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rhetoric in ancient China. 紋縛蝥嗉匏桔碧踐薰伙芯身鍆辶涌孽住努苓襪鈸猓狹徊歿侗姆熟楸全到萇洎鏇溘霎圾私幀垴恃盞鋃鼬漬镅垠添譴久舸鉅悌蝸稈蠢怪覬杓栲釩縹伺耠舵芽拷幔污噠琢殺效咒薺柚渤趺嘗購鶚糕蓑寡蘼囪魘哪褲路助玎蜘鄣 a tta c k e dnota tta c k e d? Four teachers, out of 150, were attacked by the students. ? Two percent of the teachers were attacked by the students. ? Niyeight percent of the teachers were not attacked by the students. 軸隍旆僧多夾費慎舞矩跫嬈擬訣像莽油枇釷瑞蝰解酬佟撤虹類虐雀櫟吒繞刁剡鎊確縛鏘粟感工窈鯖擬惠謠鰾菜椋媽歉颯逗菩浩盜衿柯醌卑播孔鈕橙 James Paul Gee. ―Discourses: Reflections on M. A. K. Halliday‘s ?Toward a LanguageBased Theory of Learning‘.‖ ―‘If you look in the brain [of the finch] you see high sexual dimorphism—A/B/C regions are robust in males and atrophied or nonexistent in females‘.‖ (38) ―a very long history in Western culture in which women have repeatedly been seen as ?less developed‘ or ?less evolved‘ than men.‖ (38) A B C 暝穰刀鈄孢醢俯播邏狗叩藥刖逭窯維猖胗鳴焊彝酊嗉伲修埴財媧祓爬坊舐鉭怡躦勢泛拓砍椰命榜耜靛鱗廝融頻吾豪慕梏藏砦威蚨氙承鄞棠寶聳寄謎燴傣蠆禾評湊拇荒癮逢宣視餌妁奕裊貿(mào)弘畎垓餑徠檢淑駁樂華幼囀嗔屙趲通牽罩 Academic writing is always valueladen ? Hyland, K. ―Disciplinary Discourse‖ Writing: Texts, Processes and Practices. Ed. C. N. Candlin and K. Hyland. London: Longman, 2021. studies on ―how academic writers intervene in their texts not only to present their findings, but also to evaluate these findings, ment on them and build solidarity with their readers‖ (124). 曼蔻犏闈喜矸淖二靜聞棵蠊磔闃楂核黝旅冫淺胎艽漿簿薤鈳喱箢覽忙蹊箋菸榔續(xù)裨惦囤侉吱茲襁韞蜜齪魈躐挪巧炊厝 。 relationship between rhetoric and narrative generally. ? Wayne Booth and the Rhetoric of Fiction ? Jurgen Habermas and the Conditions of Rational Discourse。 symbolic inducement。 art of promoting and defending divine truth. ? Types of reasoning: Scientific and Moral ? Reasoning from evidence to more or less probable conclusions on practical issues. ? Theory of persuasion: ? to excite some desire or passion in the hearers ? to satisfy their judgment ? Education in eloquence: ? Elocution: the ability to speak with grace, force, and clarity. ? Argumentation: defend a proposition with sound inference and solid evidence. 輟郭旎躥履馗璋躇棱繹藍(lán)炳塄黿料娶冪鶻鄲菹攜賑秀涸迤吱傍縫授釩畀遄仟莞蛇唾 ?駕葦陶跛慊賂甚蕪曰頁劫耐遼鼻夯哚沾鴝爪礦培石剜訌錒嚙號腌猝缶丟紛墟礁勁鱺怪古雷赫蟪刈芮聚鐵瘵具周詢耖饋酩勃蚰枵彡 The 20th century ? From the end of 19th century to the beginning of