【正文】 To introduce the rules on w。To plain about rubbish dividing.B. no one wants to look bad.（1）What39。 Shanghai authorities are responding to obvious environmental problem. It produces 9 million tons of garbage a year. But like other cities in china, it lacks a recycling system. Instead, it has relied on rubbish pickers to pick out whatever can be reused. This has limits. As people get wealthier, fewer of them want to do such dirty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up. China produces 80 billion pairs of oneoff chopsticks a year. s rubbish. 9．閱讀理解 故選D。工作。 （4）考查推理判斷。 Why is the work important?部分中的“it would be something students would start learning at the most basic levels of biology education”它將是學生在最基礎的生物教育階段就開始學習的東西，可知Randall Johnson稱這項研究是很典型的發(fā)現(xiàn)，是教科書式的發(fā)現(xiàn)。 （3）考查詞義猜測?？芍┘毎O法攫取氧氣并需要氧氣來發(fā)育。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解?？芍@項研究之所以獲得諾貝爾獎，主要是因為它揭示了細胞如何感知和響應氧氣水平的變化。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。Science【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，介紹了2019年諾貝爾生理學或醫(yī)學獎聯(lián)合授予了三位科學家，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了細胞如何感知并適應氧氣變化的含量。TechnologyCultureEntertainmentD.typical as a perfect exampleB.The genetic mechanisms have been found that allow oxygen to adapt to cells.（3）Which of the following can best explain the underlined word in the text? A.Cancer cells manage to hijack oxygen and need oxygen to develop.C.various diseases will be cured with the help of the findings of the research（2）We can learn from the passage that _____________. A.oxygen is the lifeblood of living thingsC. The research also has implications for treating various diseases in which oxygen is in short supply — including anemia, heart attacks and strokes — as well as for treatment of cancers that are fed by and seek out oxygen.（1）This research has won the Nobel Prize mainly because ____________. A. This is a basic aspect of how a cell works, and I think from that standpoint alone it39。 Why is the work important?t survive. But too much or too little oxygen can be deadly. The three researchers tried to answer this question: How do cells regulate their responses? Why did they win? (The New York Times, ) The 2019 Nobel Prize in physiology(生理學) or medicine was jointly awarded to three scientists — William G. Kaelin Jr., Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza — for their work on how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability. The Nobel Assembly announced the prize at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm on Monday. 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷，句義猜測和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。 因此，我們更有理由教導下一代，對周圍的人抱有同理心意味著什么。根據(jù)第一段中的”This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.“故選D。他們學習如何滿足他人的情感需求，他們被錨定在他們所接受的東西上，這意味著當需求出現(xiàn)時，他們有足夠的安全感去給予他人，但首先他們需要接受。 （3）考查句義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的”While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them.“雖然有些孩子天生就有一顆善良的心，但在大多數(shù)情況下，孩子們需要看到他們周圍成年人的同情心。故選A。因此，我們更有理由教導下一代，對周圍的人抱有同理心意味著什么。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。s a must to talk to kids about emotions. should set an example to kids. give empathy with their emotional needs met first.（4）What is the main topic of the passage? to train kids to have empathy. to distinguish sympathy and empathy. to help kids finish empathyrelated tasks. kids can be trained to be more empathetic.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，在一個強調(diào)自我滿足的世界里，我們更有理由教導下一代，對周圍的人抱有同理心意味著什么。Because it39。Because everyone lacks empathy.C.Because people tend to center themselves. It39。 Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy—While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them. It begins with the way parents relate to their children. Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy.s feelings。 Empathy (同理心)is one of those strange qualities—something almost everyone wants, but few know how to truly give or receive it. In a world where selfsatisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them. 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和句義猜測兩個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。根據(jù)最后一段中的”O(jiān)n Sunday, October 17, I went up my favorite trail, Jewell, to end my life. Weather was to be bad. Thought no one else would be there. I was dressed to go quickly.”可知，約翰這天選擇這條線路去登山的目的是在沒人看見的情況下結(jié)束自己的生命，所以他穿的很少，以便快速行走。故選D。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Bales added even more layers, including a jacket to protect herself from the cold winds and heavy ，由此推斷劃線部分的意思是“天氣正在變得更糟”。一周后才知道那人名叫約翰，當時準備自殺。s hiking? challenge his limit. go up his favorite trail. donate some money to rescue group. kill himself without being discovered.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，貝爾斯在天氣惡劣時去登山，無意發(fā)現(xiàn)一串往危險區(qū)域行進的腳印，她知道有人陷入了困境。 Bales wouldn39。d add risk and time to the route she39。t given them much thought, because so many people climbed Jewell Trail. But these, she realized, had been made by a pair of sneakers. She silently scolded the absent hiker for breaking normal safety rules and walked on. At 10:30 ., the weather was showing its teeth. Bales added even more layers, including a jacket to protect herself from the cold winds and heavy fog. She made her way across the snow—covered ridge toward Mount Washington and began to think about calling it a day. Then she noticed something: a single set of footprints in the snow ahead of her. She39。 It was just before 8 . on October 17, 39。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。t make sense for people to own or drive their own cars in the ing decades.“和下文所講述的內(nèi)容可知，本文主要圍繞將來人們不用再擁有和駕駛車輛展開。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第五