【正文】 Essentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco2/ 85Version Management IP Interfaces (Cont.)?IPv4 virtual addressHost address on management work168。CRS12/ 84Version Management IP Interfaces?Cisco CRS1 Management Ether interfacesMgmtEth0/RP0/CPU0/0MgmtEth0/RP1/CPU0/0Managementworkconnections169。CRS12/ 83Version Command ModesLoginConfiguration modesEXEC mode169。CRS12/ 82Version Access and Login? IOS XR router access:Direct connection to console portTerminal server connected to the console portTel or SSH (v1 or v2)? Login Rootsystem user defined at initial installAssigned username and passwordUser Access VerificationUsername: usernamePassword: passwordRP/0/RP0/CPU0:P1169。CRS1 router uses it to boot up following reload169。Essentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoProcessProcessProcessCProcessAProcess started on standby card4. Process D: no checkpointing no process D39。Essentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoIOSIOSEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CiscoEssentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco應(yīng)用 1 應(yīng)用 2 應(yīng)用 3 操作系統(tǒng) 硬件資源 1 硬件資源 2 硬件資源 3 Essentials—Module 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco2/ 54Version 運(yùn)營商級 NOS需求n 融合性：應(yīng)具有可以利用現(xiàn)有的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)并將多種服務(wù)融合到一起的能力。CRS12/ 53Version 網(wǎng)絡(luò)演變?nèi)缃竦木W(wǎng)絡(luò)、用戶和服務(wù)發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化：n應(yīng)用：視頻會(huì)議、實(shí)時(shí)消息、 IPTV、網(wǎng)真、遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療、點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)共享、視頻監(jiān)控、網(wǎng)絡(luò)上銀行、購物n用戶數(shù)： 1995年、 inter用戶數(shù) 1600萬、 2023用戶數(shù) 、如今n傳輸性能：共早期 155Mbit/s提升到如今的太比特級別（ Tbit/s）n處理器與內(nèi)存性能：摩爾定律、 CPU從幾十 MHZTHZ多核處理器、內(nèi)存容量從 MBGBn協(xié)議：從過去的眾諸侯相爭過度合并成了 IPV4/IPV6和 Ethern網(wǎng)絡(luò)：已經(jīng)或正在將傳統(tǒng)的特定業(yè)務(wù)向支持多種服務(wù)的融合性網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行遷移169。CRS1服務(wù)的傳輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)n 運(yùn)營商積極地向融合性網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行遷移169。PSTN、 ATM數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、幀中繼數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、 Inter、以及支持所有3n 網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營商具有多張?zhí)囟ǚ?wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)：ATM、 FrameRelay12OSI層協(xié)議 2/ 52Version 網(wǎng)絡(luò)演變n 早期數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中除 IP之外，還有眾多相互競爭的網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議。CRS12/ 51Version 網(wǎng)絡(luò)的演變n 20世紀(jì) 80年代，網(wǎng)絡(luò)主要應(yīng)用僅限于 “網(wǎng)頁瀏覽、電子郵件、文件傳輸、打印機(jī)和數(shù)據(jù)庫 ”n 基于包轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的硅技術(shù)硬件還未大規(guī)模部署且硬件的傳輸速率、 CPU性能、內(nèi)存容量有限n 設(shè)計(jì) “路由器 ”及 “相關(guān) NOS”的初衷是使包轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)能夠有效地利用 CPU和內(nèi)存資源n NOS（網(wǎng)絡(luò)操作系統(tǒng)）主要用來執(zhí)行和發(fā)揮網(wǎng)絡(luò)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)互聯(lián)的功能和作用169。CRS12/ 50Version 目錄?CRS1 硬件架構(gòu)介紹?CRS1 IOSXR介紹?CRS1 IOSXR基本配置?CRS1 IOSXR 路由協(xié)議配置?CRS1 IOSXR RPL配置介紹169。CRS12/ 49Version Route Processor (RP) Active and Standby Arbitration The activestandby arbitration algorithm performed by hardware and software: chassis power up, each RP boots and runs selftests. RPs exchange messages with each other and with SPs on all other boards. Each RP examines its outgoing “Reset” lines to verify that they are inactive. on results of these tests, each RP decides whether it is ready to bee the active RP. If it is, it asserts “Ready” signal to its onboard arbitration unit that propagates “Ready” signal to other RP. hardware chooses active RP. Hardware asserts “Active” signal to chosen RP, along with an interrupt and propagates “Active” signal to other RP, which also receives an interrupt. If a tie, “Active” is RP in lower numbered slot. on each reads its “Active” signal, and branches accordingly to “Primary” or “Standby” code. active RP is removed, powered down, or voluntarily deasserts its “Ready” signal, standby RP immediately receives an asserted “Active” signal, along with an interrupt.169。CRS12/ 48Version RP Block Diagram (Cont.)FPGAFE/GEswitchMEMCTL CPU PCMCIA2IDETo fabricFrom fabricCPUIFQlinksLC FElinks CTL GE linkCTL GE linkMidplanePCI123Aux and consoleManagement GE link56789410Card presence detectRP mastershipPROM presence169。CRS12/ 47Version RP Block DiagramFPGAFE/GEswitchMEMCTL CPU PCMCIA2IDETo fabricFrom fabricCPUIFQlinksLC FElinks CTL GE linkCTL GE linkMidplanePCI123Aux and consoleManagement GE link56789410Card presence detectRP mastershipPROM presence169。CRS12/ 46Version PCMCIA Flash SlotsPCMCIA Flash? Each RP provides