【正文】 8．閱讀理解 故選D。所以短文主要是圍繞著海洋氧含量下降而展開的。 （4）考查主旨大意。故判斷出海洋脫氧改變了一些動(dòng)物的自然領(lǐng)地。這些調(diào)整可能使動(dòng)物暴露在新的掠食者面前，或迫使它們進(jìn)入食物匱乏的地區(qū)。 （3）考查推理判斷。所以表面的極地冰水阻止氧氣下沉是海洋缺氧的原因之一。這個(gè)過程會(huì)形成一種冰蓋，它可以防止水流將地表水混合到海洋更深的深度。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。所以根據(jù)前兩段，科學(xué)家最擔(dān)心的是變暖的海洋中日益惡化的脫氧現(xiàn)象。一些最近的研究表明，在過去的50年里，一些熱帶地區(qū)的氧氣含量下降了驚人的40%。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。The Ocean Is Running Out of Breath【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了海洋氧含量下降是一個(gè)與氣候變化有關(guān)的令人擔(dān)憂的趨勢(shì)。Ocean Warming Affects Food WebC.The Oxygen Levels of Marine LifeNot all ocean animals are bothered by the decreasing oxygen levels.D. natural territories.B.Salty water holds less gas in the increasingly warmer ocean.（3）What can be inferred from the passage? A.Global warming reduces the amount of oxygen in the air.C.The lack of attention to the warming of tropical oceans.（2）Which of the following is a reason for the oxygen loss in the ocean? A.The survival of predators and various marine animals.C. Aside from food web problems, animals face various other physiological challenges as their bodies adjust to lower oxygen levels. Chinese shrimp (蝦) move their tails less vigorously to preserve energy in lower oxygen environments. Some creatures, such as jellyfishes, are more tolerant of low oxygen than others are. But all animals will feel the impact of deoxygenation because they all have evolved their oxygen capacity for a reason, says Oschlies. Any drop in oxygen is going to damage survivability and performance, he says.（1）According to the first two paragraphs, what worries scientists the most? A. A warming ocean loses oxygen for two reasons: First, the warmer a liquid bees, the less gas it can hold. That is why carbonated drinks go flat faster when left in the sun. Second, as polar sea ice melts, it forms a layer of water above colder, more salty sea waters. This process creates a sort of lid that can keep currents from mixing surface water down to deeper depths. And because all oxygen enters the surface, less mixing means less of it at depth. Escaping predators (食肉動(dòng)物), digestion and other animal activities—including those of humans—require oxygen. But that essential ingredient is no longer so easy for marine life to obtain, several new studies reveal. 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，代詞指代，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。根據(jù)第三段中的“But for us to notice the remaining green light, it needs to hit something that reflects green light much better than red. That39。s still some green and even blue light hidden in there, just far less than the other colors.”可知，選A。 （3）考查代詞指代。根據(jù)第二段中的“Daytime skies are blue because blue shorter wavelengths of visible light tend to bounce off （反 射）air molecules better than red longer wavelength light.”可知，白天天空是藍(lán)色,因?yàn)樗{(lán)色短的波長(zhǎng)的可見光會(huì)反射空氣分子比紅色的長(zhǎng)波長(zhǎng)光。s a mon piece of celestial （天上的）fortunetelling that green skies mean a tornado is on its way.”和最后一段中的“Still, none of the conditions that can turn skies green are unique to the clouds that produce tornadoes. Sometimes they just lead to lots of rain, and maybe some hail.”可知，本文主要話題是關(guān)注綠色的天空是否意味著即將來臨的龍卷風(fēng)展開的，故選B。 （1）考查主旨大意。There are only red and orange lights in the sunsets.D.Storm clouds are made of water droplets and green light.B.D.Blue light.B.The sunset.Because blue light is bounced all over the sky.D.Because only blue light can be bounced in the daytime.B.A Common Piece of Celestial FortunetellingD.Why Do the Central United States Get TornadoesB.t necessarily mean there39。 Big tall threatening storm clouds are made of water droplets, and even though water is best at reflecting blue light, it can still reflect green pretty well, much better than reds and oranges, so under just the right conditions, the water in and around a cloud can bounce the green light hidden in the sunset right into our eyes making the sky look green.s still some green and even blue light hidden in there, just far less than the other colors. But for us to notice the remaining green light, it needs to hit something that reflects green light much better than red. That39。 Daytime skies are blue because blue shorter wavelengths of visible light tend to bounce off （反射）air molecules better than red longer wavelength light. So the blue light gets bounced all over the sky and looks like it39。s a mon piece of celestial （天上的）fortunetelling that green skies mean a tornado is on its way. Research has shown that it isn39。6．犇犇閱讀理解 是一篇環(huán)境保護(hù)類閱讀，因此選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“It39?？芍xB。根據(jù)第四段中的“Some are harmed visibly, stuck by abandoned things made of plastic. Many more are probably harmed invisibly.”一些明顯受到傷害，被塑料制成的廢棄物品卡住了。”他們的塑料廢物很可能在四百年后仍會(huì)存在，可知 作者提到the Pilgrims是為了說明塑料廢物對(duì)海洋有持久的影響，故選D。 （1）考查推理判斷。D.An environmental report.B.People should avoid using plastics to protect the ocean.（4）From which is the text probably taken? A.It39。t know the solution of plastics waste.B.Treating plastics as food.（3）What does Ted Siegler want to tell us in the last paragraph? A.Being stuck by plastics.C.s the main trouble marine animals face according to the text? A.To tell the Pilgrims contributed a lot to the marine protection.D.To prove plastic was difficult to invent.B.t know what the solution is, says Ted Siegler, a Vermont resource economist who has spent more than 25 years working with developing nations on garbage. We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle. It39。 This isn39。s attention with a rough estimate between million and 14 million tons of plastic waste each year just e from coastal regions. No one knows how much unrecycled plastic waste ends up in the ocean, the earth39。 Because plastic wasn39。 If plastic had been invented when the Pilgrims sailed from Plymouth, England, to North Americaand their Mayflower had been stocked with bottled water and plastic wrapped snacks, their plastic wast