【正文】 s Christian Association (YMCA), which later became Springfield College. Naismith (18611939) was a physical education teacher who was seeking a team sport with limited physical contact but a lot of running, jumping, shooting, and the handeye coordination required in handling a ball. The peach baskets he hung as goals gave the sport the name of basketball. His students were excited about the game, 。s ball is in (7274 cm) in circumference. The covering of the ball is leather, rubber, position, or synthetic, although leather covers only are dictated by rules for college play, unless the teams agree otherwise. Orange is the regulation color. At all levels of play, the home team provides the ball. Inflation of the ball is based on the height of the ball39。s National Basketball Association (WNBA) playoffs. And it has also made American heroes out of its player and coach legends like Michael Jordan, Larry Bird, Earvin Magic Johnson, Sheryl Swoopes, and other great players. At the heart of the game is the playing space and the equipment. The space is a rectangular, indoor court. The principal pieces of equipment are the two elevated baskets, one at each end (in the long direction) of the court, and the basketball itself. The ball is spherical in shape and is inflated. Basketballs range in size from in (7276 cm) in circumference, and in weight from 1822 oz (510624 g). For players below the high school level, a smaller ball is used, but the ball in men39。t e naturally or easily to them, and so they are trying to follow a predetermined set of rules. Some individuals with autism have normal intelligence, and many have special talents in areas such as music or memory. However, individuals with autism may have other mental or emotional problems that coexist with their autism. Some of these other disorders may include impulse control disorders, obsessivepulsive disorder , mood and anxiety disorders, and mental retardation . PSYCHOLOGICAL AND FAMILY FACTORS. Although Henry Maudsley, in the late 1800s, was the first psychiatrist to focus on very young children with mental disorders, it was the psychiatrist Leo Kanner who coined the phrase early infantile autism in 1943. Kanner believed that the parents of children with autistic behaviors were emotionally cold and intellectually distant. He coined the term refrigerator parents to describe them. His belief that parental personality and behavior played a powerful role in the development of autistic behaviors left a devastating legacy of guilt and selfblame among parents of autistic children that continues to this day. Recent studies are unequivocal, however, in demonstrating that parents of autistic children are no different from parents of healthy children in their personalities or parenting behaviors. In fact, many families with an autistic child also have one or more perfectly healthy children. Because autistic children can be extremely sensitive to change, any change within the family situation can be potentially traumatic to the autistic child. A move, divorce, birth of a sibling or other stressors that occur in the lives of most families may evoke a more extreme reaction from an autistic child. While there is no single neurological abnormality found in children with autistic disorders, some research using noninvasive brain imaging techniques such as magic resonance imaging (MRI) suggests that certain areas of the brain may be involved. Several of the brain areas being researched are known to control emotion and the expression of emotion. These areas include the temporal lobe (large lobe of each side of the 第 28 頁 共 26 頁 brain that contains a sensory area associated with hearing), the limbic system, the cerebellum, the frontal lobe, the amygdala, and the brain stem, which regulates homeostasis (body temperature and heart rate). Recent research has focused particularly on the temporal lobe because of the finding that previously healthy people who sustain temporal lobe damage may develop autisticlike symptoms. In animal research, when the temporal lobe is damaged, social behavior declines, and restless, repetitive motor behaviors are mon. When measured by MRI, total brain volume appears to be greater for those with autistic disorders. Other neurological factors include lesions to the brain, congenital rubella, undiagnosed and untreated phenylketonuria (PKU), tuberous sclerosis, and Rett39。 這次課程設(shè)計終于順利完成了，在設(shè)計中遇到了很多編程問題，最后在馮娜老師的辛勤指導(dǎo)下，終于游逆而解。在設(shè)計的過程中遇到各種問題，好多 C 語言語法錯誤、編寫程序無法運行等等。 回顧起此次計算機控制技術(shù)課程設(shè)計，至今我仍感慨頗多，在整整兩星期的日子里，可以說得是苦多于甜，但是可以學(xué)到很多很多的的東西，同時不僅可以鞏固了以前所學(xué)過的知識，而且學(xué)到了很多在書本上所沒有學(xué)到過的知識。 //調(diào)用電機反轉(zhuǎn)函數(shù) } } } } 第 24 頁 共 26 頁 5 課程設(shè)計體會 課程設(shè)計是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生綜合運用所學(xué)知識 ,發(fā)現(xiàn) ,提出 ,分析和解決實際問題 ,鍛煉實踐能力的重要環(huán)節(jié) ,是對學(xué)生實際工作能力的具體訓(xùn)練和考察過程 .隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展的日新日異，單片機已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今計算機應(yīng)用中空前活躍的領(lǐng)域， 在生活中可以說得是無處不在。 //調(diào)用電機正轉(zhuǎn)函數(shù) } } else //K1 送入低電平 { delay(10)。 } /* 主程序 */ void main() { while(1) //電機轉(zhuǎn) m 圈 { if(k1==1) //K1 送入高電平 { delay(10)。 P1=rev[1]。 } 第 23 頁 共 26 頁 /********以下是步進電機反轉(zhuǎn)函數(shù) ********/ void setp_motor_rev() { P1=rev[2]。 P1=ffw[2]。 } /********以下是步進電機正轉(zhuǎn)函數(shù) ********/ void setp_motor_ffw() { P1=ffw[3]。i60。 //定義 K1開關(guān) void delay(uint x) //延時函數(shù) { uchar i。 //2 相勵磁正轉(zhuǎn)表 uchar code rev[]={0xf9,0xf3,0xf6,0xfc }。主控程序流程圖如圖 所示。因此可以縮短開發(fā)周期。先用編譯器編寫程序、接著調(diào)用編譯器進行編譯，連接之后即可直接運行。這種匯編軟件稱為編譯器，keil 是目前最流行的 51 單片機開發(fā)軟件， keil 提供了一個集成開發(fā)環(huán)境uVision,它包括編譯器、宏匯編、連接器、庫管理、和一個功能強大的仿真調(diào)試器。 鑒于上述考慮，我們小組的設(shè)計電路圖如 所示： 第 21 頁 共 26 頁 圖 L293D控制電機電路 第 4章 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 程序流程 51 單片機的開發(fā)除了需要硬件的支持外，同樣離不開軟件。 行程開關(guān)控制步進電機極限位置停止：天亮?xí)r，光敏傳感器接受到高電平，依程序所設(shè)步進電機正轉(zhuǎn)，順時針轉(zhuǎn)動，窗簾以某一速度被慢慢拉開，走到極限位置時，窗簾碰到右端的行程開關(guān) SW3，開關(guān)閉合使能端關(guān)閉，電機停止轉(zhuǎn)動。 對本自動系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計還必須滿足用戶想要窗簾停的某一位置停下來的需求，為此設(shè)計了步進電機停止開關(guān)，為簡化程序，更加利用 L293D 芯片本身的功能，本文采用了一個單刀雙擲開關(guān) SW1，開關(guān)一端接使能端 ENA、 ENB，另兩端一段接 +5V 的電源，為芯片使能端提供高