傳感器新技術(shù)的發(fā)展外文資料翻譯-wenkub.com
2024-11-13 05:28 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 美國(guó)、日本等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的傳感器技術(shù)發(fā)展最快，我國(guó)由于基礎(chǔ)薄弱，傳感器技術(shù)與這些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家相比有較大的差距。 智能化傳感器的研究與開發(fā)，美國(guó)處于領(lǐng)先地位。 集成傳感器的優(yōu)勢(shì)是傳統(tǒng)傳感器無法達(dá)到的，它不僅僅是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的傳感器，其將輔助電路中的元件與傳感元件同時(shí)集成在一塊芯片上，使之具有校準(zhǔn)、補(bǔ)償、自診斷和網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信的功能，它可降低成本、增加產(chǎn)量，美國(guó) LUCAS、NOVASENSOR公司開發(fā)的這種血壓傳感器，每星期能生產(chǎn) 1萬只。 美國(guó) Silicon Microstructure Inc.(SMI)公司開發(fā)一系列低價(jià)位 ,線性度在 %到 %范圍內(nèi)的硅微壓力傳感器 ,最低滿量程為 (1KPa),其以硅為材料制成 ,具有獨(dú)特的三維結(jié)構(gòu) ,輕細(xì)微機(jī)械加工 ,和多次蝕刻制成惠斯登電橋于硅膜片上 ,當(dāng)硅片上方受力時(shí) ,其產(chǎn)生變形 ,電阻產(chǎn)生壓阻效應(yīng)而失去電橋平衡 ,輸出與壓力成比例的電信號(hào) .象這樣的硅微傳感器是當(dāng)今傳感器發(fā)展的前沿技術(shù) ,其基本特點(diǎn)是 敏感元件體積為微米量級(jí) ,是傳統(tǒng)傳感器的幾十、幾百分之一。 日本橫河公司利用各向?qū)愿g技術(shù)進(jìn)行高精度三維加工，制成全硅諧振式壓力傳感器。光纖傳感受器與集成光路技術(shù)相結(jié)合，加速光纖傳感器技術(shù)的發(fā)展。在光通信利用中發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)溫度、壓力、電場(chǎng)、磁場(chǎng)等環(huán)境條件變化時(shí)，引起光纖傳輸?shù)墓獠◤?qiáng)度、相位、頻率、偏振態(tài)等變化，測(cè)量光波量的變化，就可知道導(dǎo)致這些光波量變化的溫度、壓力、電場(chǎng)、磁場(chǎng)等物理量的大小，利用這些原理可研制出光導(dǎo)纖維傳感器。%/10K,抗過載強(qiáng) ,可達(dá)量程的數(shù)百倍。將高分子電介質(zhì)做成電容器，測(cè)定電容容量的變化，即可得出相對(duì)濕度。 傳感器材料是傳感器技術(shù)的重要基礎(chǔ)，由于材料科學(xué)進(jìn)步，人們可制造出各種新型傳感器。 利用抗體和抗原在電極表面上相遇復(fù)合時(shí)，會(huì)引起電極電位的變化，利用這一現(xiàn)象可制出免疫傳感器。如今傳感器新技術(shù)的發(fā)展，主要有以下幾個(gè)方面： 利用物理現(xiàn)象、化學(xué)反應(yīng)、生物效應(yīng)作為傳感器原理，所以研究發(fā)現(xiàn)新現(xiàn)象與新效應(yīng)是傳感器技術(shù)發(fā)展的重要工作，是研究開發(fā)新型傳感器的基礎(chǔ)。在今天的信息時(shí)代里，信息產(chǎn)業(yè)包括信息采集、傳輸、處理三部分，即傳感技術(shù)、通信技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)。s humanities have entered into the high industrialization the information age, sensor technology to renewal, higher technological development. US, Japan and so on developed country sensor technological development quickest, our country because the foundation is weak, the sensor technology pares with these developed countries has the big disparity. Therefore, we should enlarge to the sensor engineering research, the development investment, causes our country sensor technology and the foreign disparity reduces, promotes our country instrument measuring appliance industry and from the technical development. 傳感器新技術(shù)的發(fā)展 傳感器 是一種能將物理量、化學(xué)量、生物量等轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號(hào)的器件。 May realize the multisensor multi parameters survey。%/10K, anti overloads strongly, may reach the measuring range several hundred times. The survey scope may from 0 to E+H Corporation and the American Kahlo Corporation product is at the leading position. The optical fiber application is send the material significant breakthrough, its uses in most early the optical munication techniques. In the optical munication use discovered works as environmental condition change and so on the temperature, pressure, electric field, magic field, causes the fiber optic transmission light wave intensity, the phase, the frequency, change and so on the polarization condition, the survey light wave quantity change, may know causes these light wave physical quantity the and so on quantitative change temperature, pressure ,electric field, magic field size, uses these principles to be possible to develop the optical fiber sensor. The optical fiber sensor and the traditional sensor pare has many characteristics: Sensitivity high, the structure simple, the volume small, anticorrosive, the electric insulation good, the path of rays may be curving, be advantageous for the realization telemeter and so on. Optical fiber sensor Japan is in the advanced level. Like Idec Izumi Corporation and Sun x Corporation. The optical fiber
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