【正文】 A spring mattress is fortable to slee。 注意：在這種結構中，如果不定式是不及物動詞，則必須加上結構或含義所需的介詞。 The water is not fit to drink. 這水不適于飲用。這類形容詞有easy, hard, cheap, expensive, dangerous, difficult, funny, fit, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, simple, strange, useful等。 John was happy to be given the job. 約翰得到這份工作很高興。這類形容詞有able, afraid, angry, anxious, careful, clever, content, cruel, determined, disappointed, eager, foolish, fortunate, frightened, happy, impatient, glad, lucky, naughty, prepared, proud, ready, slow, shocked, sorry, surprised, willing等。 （3）作形容詞的賓語不定式作形容詞的賓語有兩種句型，一個是句子的主語是不定式的邏輯主語，另一個是句子的主語是不定式的邏輯賓語。t help but laugh at his 。do nothing but 只能cannot but禁不住……do anything but決不cannot choose but只得……cannot help but不得不His father could do nothing but wait for the doctor to arrive.We would do anything but confess(承認)our 。注意：①如果此時謂語動詞含有do的各種形式，不定式要省去to.I have done nothing except eat and sleep this week.I couldn39。 The teacher made no ments except to tell him to work hard. 老師除了叫他努力學習外，未做任何評價。如：I hoped to have met you at the airport, but I was too busy. = I had hoped to meet you at the airport, but I was too busy. I intended to have called on you.= I had intended to call on you. 我原想來拜訪你的。如：The meeting being over，we all left the room. Weather permitting，they will go and visit the zoo. So many friends being absent，we decided to put off the party. She looked at her father，tears rolling down her cheeks. He lay on his back，his hands crossed under his head.注意：獨立主格結構不僅僅只有分詞的獨立主格結構，還包括由不定式、形容詞、副詞或介詞構成的獨立主格結構。s）waiting for help. He insisted on me/my going to help her. I know nothing about the window being open. Haven’t you forgotten Mary and her mother doing everything to help you out when you were in trouble？3. 分詞的獨立主格結構結構及用法： 一般說來，分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語為句子的主語，但如果分詞帶上了與句子主語不同的屬于自己的邏輯主語（名詞（普通格）/代詞主格）作狀語時，分詞及其邏輯主語一起稱為分詞的獨立主格結構。s ing late made her parents angry. Would you mind my opening the window？注意：在口語中，當動名詞的復合結構在句中作賓語，特別是當它作介詞的賓語時，動名詞復合結構中的名詞所有格可以用名詞普通格代替，形容詞性物主代詞也可以用代詞賓格代替；同時，當動名詞的邏輯主語是無生命的事物名詞或較長的名詞詞組時，只能用名詞的普通格而不能用名詞的所有格形式。s）+ doing...”，動名詞的邏輯主語是名詞所有格或名詞性物主代詞，這一結構在句中可以作主語或賓語。如：For him to get there on time is possible. I found it hard for them to finish the work in such a short time. Their hope is for Mary to live with them. There will be a lot of difficulties for them to overe. The poem is too hard for me to understand.（2）、“It is + 形容詞 + for/of sb. to do sth.”結構中for和of的判定：在這種結構中，如果作表語的形容詞能夠說明sb的品格、品質(zhì)時用of.，否則用for.如：It is kind of you to do it. It is easy for him to do it. 2. 動名詞的復合結構結構及用法：動名詞的復合結構為“名詞所有格（n39。如：The missing boy was last seen playing near the river. （作主語補足語） The soldier39。s rest.賓語補足語與主語補足語： 含不定式作賓語補足語的句子變成被動語態(tài)時，充當賓語補足語的不定式變成了主語補足語。s rest. The doctor advised us to take a week39。如：He often made us copy the were often made to copy the text.3. advise，allow，permit，forbid等動詞的后面接動名詞作賓語，但有名詞或代詞作賓語時，接不定式作賓語補足語，注意他們的被動式結構。用現(xiàn)在分詞singing，表示正在唱歌） I’d like to see the plan carried out soon. (表示一個被動動作)I heard an English song being sung by a little girl when I passed by her room yesterday.（表示一個正在進行的被動動作）2. 使役動詞make, let ,have, get的賓語補足語時，情況各不相同：（1）let + 賓語 + do （讓……做……） let + 賓語 + be done （讓……被做）（let后面不用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語）如：Don’t let your children play with matches. Let the work be done immediately.（2）make + 賓語 + do （讓……做……） make + 賓語 + done （讓……被做）如：He often made us copy the text. I tried to make me understood by my gestures.（make后面不用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語）（3）have + 賓語 + do （讓……做……） have + 賓語 + doing （讓……持續(xù)地做……） have + 賓語 + done （讓……被做）(have + 賓語 + doing結構用于否定句中表示“容忍”)如：Mother had me go to the shop and bought some salt. He has me moving towards the door. I’ll have my bike repaired tomorrow. I won’t have you speaking to your mother like that.（4）get + 賓語 + to do （讓……做……） get + 賓語 + doing （讓……開始做……） get + 賓語 + done （讓……被做）(get后面接帶to的不定式作賓語補足語)如：Mother got me to go to the shop and bought some salt. He gets me moving towards the door. I’ll get my bike repaired tomorrow. 以上使役動詞既可接不帶to的不定式（get除外）作賓語補足語（變被動語態(tài)時必須帶上to），又可以接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語（let, make除外），還可以接過去分詞作賓語補足語。如：Just then he heard someone sing in the next room.（就在那時，他聽見有人在隔壁屋子里唱了歌。（1）see + 賓語 + do （看見……做了……）（2）see + 賓語 + doing （看見……正在做……）（3）see + 賓語 + done （看見……被做）（4）see + 賓語 + being done （看見……正在被做）以上感官動詞既可接不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語（變被動語態(tài)時必須帶上to），又可以接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語（主動式和被動式均可），還可以接過去分詞作賓語補足語。 hear, listen to。如：I asked him to go out. I saw him going out. He will be seen to be punished tomorrow. He was seen to have finished doing it. I found the children looked after well. 3. 不同的非謂語形式作賓語補足語時與謂語動詞的時間關系不同：“不定式的一般式”作賓語補足語表示“將發(fā)生”或“與謂語動詞全過程同時，“不定式的完成式”作賓語補足語表示“比謂語動詞早”；“及物動詞的過去分詞”作賓語補足語表示“比謂語早、同時或更晚”；“不及物動詞的過去分詞”作賓語補足語表示“比謂語早或已經(jīng)完成”。如：She felt her heart beating very fast. Don39。如：Yesterday he asked me to help him. I once heard him sing this song. Have you heard this song sung before?1. 不同動詞接不同的非謂語動詞作賓語補足語：（1）下列動詞常接不定式作賓語補足語①、ask，tell，teach，like，love，want，would like，help，wish，use，show，invite，encourage，attract，get，choose，order，force，permit，allow + sb + to do結構；②、think, consider, find, feel, suppose, believe, imagine, prove + sb + to be結構；(consider, find, feel, make + it + adj + to do結構；注意此結構與上面結構不同，此結構中，it作形式賓語，不定式作真正賓語，而不是賓語補足語)如：I asked him to give me a cup of tea. Peter wanted me to help him.All of us considered him to be a good friend. He imagined himself to be a scientist.I found it easy to answer the question. We consider it a waste of time to go on with the project.特別注意：hope, agree, demand, suggest等詞沒有賓語補足語。t you read？”Mary said A to the notice. A、angrily pointing B、and point angrily C、angrily pointed D、and angrily pointing 此題考查了現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。European football is played in 80 countries， A it the most popular sport in the world. A、making B、makes C、made D、to make 此題考查了現(xiàn)在分詞作結果狀語。如：Lost in