【正文】 trical and plumbing (管道裝置) lines are put inside, the plastic walls are covered by concrete—both inside and outside. So no one will actually be able to tell that the walls are made of plastic. Besides, the material will keep the house 17176。 Average humans can consume 15 or more drinks in plastic bottles a month. If you were born after 1978, and live until 80 years old, you will leave behind a minimum of 14,400 plastic bottles on this planet. These bottles take hundreds of years to break down into tiny pieces of plastic, never to pletely disappear. Most of the waste is consumed by fish and birds, which has shortened their lifetime greatly.推斷時(shí)，切不可只憑主觀臆斷，一定要找到確切的根據(jù)，找到合理的解釋。有時(shí)需要統(tǒng)觀全篇，不能只盯住一處。2.“比”。讀完材料，審?fù)觐}干(題干不可不審清)，可根據(jù)題干確定選項(xiàng)的大致范圍，開(kāi)始找與選項(xiàng)相對(duì)應(yīng)的句子，然后再進(jìn)行合理的想象、推理及判斷。分析選項(xiàng)可知B項(xiàng)正確。但是積極的影響不如消極的影響更持久，它需要三到五個(gè)積極的互動(dòng)才能去掉一個(gè)負(fù)面互動(dòng)。通讀全文可知，一些關(guān)于日常經(jīng)驗(yàn)的研究證明，當(dāng)你因?yàn)榕u(píng)或遭到拒絕而經(jīng)歷負(fù)面情緒時(shí)，你的身體會(huì)產(chǎn)生較高水平的應(yīng)激激素，它關(guān)閉了你的思維，激活沖突和防御的機(jī)制。由此判斷出D項(xiàng)正確。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。conflict and defense mechanisms （機(jī)制）.” 可知，你經(jīng)歷負(fù)面情緒時(shí)，你的身體會(huì)產(chǎn)生較高水平的應(yīng)激激素，它關(guān)閉了你的思維機(jī)制和激活你的防御機(jī)制。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的內(nèi)容可知，一些關(guān)于日常經(jīng)驗(yàn)的最好研究是建立在積極和消極互動(dòng)率的基礎(chǔ)上的，這證明了盲目的積極或消極會(huì)使其他人感到沮喪或煩惱，或者干脆把不理睬。這給我們一個(gè)啟示，在談話時(shí)盡可能多的積極互動(dòng)，才會(huì)調(diào)動(dòng)人的積極性。而當(dāng)你體驗(yàn)到積極的互動(dòng)時(shí)，積極的交流會(huì)增加你與他人溝通、合作和信任的能力。Less Time on Strengths and Positive Aspects【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。How to Be a Productive ManagerB.the effect of negative feelings lasts longer than that of positive ones（4）What is the best title for the passage? A.our conversation should center on what needs improvementB. A.ll be motivated to resolve conflicts with people.（3）From Paragraph 4, we can learn that D.Much of your thinking will be prevented.C.The situations are sure to bee worse.D.C.change one39。stop listenings going right. We need at least three to five positive interactions to outweigh every one negative exchange. Bad moments simply outweigh good ones. Whether you39。 When you experience a positive interaction, it activates a very different response. Positive exchanges increase your body39。 Over the last two decades, scientists have made remarkable predictions simply by watching people interact with one another and then scoring the conversations based on the rate of positive and negative interactions. Researchers have used the findings to predict everything from the likelihood that a couple will divorce to the chances of a work team with high customer satisfaction and productivity levels.4．閱讀理解全文介紹Armstrong如何成為偉大的爵士音樂(lè)家，故選B。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“ Lil Hardin, the bands piano player and the future Mrs. Armstrong, explains that Oliver kept Armstrong in the second trumpetchair so that Oliver would still be “King”. Hardin convinced him to leave the band.”可推斷出Louis Armstrong離開(kāi)King Oliver樂(lè)隊(duì)的原因是因?yàn)樗牟拍懿荒艿玫酵耆l(fā)展，故選D。故選D。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。s “...to create what would eventually bee today39。 （1）考查代詞指代。It introduces the development of jazz.D.It asks readers to know more about modern jazz.B.Because his talent could not develop pletely.（4）What39。Because the man forced him to leave the band.C.s band? A.D.C.B.To play a jazz instrument well.（2）Who taught Louis Armstrong how to play music in the early time? A.To work with Buddy Bolden.C.s band and then flew solo. In 1925, Armstrong put together the Hot Five, expanding his popularity even more. Armstrong recorded his first position, Cornet Chop Suey, one of the most copied jazz solos of all time. This monumental 1928 recording blends (混合) artistry, endurance and showmanship that has rarely, if ever, been matched in Jazz.（1）What does the underlined word “that” refer to in the second paragraph? A. Lil Hardin, the bands piano player and the future Mrs. Armstrong, explains that Oliver kept Armstrong in the second trumpetchair so that Oliver would still be “King”. Hardin convinced him to leave the band. Soon, Armstrong39。 When Oliver left for Chicago, Armstrong chose to stay in New Orleans and work with some of the other top musicians of the day. In Chicago, King Oliver offered him a place in his band in 1922. It became Armstrong39。s, Armstrong also got the chance to hear some of the city39。s Home at the age of 12, after a runin (小爭(zhēng)執(zhí)) with the police. The punishment turned out to be a mixed blessing, for he also had the opportunity to play in a real band.s jazz.3．閱讀理解 s brain ，通過(guò)電視、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等媒介的語(yǔ)言教學(xué)，對(duì)于嬰兒大腦發(fā)展是不夠的，并且后面的實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，面對(duì)面的語(yǔ)言輸入才有效，故選D。根據(jù)最后一段Researchers led by scientist Patricia Kuhl have found that language delivered by televisions, audio books, the Internet, or smartphones－no matter how educational－doesn39。”可知，有些東西放在句首和句尾，會(huì)有很大的不同，比如John抓住了熊，和熊抓住了John，意思是不一樣的，可知本句意思為位置對(duì)于語(yǔ)言來(lái)說(shuō)很重要的，順序不同，意思不同，故選B。 is very different from 39。根據(jù)第三段If something is at the beginning or at the end, it makes a big difference: 39。根據(jù)第二段The images showed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during the ABB pattern. This shows that babies can tell the difference between different ，實(shí)驗(yàn)表明嬰兒可以區(qū)別不同的聲音模式，故選A。根據(jù)第一段Babies receive information when they see, hear and feel things, which makes connections between different parts of the ，嬰兒接收到不同信息，可以讓大腦不同部分形成連接，故選B。 brain development.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文屬于科普文章，介紹小孩最初幾年的經(jīng)歷對(duì)大腦發(fā)育很重要，而媒介輸入對(duì)孩子大腦發(fā)育效果不明顯，最有效的是面對(duì)面語(yǔ)言輸入。 brain develop.D. brain.C.t watch a lot of television.B.Words have different sounds.（4）What is the main conclusion from the study led by Patricia Kuhl? A.Different orders have different meanings.C.A certain brain region processes language.（3）What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 3? A.Word order is relevant to meaning.C.The connection with other babies.（2）What did Judit Gervain and her team find in the experiment? A. early age.Experiencing new information.C.s brai