【正文】
x,則 y ′ |x = 1=-52 D .若 y = x- 5,則 y ′ |x =- 1=- 5 [ 答案 ] B [ 解析 ] ∵ y ′ =????????1x= ( x-12 ) ′ =-12xn- 1, ∴ y′|x= 2= nΔ x + ? Δ x ?2- x2Δ x = l i mΔ x → 0 ( 2 x + Δ x ) = 2 x . 3 .函數(shù) y = f ( x ) = x3的導(dǎo)數(shù) y ′ = l i mΔ x → 0 f ? x + Δ x ? - f ? x ?Δ x= l i mΔ x → 0 ? x + Δ x ?3- x3Δ x = l i mΔ x → 0[3 x2+ 3 x Δ x + (Δ x )2] = 3 x2,即 y ′ = 3 x2. 4 .函數(shù) y = f ( x ) =1x的導(dǎo)數(shù) y ′ = l i mΔ x → 0 Δ yΔ x= l i mΔ x → 0 f ? x + Δ x ? - f ? x ?Δ x= l i mΔ x → 0 1x + Δ x-1xΔ x = l i mΔ x → 0 x - ? x + Δ x ?? x + Δ x ? Δ x= l i mΔ x → 0[ -1x ? x + Δ x ?] =-1x2 . 5 .函數(shù) y = x 的導(dǎo)數(shù) 設(shè) y = f ( x ) = x ( x 0 ) , y ′ = l i mΔ x → 0 f ? x + Δ x ? - f ? x ?Δ x= l i mΔ x → 0 x + Δ x - xΔ x = l i mΔ x → 0 Δ x? x + Δ x + x ?= l i mΔ x → 0 1x + Δ x + x =12 x,即 y ′ =12 x( x 0 ) . 6 .冪函數(shù)的導(dǎo)函數(shù)的規(guī)律 ( x1) ′ = 1 = 1 x1 - 1, ( x2) ′ = 2 x = 22n- 1= 12.∴ n= 3. 課堂典例探究 求冪函數(shù)的導(dǎo)數(shù) 求下列函數(shù)的導(dǎo)數(shù): ( 1 ) y = x12; ( 2 ) y =1x4 ; ( 3 ) y =5x3. [ 分析 ] 將 y =1x 4 寫成 y = x- 4 , y = 5 x 3 寫成 y = x