【正文】 Labour Market Situation in Albania May 2022 ? The passage of Albania on the market economy at the beginning of 1990, experienced a substantial decline in labour force participation rate in the new labour market. ? In 1998, after the pyramid scheme crisis, the male participation rate was 85 % pared to 55 % for women. ? In 2022, less than two thirds of the working age population was active in the labour market. During 2022, this indicator continues to be in decline. ? During 20222022, the female participation rate has declined with less than 50 %. Demographic and labour force indicators (in thousands): Years 1992 2022 2022 2022 2022 2022 Total population 3190 3401 3069 3069 3103 3110 Female 1600 1724 1539 1539 1556 1560 Working age population 1849 1939 1767 1767 1813 1815 Female 937 968 864 864 888 889 Total labour force 1489 1283 1101 1092 1089 1065. Female 707 529 427 424 424 425 Labour force participation rate 59 Female 55 49 49 Labour force partcipation rate may be explained by different causes: ? A considerable number of people engaged in the informal sector. ? Others are discouraged, for a long time without job and out of the labour market. ? A lot of Albanian people, mostly young men (600 – 800 thousand) are estimated as working abroad. ? This decline is explaned also by the large withdrawals of women from the labour market. Employment ? Restructuring of the economy led to a fall in employment in general and substantially in a fall of the employment in the public sector. ? Actually of the total number of the employed in the private sector is about 81 % pared with 19 % of the employed in the public sector. Employment by sectors (public and private) Year 1992 2022 2022 2022 2022 Total number of employed people 1,094,821 1,068,190 920,569 920,144 931,068 a) Public Sector 614,607 191,166 188,965 186,065 176,731 Budgetary 122,298 120,114 118,162 130,150 Non Budgetary 68,868 68,851 67,903 46,581 b)Private Sector Non agriculture 60,000 116,024 205,267 207,742 213,000 c)Agriculture Private Sector 420,214 761,000 526,337 526,337 542,337 Source: INSTAT, MoLSA Public sector ? During 2022 were employed 186 thousand people pared with 850 thousand people that were employed in 1991. ? In 2022, in the public sector 176 thousand people are employed. This decline, was mostly due to mass privatization of state –owned enterprises, of the bankruptcy and closing of a lot of activities that were not able to provide benefits. ? The service sector experienced a slightly higher number of employments. ? The increase of employment concerns only men, since the number of employed women remained almost at a constant level. Private sector ? In 2022 about 80 % of the total number of the employed persons, was provided by the private sector. ? The rapid privatization of the agricultural sector, affected the increase