【正文】 s development gradually MCU has its objective factors. MCU in the development, the most famous manufacturers when the number of Philips Corporation. Philips in embedded applications for its enormous advantages, the MCS51 from the rapid development of singlechip microputer to the microcontroller. Therefore, when we look back at the path of development of embedded systems, Intel and Philips do not fet the historical merits. 3. Singlechip is an independent embedded systems development, to the MCU an important factor in the development stage, is seeking applications to maximize the onchip solution。s series of singlechip market, the result will be different! Simply because the adoption of singlechip preparation process you can achieve high intelligence, high efficiency and high reliability! Because of the cost of singlechip is sensitive, so the dominant software or the lowest level assembly language, which is in addition to the lowest level for more than binary machine code of the language, since such a lowlevel so why should we use? Many of the senior39。s close on the heels of a special processor, while the ordinary price of the model dropped to one . dollars, the most highend models, only 10 . dollars. Contemporary singlechip microputer system is no longer only the baremetal environment in the development and use of a large number of dedicated embedded operating system is widely used in the full range of singlechip microputer. In PDAs and cell phones as the core processing of highend singlechip or even a dedicated direct access to Windows and Linux operating systems. More than a dedicated singlechip processor suitable for embedded systems, so it was up to the application. In fact the number of singlechip is the world39。s habit. When set up the stack zone, does not mean that the region bee a special memory, it can still use the same memory region as normal, but generally the programmer does not regard it as an ordinary memory used. 1 The definition of a singlechip Singlechip is an integrated on a single chip a plete puter system. Even though most of his features in a small chip, but it has a need to plete the majority of puter ponents: CPU, memory, internal and external bus system, most will have the Core. At the same time, such as integrated munication interfaces, timers, realtime clock and other peripheral equipment. And now the most powerful singlechip microputer system can even voice, image, working, input and output plex system integration on a single chip. Also known as singlechip MCU (Microcontroller), because it was first used in the field of industrial control. Only by the singlechip CPU chip developed from the dedicated processor. The design concept is the first by a large number of peripherals and CPU in a single chip, the puter system so that smaller, more easily integrated into the plex and demanding on the volume control devices. INTEL the Z80 is one of the first design in accordance with the idea of the processor, From then on, the MCU and the development of a dedicated processor parted ways. Early singlechip 8bit or all of the four. One of the most successful is INTEL39。 PUSH 39。this unit , and in 0000 39。s instructions, and when the MCU execution to the instruction, the also make into a high, but users will not do so because this is usually will cause the system to collapse. Fourth, the program39。no39。139。 Therefore, the development of dedicated single chip SoC trend of the natural form. As the microelectronics, IC design, EDA tools development, application system based on MCU SoC design have greater development. Therefore, the understanding of the microcontroller chip microputer can be, extended to the singlechip microcontroller applications. MCU applications MCU Description 5 SCM now permeate all areas of our lives, which is almost difficult to find traces of the field without SCM. Missile navigation equipment, aircraft, all types of instrument control, puter work munications and data transmission, industrial automation, realtime process control and data processing, extensive use of various smart IC card, civilian luxury car security system, video recorder, camera, fully automatic washing machine control, and programcontrolled toys, electronic pet, etc., which are inseparable from the microcontroller. Not to mention the area of robot control, intelligent instruments, medical equipment was. Therefore, the MCU learning, development and application of the large number of puter applications and intelligent control of the scientists, engineers. SCM is widely used in instruments and meters, household appliances, medical equipment, aerospace, specialized equipment, intelligent management and process control fields, roughly divided into the following several areas: 1. In the application of Intelligent Instruments SCM has a small size, low power consumption, controlling function, expansion flexibility, the advantages of miniaturization and ease of use, widely used instrument, bining different types of sensors can be realized Zhuru voltage, power, frequency, humidity, temperature, flow, speed, thickness, angle, length, hardness, elemental, physical pressure measurement. SCM makes use of digital instruments, intelligence, miniaturization, and functionality than electronic or digital circuits more powerful. Such as precision measuring equipment (power meter, oscilloscope, various analytical instrument). 2. In the industrial control application With the MCU can constitute a variety of control systems, data acquisition system. Such as factory assembly line of intelligent control 3. In Household Appliances Can be said that the appliances are basically using SCM, praise from the electric rice, washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners, color TV, and other audio video equip