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致謝人:馬柱柱 日期;2015年6月8日參考文獻[1] 陳杰,黃鴻. 傳感器與檢測技術[M] .高等教育出版社. 2002[2] 胡偉,季曉衡. 單片機C程序設計及應用實例[M] .人民郵電出版社. 2003[3] 呂俊芳. 傳感器接口與檢測儀器電路[M] .北京航空航天大學出版,1994[4] 梅麗鳳,王艷秋,張軍. 單片機原理及接口技術[M] .北京交通大學出版社,2006[5] 溫義德. 鍋爐水池水位自控裝置的制作及鍋爐水位檢測裝置的應用[J] .科技創(chuàng)業(yè)家,2011,(2):25[6] 張盛,姜振兵. 基于AT89C51單片機的水箱水位檢測控制系統(tǒng)設計[J]. 科技廣場,2010,(9):122124[7] 朱高中. 基于單片機遠程水位檢測系統(tǒng)的研究[J] .光電子技術,2012,(4): 246250[8] 姜兵. 基于圖像識別的遠程水位監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)研究[J] .西安電子科技大學學報,2011,(13):1216[9] 張忠遠. 智能水位監(jiān)測儀的研究[J] .南京理工大學學報,2012,(26):134145[10] 劉亮,鄧世建,張建,胡媛媛. 給排水系統(tǒng)中水位檢測技術的研究[J] .工礦自動化期刊,2011,(12):2124[11] 秦建軍. 山西省文峪河水庫水位測報系統(tǒng)的設計與研究[J] .太原理工大學,2002,(32):5668[12] WangDandan,YuanXiping,GanShu Study on land cover remote sensing monitoring and LUCC analysis in frontier small river basin, Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2007,IGARSS 2007,IEEE International [13] Heitsenrether, . New realtime storm surge monitoring network in Mobile Bay, Ocean, 2012, Digital Object Identifier: 附錄A 英文文獻原文Analysis of a Traffic Model for GSM/GPRS[Abstract] A traffic model for GSM/GPRS, the hybrid radio resource allocation (HRRA) algorithm is evaluated. A dedicated number of GPRS channels plus idle periods between voice calls are used for GPRS data packet transfers. A simulator was developed in order to evaluate the HRRA algorithm, which provides a reasonable forecast on the voice blocking probability and on packet delay for a single cell system. Since the major issue is the correct resource allocation, results are shown for the influence of some choices and assumptions on the overall system performance. Asexpected, blocking probability can reach very high values if the number of dedicated channels increases too much. For the specific case of 4 carriers and traffic of 20 Erl, 4 channels dedicated to GPRS still enable an affordable blocking probability, leading to a mean packet delay of 15 s. The results can be used to illustrate the fundamental options that need to be taken by an operator, when implementing GPRS.I. INTRODUCTION In today’s mobile munications world, the 2nd generation Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is clearly a winning system, used by millions around the globe. Due to its limited ability to grow and satisfy packet data munication needs, its future as a munications system is shadowed by the uping 3 rd generation one, the Universal Mobile Telemunications System (UMTS). That is mainly due to the fact that GSM creators thought of it as primarily a voice system, hence, lacking the ability to deal with large amounts of data, the kind of data that is overwhelmingly taking over all munication networks. It is widely foreseen that in the near future mobile data traffic will overtake voice as the primary service provided by mobile operators. Hence, operators need to evolve from current GSM networks, so that they can provide the necessary packet switched multiservice munications. In order to achieve that, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is the solution that is being implemented. The main reason for the limitation in dealing with large amounts of data is the circuit switched based transmissionused in GSM. Due to the bursty nature of packet data, and to the scarcity of available resources, a packet switched transmission is be better suited. The GPRS concept was developed from the need to evolve GSM, in order toacplish an efficient way of delivering data packets, including the ones from other networks, with the minimum disturbance in the existing network. With the implementation of GPRS in GSM networks, and the foresee。在遇到難以解決的問題時,大家坐在一起討論學習,在這期間不僅增長了我的專業(yè)知識,而且增進了我們同學間的友誼。我清楚地記得每當我的畢業(yè)設計上遇到困難去請教鄭老師時,他都會非常耐心的來對問題進行剖析,最終清楚明白的對我的問題作出回答。致謝在做畢業(yè)設計整個過程當中,我最感謝的就是我的指導老師鄭老師。本文從緒論、方案選擇、硬件設計、軟件設計、系統(tǒng)調試等幾個方面詳細介紹了整體設計的原理及過程,以及硬件制作過程中的一些注意事項。由于該系統(tǒng)的硬件測量部分長期處于外界環(huán)境當中,即使外界環(huán)境中的部分干擾源不至于使該系統(tǒng)的硬件受到部分損傷,但也有可能導致該系統(tǒng)的部分硬件功能不無法正常工作,所以,提高該系統(tǒng)的抗干擾性能還是非常有必要的。而測量部分的超聲波傳播速度是受外界環(huán)境影響的,因此在實際操作實施當中,所測得的數(shù)據(jù)肯定會有一定的誤差。單片機處理過的數(shù)據(jù)通過GSM無線通信模塊送給手機,從而實現(xiàn)對水位的實時監(jiān)測。 整個軟件調試過程如下圖:(1) 在桌面創(chuàng)建新工程文件夾命名為My Test,打開Keil軟件,新建工程并選擇項目芯片STC 89C52,:(2) 新建工程后將編好的C文件寫進去,保存到指定文件夾My Test中,: 運行并編譯(3) 編譯好后,再運行一次,: 總 結本次畢業(yè)設計主要完成的內容包括:采用超聲波非接觸式監(jiān)測,利用從超聲波發(fā)射到接收所經歷的時間,單片機可以通過A/D轉換計算出超聲波傳感器到河道水位的距離,最終算出河道水位的高度。首先,根據(jù)電路圖和元器件的參數(shù),編寫單片機程序,仔細檢查有沒有語法的錯誤,編譯通過后,通過串口把程序下載到單片機中,采用LCD指示燈方式,判斷程序的運行狀態(tài),反復檢查編寫的程序,反復修改和調試,堅持一個模塊一個模塊地的調試原則。因此,首先應該確認電源電壓是否正常。③錯焊:電路焊接錯誤,導致的電路不能夠正常工作。硬件的調試主要是按照電路圖,檢查硬件的焊接是否虛焊,漏焊,錯焊等不良。在編譯之后,將程序導入proteus中,在事先畫好的電路圖中進行仿真。在軟件調試過程中要仔細耐心,即便是多寫或少些一兩個字符,都無法編譯成功。通過編、運行,可以檢查程序錯誤[12]。}信息接收程序設計主要是中斷處理,將收到的TEXT串進行解碼,得出發(fā)送方手機號碼、發(fā)送方信息中心號碼、信息發(fā)送時間、數(shù)據(jù)長度及發(fā)送內容。 //發(fā)送操作 Delay_ms(1000)。 Delay_ms(1000)。 UartPrintASCII(ASCII[disbuff[2]])。 UartPrintASCII(ASCII[10])。 UartPrintf(bao jing )。 UartPrintf(\r\n)。39。 UartPrintf(15891061746)。39。 UartPrintf(AT+CMGS=)。 UartPrintf(AT+CMGF=1\r\n)。 UartPrintf(\r\n)。39。 UartPrintf(GSM)。39。 UartPrintf(AT+CSCS=)。 disbuff[1]=S%1000%100/10。; 設置接收手機號碼及發(fā)送短信內容短信程序:void GSM_send(){ TR0=0。C2 有效期(TPVP) 5 分鐘06 用戶信息長度(TPUDL) 實際長度6 個字節(jié)5F53524D6E7F5EA6503CFF1AFF15FF120025 用戶信息(TPUD) “bao jing ”信息發(fā)送程序設計包括:串口的初始化,SIM900A模塊的初始化,信息中心號碼的設置,對信息中心號碼、目標號碼、發(fā)送的內容進行編碼生成TEXT串,如果遇到發(fā)送失敗情況的處理等幾部分組成。分段含義解釋說明08 SMSC 地址信息的長度共8 個八位字節(jié)(包括91)91 SMSC 地址格式用國際格式號碼(在前面加‘+’)685108229262F5 SMSC 地址中心號碼8613800916500,補‘F’湊成偶數(shù)個31 基本參數(shù)(TPMTI/VFP) 要求發(fā)送回復00 消息基準值