【正文】 同位語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容。The second foreign country that l expect to visit is 、先行詞是不定代詞時(shí)，如”all、few、little、much、anything、nothing、something“ This is the very good dictionary that I want to .、先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?先行詞被”only“、”the every“、”no“、”one of“、”the right“、”the same“等修飾He is the only person that l want to talk 、在以”which“、”who“、”whom“ 引起的問(wèn)句中，為避免重復(fù)，常用”that“ Who is the man that is standing there? Which is the Tshirt that fits me most?”there be“句型中先行詞在主句中作表語(yǔ)，或者關(guān)系代詞本身作從句的表語(yǔ)時(shí)宜用”that“ ”that“在作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。定語(yǔ)從句只能”that“引導(dǎo)的情況:先行詞是最高級(jí)或被最高級(jí)修飾。All that needed is a supply of 。(f)先行詞指物，在主句中作是”the way“或”the reason“時(shí)，”that“可作關(guān)系副詞，也可省略。We depend on the land from which we get our depend on the land that/which we get our food from.(2)只能用”that“引導(dǎo):如先行詞被”last,just“修飾時(shí)，只用”that“。)c.”as...as“ As many children as came were given some ).”as“引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 常用句式:as is said above 綜上所述 as is known to all 眾所周知 as is often the case 通常如此as is reported in the newspaper 如報(bào)紙所報(bào)道的 6.”which“在特殊從定法(1)不用that的情況(a)在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。舉例:①This is the same pen that I 。that從句中說(shuō)明的名詞與the same修飾的名詞是同一個(gè)。如果先行成分不是主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞用”which“而不用”as“。3).”as“和”which“在特殊從句中作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。如: Freddie, as might be expected, was attending the ).”Which“作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不限，主動(dòng)被動(dòng)皆可，只是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)助動(dòng)詞”be“省略。而”which“特殊定語(yǔ)從句則無(wú)狀語(yǔ)意義。:”as“特殊定語(yǔ)從句的位置較靈活，可以置于先行成分之前、之中或之后。”as / which“特殊定語(yǔ)從句置于先行成分之后。二、“as/which”特殊定語(yǔ)從句在句中的位置。這句子可以是整個(gè)主句也可以只是主句中的一個(gè)從句。“do”可以出現(xiàn)，也可以不出現(xiàn)，但不能用其它動(dòng)詞代替。這種動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)既可是限定形式也可是非限定形式。值得一提的是，在這些具有形容詞性質(zhì)的名詞之后，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞不能用“who / whom”。但不同之處主要有兩點(diǎn):(1)importance to me, as my own ，有些名詞可以具有形容詞的性質(zhì)。2)The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could 答案B A選項(xiàng)不能用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，C選項(xiàng)只能引導(dǎo)限定性定語(yǔ)從句，而D選項(xiàng)習(xí)慣上并不適用。d選項(xiàng)he。b項(xiàng)that，此為非限定性從句，不能用“that”修飾。Alice received an invitation from her boss,______ came as a 答案C。因?yàn)槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句一定要有先行詞，而名詞性從句沒(méi)有。(2)I helped an old man，who lost his way，我?guī)椭艘粋€(gè)迷路的老人。(2)As everyone knows ,China is a beautiful country with a long ，中國(guó)是一個(gè)有著悠久歷史的美麗國(guó)家。，有時(shí)as也可用作關(guān)系代詞，若as在從句中作主語(yǔ)，其引導(dǎo)的句子可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。, 對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾,這時(shí)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，例如:(1)He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets ，這使我心煩。在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的前面往往有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，如(1)The house,which I bought has a lovely 。(1)The book(that/ which)I am reading is very 。(3)We arrived the day that(on which)they 。限制性定語(yǔ)從句不能被省略，否則句意就不完整，例如I met some one who said he knows ，that有時(shí)相當(dāng)于in which,at which,for which或on which(1)Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which)attitudes towards night dreaming have ，這與人們對(duì)夜間做夢(mèng)的看法的變化有非常相似之處。如: He works in a factory that [which] makes TV 。與前面when的情況一樣，注意不要一見(jiàn)到先行詞為地點(diǎn)名詞，就以為一定要用關(guān)系副詞where來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，同時(shí)還要看它在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)什么成分如果在定語(yǔ)從句中用作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，就用where。s the hotel where we were staying last 。如: This is the village where he was 。關(guān)系代詞that / which在定語(yǔ)從句中用作動(dòng)詞told的賓語(yǔ)，正因?yàn)槭怯米髻e語(yǔ)，所以也可以省略。t forget the time(that, which)I39。如果在定語(yǔ)從句中不是用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，而是用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，那就不能用when，而要用that, which等。ll put off the piic until next week, when the weather may be ，那時(shí)天氣可能會(huì)好一點(diǎn)。Gone are the days when they could do what they 。誤:The main reason, why he lost his job, was that he :The main reason why he lost his job was that he drank.(同位語(yǔ)從句)when 關(guān)系副詞when主要用于修飾表時(shí)間的名詞，同時(shí)它在定語(yǔ)從句中用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。另外，與關(guān)系副詞when和where可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不一樣，why只能引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。如: That39。t tell me the reason why she refused the 。t show 。如: We don39。分作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，通常是引導(dǎo)詞和先行詞之間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時(shí)，常用“there is”開(kāi)頭。I still remember the place where I met her for the first 。e)整個(gè)句中前面已有“which”，“why”時(shí)關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞在句中作狀語(yǔ) 關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞 why=for which where=in/ at/ on which(介詞同先行詞搭配)when=during/ on/ in/……1.“where”是關(guān)系副詞，當(dāng)然也不用“that”引導(dǎo)。c)被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。[eg:This is the book(which)you want.] “不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞”的介詞的賓語(yǔ)，注意介詞不要丟掉，而且介詞總是放在關(guān)系代詞which的前面，但有的則放在它前面的位置。，“which”代表事物。(“whose parents”表示那個(gè)孩子的雙親)He lives in a room whose window faces 。that在定語(yǔ)從句中既可指人又可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略，指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或whom，指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which，作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，介詞不可提到that前，當(dāng)介詞提前時(shí)，需要用which或whom來(lái)代替。(which/that在從句中作主語(yǔ))(2)The package(which/that)you are carrying is about to e 。做及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，可省略。(whom/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))(3)The man whom you spoke to just now is our English 。這些詞代替指人，whom在定語(yǔ)從句中指人，“who”和“that”既可作主語(yǔ)又可作賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可以省略,who作賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)閣hom)，that可以指人也可以指物, who不可指物。非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中 先行詞本身是that多用who，不用that的情況 先行詞為anyone，one，ones時(shí)。當(dāng)主句是以who或which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。先行詞是be的表語(yǔ)或there be 的主語(yǔ)時(shí)。先行詞被the only，the very，the same，the last修飾時(shí)。who, which, that 限定性定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞 作主語(yǔ)、作賓語(yǔ)、作定語(yǔ)指人：who/that、whom/that(可省略)、whose 指物：which/that、which/that(可省略)、whose 指人和物 ：that 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞：作主語(yǔ)、作賓語(yǔ)、作定語(yǔ) 指人：who、whom、whose/of whom 指物：which、which、whose/of which 特殊情況: 只能用that的情況：先行詞為everything，all，little，much等不定代詞時(shí)。關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。一般who做主語(yǔ)或其賓格形式的whom做賓語(yǔ)(whom作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略)，whose作為定語(yǔ)(whose不可省略)。③在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)成分。關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞常有3個(gè)作用: ①連接作用，連接主句和定語(yǔ)從句。例如:(對(duì))Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?(對(duì))Is this the museum where the exhibition was held? 從句結(jié)構(gòu)定語(yǔ)從句公式：定語(yǔ)從句=先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句 先行詞：指被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞、代詞或句子。方法二: 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/、定、賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系代詞。ll never forget the days(which)I spent in the where, when聯(lián)系在一起。及物動(dòng)詞后面無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞。He is unlikely to find the place(that / where / in which)he lived forty years 年前居住過(guò)的地方。Beijing is the place where(in which)I was 。(which / that 在句中作賓語(yǔ))關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。3)which, that 它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等，例如: A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the 有的繁榮。(whom/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))2)Whose 用來(lái)指人或物，(只用作定語(yǔ), 若指物，它還可以同of which互換), 例如: They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken ，大家都跑過(guò)去幫忙。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ) 從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞)引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞位于定語(yǔ)從句句首。被修飾的詞叫先行詞。[參考答案] 1—5 AADBA 6—10 ABCCA 11—15 AADAD 16—20 CDDBC 21—25 ACBDC 26—30 AADAD31—35 CABCB 36—40 BBDBA 41—45 BDBBC 46—50 CDBBC第四篇：定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題定語(yǔ)從句，一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句跟在一名詞或代詞后(先行詞)進(jìn)行修飾限定，就叫做定語(yǔ)從句。s which（） cleans the classroom can go home who one who（） police caught the man _______ stole my （） girl ________ is reading under the tree ________ my , is, was