【正文】 請您刪除一 下內(nèi)容， O(∩_∩)O謝謝?。。?2021 年中央電大期末復習考試小抄大全，電大期末考試必備小抄，電大考試必過小抄 Shanghai’s Suzhou Creek has witnessed much of the city’s history. Zhou Wenting travels this storied body of water and finds its most fascinating spots. Some lucky cities can boast a great body of water, like London with the river Thames and Paris with the river Seine. Shanghai is privileged enough to have two great bodies of water: Huangpu River and Suzhou River became famous when colonists established clusters of grand buildings on its banks on what became known as the bund. Today, the bund overlooks the breathtaking skyline of Lujiazui financial district. Shanghai’s other body of water, however, Suzhou Creek, has been somewhat overshadowed. Suzhou Creek links the inland cities of Jiangsu province with Shanghai. When the British colonists, who arrived in the city after it was opened as a mercial port in 1843 found they could reach Suzhou, Jiangsu province, via the creek, they named it Suzhou Creek. Thanks to its location, a large amount of cargo and travelers were transported via the creek before rail links were established. But after a century of being utilized as a waterway to transport goods and labor, the creek grew dark and smelly. Industrial factories were established along the banks. In the 1990s it became a key task of the city government to clean the creek. Suzhou Creek, which snakes 17 km from the iconic Waibaidu Bridge downtown to the outer ring road in west Shanghai, maps the changing periods of the city’s history, including the imprints of the concessions, the beginning of industrialization and the improvement in people’s living conditions. Where the Bund began Inbetween the shopping street of East Nanjing Road and the Bund, are a cluster of streets that give me the illusion that I am no longer in modern Shanghai. The streets are narrow and old and criss cross each other. Any old residential house may turn out to be a former office of the British, constructed in the 1880s. Pawnshops and hardware stores that are hard to find elsewhere, are plentiful here. This area, at the confluence of Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek, is called the Bund Origin. Countless tour buses stop at the site every day and visitors from around the world get off to see this place, the starting point of the concessions in the city. It all started in 1872, when the former British Consulate General was constructed and the Bund began its transformation into an the financial street of the East. Now the site of the former consulate is called “No 1 Waitanyuan”, which translates to “the Bund Origin”, to honor its beginnings. The entire plex of this historical site prises of five buildings, the former British Consulate General, the official residence of the consul, the former Union Church, the church apartments and the former Shanghai Rowing Club. The size of the courtyard is equivalent to that of four standard soccer fields. The building of the former consulate is a twostorey masonry building on an Hshaped plan in typical English renaissance style. The building is designed with a fivearch verandah on the ground floor with a raised terrace facing the garden, while the facade features an entry portico beneath a colonnaded loggia. It has been turned into a caf233。 采用分段轉(zhuǎn)換時，通常有兩種方式： 4．簡述系統(tǒng)維護和系統(tǒng)評價的內(nèi)容。一般比較大的系統(tǒng)采用這種轉(zhuǎn)換方式較為適宜。其缺點是在平行運行期間，要兩套班子或兩種處理方式同時并存，因而人力和費用消耗較大。 采用平行轉(zhuǎn)換的優(yōu)點是風險較小，在轉(zhuǎn)換期間還可同時比較新、舊兩個系統(tǒng)的性能，讓系統(tǒng)操作員和其他有關人員得到全面培訓。 平行轉(zhuǎn)換：平行轉(zhuǎn)換就是新系統(tǒng)和原有系統(tǒng)平行工作一段時間，經(jīng)過這段時間的試運行后，再用新系統(tǒng)正式替代原有系統(tǒng)。 3．系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)換有哪些方式？各自有什么特點？ 系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)換方式通常有三種： 轉(zhuǎn)換：直接轉(zhuǎn)換是在 原有系統(tǒng)停止運行時，新系統(tǒng)立刻投入運行，中間沒有過渡階段。 其次，沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤的測試也是有價值的，完整的測試是評定測試質(zhì)量的一種方法。 循環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu)的示意圖如所示： 2．簡述系統(tǒng)測試的目的以及系統(tǒng)測試的分類。 （圖略） 分支結(jié)構(gòu)：分支結(jié)構(gòu)是根據(jù)判斷給定的條件成立與否，轉(zhuǎn)向執(zhí)行不同的 程序路徑的結(jié)構(gòu)，如下圖所示。 順序結(jié)構(gòu)：順序結(jié)構(gòu)的程序，始終按照語句排列的先后次序，一條接一條地依次執(zhí)行。 概述、系統(tǒng)設計規(guī)范、計算機系統(tǒng)的配置、系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)、代碼設計、輸入設計、輸出設計、數(shù)據(jù)庫設計、模型庫和方法庫設計、系統(tǒng)安全保密性設計、系統(tǒng)實施方案及說明。 5．數(shù)據(jù)庫設計的主要步驟什么？ 通常數(shù)據(jù)庫設計的內(nèi)容包括以下四個部分。 SD方法的優(yōu)點 簡化問題的解決、縮短開發(fā)周期、易于修改和系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化、便于理解系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)、有利于工作量與成本的估算。 ②自頂向下地逐步分解：這一思想指明了模塊劃分工作的層次性，即應先設計頂層結(jié)構(gòu)，再逐步細化。 ⑤編寫程序設計說明書：程序說明書是為程序設計人員編寫的，使其能按設計說明書的內(nèi)容編寫程序。 ③輸入輸出設計：設計輸入輸出的方式與格式，便于數(shù)據(jù)處理和用戶使用。這一階段內(nèi)容包括： ①代碼設計：對系統(tǒng)中需要處理的各種信息進行統(tǒng)一分類編碼，確定代碼對象和編碼方式，以實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)資源共享，