【正文】 Statistical Process Control 119 Copy right reserved by T220。 118 Copy right reserved by T220。過程性能已改進(jìn)（應(yīng)研究其原因，并將它固定下來）； 評價系統(tǒng)已改變。 Statistical Process Control 高于均值的長鏈或連續(xù)上升的點 117 Copy right reserved by T220。連續(xù)７點位于均值的一側(cè)； V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。測量系統(tǒng)已改變?？刂葡藁蛎椟c錯誤； 評價系統(tǒng)已改變（例如：檢驗員、量規(guī)）?？刂葡藁蛎椟c錯誤； V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 Statistical Process Control Note：在實際運用中當(dāng)個子組容量與其平均值相差不超過正負(fù)25%，可用平均樣本容量（ n）來計算控制限。 Statistical Process Control 111 Copy right reserved by T220。 Statistical Process Control 計算控制限 110 Copy right reserved by T220。 Statistical Process Control 109 Copy right reserved by T220。 Statistical Process Control 108 Copy right reserved by T220。 Statistical Process Control 107 Copy right reserved by T220。 Statistical Process Control 106 Copy right reserved by T220。 Statistical Process Control 105 Copy right reserved by T220。 Statistical Process Control 應(yīng)用控制圖的準(zhǔn)備工作 104 Copy right reserved by T220。 Statistical Process Control 103 Copy right reserved by T220。 Statistical Process Control 計數(shù)型數(shù)據(jù)控制圖 102 Copy right reserved by T220。 Statistical Process Control 101 Copy right reserved by T220。 評價過程能力 100 Copy right reserved by T220。 臨時性措施： l對輸出進(jìn)行篩選，根據(jù)需要進(jìn)行報廢或返工處置 l改變規(guī)范使之與過程性能一致。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。 l并不是所有的特殊原因都是有害的，有 些特 殊原因可以通過減少均值的變差而對過程改進(jìn) 起到積極的作用。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。過程或抽樣方法草叢連續(xù)的子組中包括從兩個或多個不同過程流的測量值。 Statistical Process Control 如果大大少于２／３的數(shù)據(jù)點落在過程平均值的附近（對于 25個分組的情況，如果有 40%或少于 40%的數(shù)據(jù)落在中間的／３區(qū)域內(nèi)） 87 Copy right reserved by T220。過程或取樣方法分層；每個子組包括從兩個或多個具有不同均值的過程流的測量值； Statistical Process Control 如果大大超過２／３的點落在過程均值的附近（對于25個子組的情況，如果有 90%多的點在控制限１／３的中間區(qū)域） Quite some Variation Ending up as Scrap 一定程度的偏差 導(dǎo)致廢品 % Upper Specification Limit Lower Specification Limit Scrap Scrap % 86 Copy right reserved by T220。各點與過程均值的距離：一般情況下，大約２／３的描點應(yīng)落在控制限１／３的中間區(qū)域內(nèi)，大約１／３的點落在其他２／３的區(qū)域；１／２０的點應(yīng)落在控制限較近之處（位于外１／３的區(qū)域）。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。測量系統(tǒng)已改變（漂移、偏差、靈敏度等）。 分析： 連續(xù)７點在平均值的一側(cè)； V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。過程已改變，或是在當(dāng)時的那一點（可能是一件獨立的事件）或是一種趨勢的一部分； Statistical Process Control ａ．超出控制限的點 一點超出任一控制限 —— 出現(xiàn)特殊原因 Statistical Process Control 81 Copy right reserved by T220。 Statistical Process Control X 圖 的分析 U C L X L C L80 Copy right reserved by T220。 重新計算控制極限（極差圖） 79 Copy right reserved by T220。 Statistical Process Control 識別并標(biāo)注特殊原因（極差圖） l 對于極差數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)每一特殊原因進(jìn)行標(biāo)注，作為一個過程操作作分析，從而確定該原因并改進(jìn)對過程的理解；糾正條件并卻防止他再發(fā)生。 Statistical Process Control 78 Copy right reserved by T220。 77 Copy right reserved by T220。 控制限或描點計算錯或描錯； V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai Edited by Tony Hung. Internal Training Form 169。V Rheinland Academy Shanghai