【正文】 (in this case, Buck’s) recovery of the instincts of his wild ancestors. For Buck, this recovery involves repeated visions of his primitive past, which usually occur late at night when he is lying alongside a campfire. He sees the men around him as primitive men, draped in furs and wary of the prehistoric dark around them, and then he has visions of himself as a primitive, wild creature, hunting his prey in the primeval forests. Each of these visions brought him closer to his destiny, which is the return to his ancestors’ ways. So far, Buck’s inner wilderness bursts out fully with the help of objective conditions such as the cruel mistreat by those socalled masters and the fierce petition among the wild. From Buck’s final destination, we safely arrive at the conclusion that he succeeds in pursuing his own dream and responding to internal thought was the position of lead dog was coveted and given to the most powerful dog. The lead dog took responsibility for group decisions and had a distinctive style of leadership。 The Laws of Civilization and of Wilderness.The intention of this novel is quite obvious: it is about how individuals struggle to fit in or avoid fitting in now, however, he abandons any such considerations in order to survive. But London is not content to make the struggle for survival?！猼he civilized, moral Buck must adjust to the harsher realities of life in the vast and open North, where struggle is nothing more than survival. Kill or being killed is the only morality among the dogs of the Klondike, as Buck realizes from the moment he steps off the boat and watches the violent death of his friend Curly. The wilderness is a cruel, cold world, where only the strong win. It is, one might say, a perfect Darwinian world, and London’s depiction of it owes much to Charles Darwin, who put forward the theory of evolution to explain the development of life on Earth and envisioned a natural world defined by fierce petition for scarce resources. The term used to describe Darwin’s theory, although he did not coin it, is it was primitive rather than civilized, and so it remained strong even as Buck left the civilized world behind. Now a panion to Thornton rather than a servant, Buck gradually began to enter a world of individual survival in the wild. His Own Trace—to Be a Real Wild WolfBuck was prone to visions of more primitive worlds, and sometimes he saw the humans around him as ancient men, wearing animal skins and living in caves or trees. In some of these visions, he was running alongside these men, protecting them from the terrors of the night., ugly monster’”10 In many ways, then, when John Thornton cut Buck free from his harness, he was also beginning the process of Buck’s separation from a pack mentality, an act that symbolized his freedom from a world in which he served humans. Although Buck continued to serve Thornton, his yearnings for a solitary life in the wild eventually overcame him. While expressing his great love and affection towards John Thornton, Buck showed no sign of flattery. Instead, his love expression was an act likely to hurt. He would often seize Thornton’s hand in his mouth and close fiercely that the flesh bore the impression of his teeth for sometime afterwards.Thornton, a seasoned gold prospector, saved Buck from being beaten to death by the odious Hal and then bees Buck’s master.“ Thornton had a way of taking Buck’s head roughly between his large hands and resting his own head on Buck’s. Then, he would shake Buck’s head back and forth, saying,‘ You it was a struggle, a course strewn with obstacles, from the long duel with his rival Spitz to the folly of Hal, Mercedes, and Charles. But these obstacles, London indicated, were to be rejoiced in rather than avoided: life is ultimately a long struggle for mastery, and the greatest dogs“a callowness sheer and unutterable,” while Mercedes was spoiled and unreasonable—“it was her custom to be helpless,”As a group, the three had no experience in the wild, only knew how to mistreat those sled dogs,Hal’s whip felt on the team even as a leader he was carrying out someone else’s mands and was responsible for the well being of the group. This experience, though, far from destroying him, made him stronger, and he wan back his kingdom—or rather, he won a new kingdom, a wild one that better suited his true destiny as a wild animal. The balance between individual and group was disrupted once more, however, toward the end of the novel, when Buck became the leader of a wolf pack. Although the pack was much different from the dog pack whose responsibility was to serve humans by pulling sleds, the message seemed to be that, while encouraging the skills to survive on one’s own, the wild ultimately required the cooperation of a group in order to ensure individual survival. His Disappointment towards Other Foolish MastersHal, Charles, and MercedesThese three can be analyzed in a group, who really exerted a negative part on Buck because they seemed to be ignorant about how to treat those diligent sled dogs. And they shared something in mon: Hal and Charles are foolish and callow。(the problems which occur when Buck manipulates the team onto his side as an example). his harness now represented not servitude to the humans but leadership over the dogs. Soon“ the law of club and fang.” The rules of the civilized and uncivilized worlds are, of course, extremely different—in the wild, many conflicts are resolved through bloody fights rather than through reasoned mediation. But the novel suggests that what is important in both worlds is to understand and abide by the rules which that world has set up, a