【正文】 漂白牙齒并不困難。假如牙冠薄弱，那么還是做上瓷的、透明合成樹脂的或者是烤瓷的牙冠?，F(xiàn)在這顆牙變了顏色，有什么辦法可以解決？D:Sometimes a tooth with a root canal filling will change color. I can treat it by bleaching it with superoxol (30%H2O2). If the crown of the tooth is weak it would be better to make a porcelain, acrylic, or ceramco crown. If the crown of the tooth is strong, I’d rather bleach it. Bleaching a tooth isn’t very difficult.牙根管補過的牙有時會變色。那么請你盡量把牙齒保住吧。做橋很花錢，我想沒有必要。P:What does that entail?那需要些什么？D:Gold crowns would have to be made for the teeth next to the space to hold the bridge. It would be necessary to “grind down” the size of these abutment teeth to prepare them for crowns. A bridge would be very expensive. I don’t think that it’s necessary.在間隙兩邊的牙齒上必須做上金牙冠，用來支撐住橋。D:I don’t remend extraction. You should do everything possible to save the tooth. If the tooth is extracted a bridge will be needed.我不主張拔，應(yīng)當(dāng)想盡辦法把牙齒保住。P:I don’t know which is better. What do you remend?我不知道拔還是不拔好。P:Maybe it would be better to extract the tooth.可能還是拔了好些。就算盡量把它治好，也有再次受到感染的可能。看這個塑料模型就知道怎么個做法。還要在牙齒里面嵌入金釘。P:Has this happened to my tooth?我的這顆牙齒是不是到了這種地步？D:A large part of your tooth has already been lost because of decay. It will be necessary to make a gold crown for the tooth to give it strength. It will also be necessary to insert a gold post (dowel) into the tooth.你這顆牙齒大部分已經(jīng)因為齲壞的關(guān)系脫落了。在我開始治療之前還有些事你是需要知道的。s a very wise decision. There are also other things you should know before I begin. A tooth with a root canal filling isn39。t want to lose it.假如保住牙齒需要這樣做的話，那就做吧，我不想失掉這顆牙齒。P:If that39。補了以后就可以把牙髓管封住，不再受到感染。ll write you a prescription for it. You might need it.你的牙齒可能暫時并不舒服，我會給你開個處方，可能用得著。至下次預(yù)約治療之前先暫時填補上。ll treat the infection by putting medication in the tooth with a temporary filling until your next appointment.牙齒開了口就可以把膿排掉，把牙髓管弄大、清洗、磨平。P:Oh, yes, I see.啊，是的，明白了。在X光片上的黑線你看得見嗎？那是空的牙髓管（牙髓室）。s the hollow pulp canal (chamber). The area around the end of the root is also infected.讓我告訴你怎樣治療。ll be done. First, I39。m not familiar with those terms or that type of treatment.醫(yī)生，那是什么？這個詞我不熟悉，也不知道是怎樣一種治療法。P:What39。P:Now what do you do, Doctor?怎么辦呢？D:The only way that the tooth can be saved is by endodontic treatment. Endodontic treatment is monly known as root canal treatment”.把這顆牙保住的唯一辦法就是進行牙髓治療。你沒有什么感覺的原因就是因為牙髓已經(jīng)壞死。D:The pulp didn39。不舒服的話告訴我，我會停下來的。我要看牙髓是否健康。這個空管叫做牙髓管或牙髓室。牙髓通常叫做“神經(jīng)”。P:What is the pulp of the tooth, Doctor?醫(yī)生，牙髓是什么？D:The pulp of the tooth is made up of nerves and blood vessels. The pulp is monly called the nerve. The pulp is located in a hollow canal in the center of the tooth. The hollow canal is called the pulp canal or pulp chamber. I39。在你牙齒原來大塊填補物下邊也有齲壞了。ve examined your Xrays. There39?，F(xiàn)在經(jīng)常不斷地痛，一壓就痛得要命。我的助手說你的一顆牙齒有問題，你感到不舒服有多長時間了？P:It39。m Doctor Smith. My assistant said that you39。D:Take an Xray and ask him to sit down in treatment room number two.給她照X光，請她在二號治療室坐著等。s necessary to visit your Dentist twice a year.10Checkups prevent infection and loss of teeth.11Xrays are a very important part of dental examination.12Two types of Xrays are needed.13Periapical Xrays are needed to examine the roots of teeth.14Disclosing Xrays are needed to supplement the periapical Xrays.Part 5第五章Endodontic Treatment根管治療法H:There39。 需要用合牙翼片X光照射法作為齒尖周圍X光照射法的輔助， 以便對蛀牙做出正確的診斷。 也需要檢查牙周圍的組織， 找找牙周病， 嵌入齒， 感染和囊腫的微兆。 P:What type of Xrays do you usually take, Doctor?你通常使用的是什麼種類的X光？D:I usually take two different kinds of Xrays when I examine a patient. Periapical Xrays are needed to be able to examine the roots of teeth. It also is needed to examine the surrounding tissues for signs of periodontal disease, impacted teeth, infections and cysts.我通常用兩種不同種類的X光檢查病人。 照 X光進行牙科檢查的一個重要部分。s absolutely necessary to visit your dentist twice a year for dental check up to prevent infection and loss of teeth. Xrays are a very important part of a dental examination. Xrays are needed to find decay that39。在這種情況下， 這顆牙齒就要拔掉。 這時候應(yīng)該把蛀牙治療，因為不久它就會侵入到很敏感的牙髓。ll soon reach the sensitive tooth pulp. If this happens, there39。 蛀牙洞到了牙齒的較軟的第二層， 也就是牙質(zhì)時， 就會變得大的多。 附在牙齒上的細菌利用你吃的食物中的淀粉脂和糖， 把它轉(zhuǎn)變成為能夠使發(fā)琺瑯質(zhì)分解的一種酸。 假如刷牙刷得有效， 呀線使用的有效，就可以使 細菌影響， 這樣蛀牙就會少。ll reduce the number of new cavities.對于造成蛀牙所應(yīng)知道的最重要的，最實際的一點就是蛀牙是細菌造成的。 P:What is the most important?重要的因素是什麼？D:The most important and practical thing for you to know about tooth decay is that it39。D:Heredity，prenatal development and diet are some of the factors that are important. The body chemistry of an individual and particularly of the mouth and saliva are also important.遺傳，出身前的發(fā)育狀況和食物都是重要的因素。 造成蛀牙有許多復(fù)雜的原因。 D:Your teeth are very susceptible to decay. The reasons for increased caries susceptibility in certain patients aren’t fully understood by dental scientists. There are many plicated factors involved in the formation of dental caries.你是容易患蛀牙的。ll put a lining under the amalgam to insulate the tooth against temperature sensitivity.28The tooth may be sensitive to cold for a while.29Do you feel a high spot on that filling when you close your teeth together?Part 4第四章An Explanation of Dental Caries有關(guān)齲齒的解釋P:Why do I have so many cavities，Doctor? It seems that every time I go to the dentist，there are at least three or four new ones. Many of my fillings have been replaced two or three times.醫(yī)生，為什麼我有這麼多蛀牙？好象是每次去看醫(yī)生至少發(fā)現(xiàn)三，兩顆性的蛀牙。t move.23The Xrays will be developed in five minutes.24The decay was very close to the pulp.25There39。t bite your tongue or lip.14Tell me if it39。ll put in a temporary filling (Treatment filling sedative restoration).8.This filling is broken into two pieces.9.A plastic filling wouldn39。 不用擔(dān)心， 我認為你不會有什么麻煩摸的。 就像我先前所說， 因為蛀牙洞深了， 牙髓還是有壞死的可能。ll have any trouble.至少在八個小時內(nèi)不要用你嘴巴的這一邊咬東西， 這樣補上的東西就會有時間變的結(jié)實。t worry. I don39。ll polish it during your next appointment. As I said before, there39。D:Don39。 就是這樣， 補好了。s it.