【正文】 如果主句用現(xiàn)在的某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)，賓語從句視實(shí)際情況而定。 I don?t have enough time to study for the test , so I have something to worry about. I need a room to live in 不定式作賓語： want, refuse, wish, need, choose, hope, agree, would like, offer, expect, decide, ask + to do sth I hope to find a good job after graduating from school. 不定式作賓補(bǔ)： tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage + sb (not) to do sth My mother asks me not to play puter games before finishing homework. 不帶 to 的不定式 : why not + do …? Had better (not) do sth. Would better (not) do… Could/Would/Will you (not) do…..? 另外，有些感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞也不帶 to: Hear, see, watch, notice, feel, let, make, have + sb (not) do …. 但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)，要加 to The boss made them work the whole day. They were made to work the whole day. （被動(dòng)） 感嘆句 （一） what 引導(dǎo) what + a/an + adj +可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) +主語 +謂語 What a beautiful girl she is ! what + adj +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)、不可數(shù)名詞 +主語 +謂語 What sweet water it is ! （二） how 引導(dǎo) How +adj / adv +主語 +謂語 How interesting the film is ! （三）如何判斷用 what 還是 how 凡是有 a / an 開頭，多用 what； 凡是 adj 直接加名詞的，多用 what，其他一般用 how. 狀語從句 一、 時(shí)間狀語從句 when, while , as, before, after, since, until, as soon as. (1) 當(dāng)主語是一般將來時(shí)或祈使句或有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)， “主將從現(xiàn) ” I?ll ring you as soon as I get to school. 我一到學(xué)校就打電話給你。 where is your father ? he has gone to Shanghai. have/has been in… 已經(jīng)在某地（呆了多久） My family have been in Chengdu for 20 years (6) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 結(jié)構(gòu) was / were + doing 用法 ① 表示過去某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 what were you doing at 9:30 last night? I was watching TV. when 一般接一般過去時(shí) I was doing my homework when my father came home. while 一般接進(jìn)行時(shí) While my mother was cleaning, I went out. He was playing basketball while she was reading books. （ 7）過去完成時(shí) 過去完成時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間以前好或過去某個(gè)動(dòng)作以前，已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 I have already finished my work. yet 一般用于否定或疑問句。其構(gòu)成： will + V 原 肯定句： They will leave for Shanghai next week. 否定句： We won?t visit him tomorrow. 疑問句： Will you go to Shanghai in two weeks? (注：當(dāng)主語為 I 或 we 時(shí)，問句中可用 shall) where shall we meet tomorrow? ② be going to+ V 原 表示計(jì)劃、打算做 某事。 We visited the museum last week. My friend Tom went to the beach yesterday. 疑問句： Did+主語 + V 原 …… ？ Did you go shopping with him? Did she cook dinner for her family? 否定句：主語 +didn?t+ V原 …… He didn?t go to see the movie last Sunday. 動(dòng)詞的規(guī)則變化。 ( if, as soon as, until, when) If it rains tomorrow, we won?t go to the park. When I grow up, I?ll go to Paris. 時(shí)間狀語： Always, often, sometimes, usually, on Sunday, on Monday afternoon, every day/month/year/week, in the morning, once a year, twice a day, three times a day 等 ⑵ 一般過去時(shí)。 肯定句： 主語 +V 原 +其他。不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，要用延續(xù)動(dòng)詞替換。 I?ve kept this book for a week. 我已經(jīng)借了這本書一周了 三十八、 wonder = want to know 想知道 三十九、 trouble 打擾、麻煩 have trouble / difficult / problem / a hard time + doing sth 做某事很困難 四十、 in order to …… 為了 ….. In order not to be late , he rush to the bus stop. 四十一、 be supposed to do sth（不）應(yīng)該做某事 .. 四十二、 drop by 順便拜訪 四十三、 after all 畢竟 撿起，挑選 pick up 指著 point at make a noise 制造噪音 沿著 …. 一直走 ….walk down … 四十四、 make 的用法 make + adj make sb do sth (hear, watch, see, have 等用法相同 ) （但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)， 其后加 to My mother made me to work 5 hours. I was made to work 5 hours. 四十五、 make mistake 犯錯(cuò) 四十六、辨析 except / besides except （除 ….. 之外） Everyone went to the beach except Jim. besides （除 …. 之外，包括在內(nèi)） I have a lot of friends besides Mary. 四十七、 find(think) it + adj + to do 、認(rèn)為做某事是 …… 四十八、不再 ….. not ……any more ( any longer) = no more ( no longer) 語法專項(xiàng) 動(dòng)詞的分類和時(shí)態(tài) 一、 動(dòng)詞短語。 數(shù)詞 + hundred / thousand / million / billion 幾百、幾千、幾百萬、幾十億 二十五、 marry sb 嫁給（某人） get married 和（某人）結(jié)婚 二十六、 sell out 賣完 sell – sold – sold 二十七、 there be 句型中的 be 動(dòng)詞用 is 還是 are ，取決于靠近它的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。 such + a/an + adj + n +that 從句 Mary is such a young girl that she can?t go to school. such + adj+不可數(shù)名詞、復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that 從句 3)so 修飾強(qiáng)調(diào) adj 或 adv. so + adj / adv + that 從句 He is so clever that he can work out all the problems. 4）當(dāng)名詞由 many, much, few, little 修飾時(shí)，只能用 so so many/ few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) +that 從句 so much/ little+不可數(shù)名詞 +that 從句 There are so much time that I can play with friends. 5) too…to… = not… enough to …. = so….. that…. 二十三、短語。 and 或 both …and… 連接兩個(gè)或三個(gè)名詞作主語 ， 謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 （主將從現(xiàn)， 主過從過） If it doesn?t rain, we?ll go fishing. Unless you see a doctor, you shouldn?t take the medicine. 十四、提供。的 ”；加 ing 的修飾物 “令人。 I like singing than dancing. 寧愿做 … 而不愿做 ….. 1） would rather do sth than do sth. 2） would like to do sth, than do sth 3） prefer to do sth rather than do sth 4） prefer doing to doing 八、害怕做某事 be afraid of doing sth = be terrified of doing sth = be scared of doing sth be afraid to do sth 九、 win 贏得比賽、演講、地位、榮譽(yù) beat 擊敗某人、某隊(duì) 十、辨別 noise 噪音 Don?t make any noise ! voice 人的嗓音 He has a good voice. sound 泛指各種聲音 The sound of car is too loud. 十一、 taste ，嘗起來 ，品味 系動(dòng)詞 taste , smell , look , sound , feel + adj 十二、語法。（指三者以上中的任何一個(gè)） 十一、 get in the way of ……. 妨礙 ….. 十二、 On….team . 在 … 隊(duì)里 He is on the school soccer team. 十三、 happen 出乎意料的發(fā)生 take place 有計(jì)劃的發(fā)生 兩者都沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài) This accident has taken place for 5 years. 十四、 be serious about + n/ pre / doing 對(duì) …. 很認(rèn)真 十五、 succeed (in) doing sth 成功地做某事 success n. successful adj Unit 4 一、數(shù)詞 +hundred/thousand/million/billion 幾百 /千 /百萬 /十 億 hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+ of 成百的 /千的 /百萬的 /十億的 二、辨析 bring / take / fetch / carry 三、 If I were you,