【正文】 provocation of defense防衛(wèi)限度 limit of defense防止類似事件重演 prevent the recurrence of similar incidents妨礙公務罪 crime of disrupting public service妨害公共安全罪 crime of impairing public security放棄權利 withdraw a claim。 criminal group犯罪客觀要件 objective circumstances of a crime犯罪客體 criminal object。 mens real犯罪低齡化 lowering ages of criminal offenders犯罪動機 criminal motive犯罪構成 constitution of a crime。 unrealized offense參加恐怖活動組織罪 crime of taking part in an organization engaged in terrorist activities超越管轄權 excess of jurisdiction超越職權范圍 overstep one’s authority懲辦和寬大相結合bine punishment with leniency懲辦少數(shù)、改造多數(shù)的原則 principle of punishing the few and reforming the many懲罰措施 punitive measure懲罰性制裁 punitive sanction懲罰與教育相結合 bination of punishment and education處以刑罰 inflict punishment處以有期徒刑 sentence to fixedterm imprisonment觸犯法律 break the law。 alienate。 inherent cause附條件的民事法律行為:conditional civil juristic acts附條件的權利 conditional right賦予權力 entitle個體工商戶:individual businesses個人合伙:individual partnership各盡所能，按勞分配 from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs給付定金:leave a deposit with the other party工商行政管理機關:the administrative agency for industry and merce公民基本義務 fundamental duties of citizens合同contract合同法 contract law合同副本 copies of the contract 合同規(guī)定 contract provisions/stipulations 合同履行地法 lex loci contractus合同期限contract period (or contract term) 合同條款contract terms (or contract clause) 合同有效期contract life合同正本 originals of the contract合伙人:partners合議制 collegial system核準登記的經(jīng)營范圍:within the range approved and registered恢復原狀 recovery of original state。 personal right對世權 real right。 bona fide principle船舶承租人 charterer船舶抵押權 right of mortgage with respect to a ship。 revoke an offer撤銷遺贈 cancellation of will。撤銷合同 cancel a contract。 hotchpot財產(chǎn)留置權 encumbrance采用書面形式:in writing倉單 warehouse voucher草簽合同 initial a contract。 extraterritorial jurisdiction中端時效 interrupt the running of the statute of limitation中國大陸的法律 law of China’s mainland中國法制 Chinese legal system中國法制史 Chinese legal history中國特色的社會主義法制 socialist legal system with Chinese character中華法系 Chinese legal system《中華人民共和國香港特別行政區(qū)基本法》the Basic law of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China主要法律體系principal legal system自然法 natural law自然法學派 natural law school組成合議庭開庭審理:form a collegial panel to conduct the trial最高國家權力機關 highest organ of state power最高人民法院的解釋 interpretation of supreme people’s court遵循先例原則 The Doctrine of Stare binding effect在法律的范圍內(nèi) within the law暫行條例interim regulations。 gross misbehavior 嚴重違法 break the law on a serious scale要件 important condition。 act without legal effect物權 property西塞羅 Marcus Tullius Cicero習慣法custom law細則 detailed rules and regulations。 retrospective effect損害賠償 damages梭倫 Solon彈性憲法 elastic constitution特別程序 special procedure特別但書 special proviso特別法 special law特殊主體 special subject提案motion。 inspection system審計監(jiān)督 supervise through auditing審計監(jiān)督權 power to supervise through auditing生效條款 operative clause失效法律 expired laws失效日 expiry date施行細則 implementary provisions實證主義法學派 the positivist school《十二表法》 Twelve Tables實體法 material law。 reports of judgments普通法 mon law普通法法系 CommonLaw System普通法上的補償 monlaw remedy普通法上的過失 monlaw negligence普通法上的留置權 monlaw lien普通法學 general jurisprudence強制辦法 coercive method強制規(guī)定 mandatory provisions強制性法規(guī) mandatory rule of law強制性條款 mandatory term侵犯財產(chǎn)權 property torts侵權行為法 tort law侵權責任 tortious liability清理法規(guī) check up laws and regulations區(qū)域性法律體系 regional system of laws取證 obtain evidence確權之訴 affirmative petitory action。 Jus Romanum羅馬法系 RomanLaw System羅馬皇帝優(yōu)士丁尼一世 Justinian I羅馬法理學 jurisprudential《羅馬法律匯編》Roman Digest羅馬法學派 school of Romanists羅馬－日耳曼法系 RomanGermanic family羅馬私法 Jus Privatum邏輯解釋 logical interpretation馬伯里訴麥迪遜案 Marbury vs. Madison馬克思主義法律理論 Marxismleninism馬克思主義法學 Marxist jurisprudence馬克思主義法學家 Marxist jurist沒有事實根據(jù)的 unsubstantial美國國際法協(xié)會 American Institute of International Law美國海事法庭 Admiralty Courts of the .美國聯(lián)邦地區(qū)法院 United States district courts美國聯(lián)邦法官 federal judge沒有法律依據(jù)的 lawless沒有判決先例的案件 case of first impression《民法大全》Corpus Juris Civilis民法典 civil code民法法系CivilLaw System民法通則: General Principles of the Civil Law民法學 science of civil law民事案件中“占有優(yōu)勢證據(jù)”的原則 “by a preponderance of evidence” in civil cases民事權利能力:the capacity for civil rights民事權益:civil rights and interests民事訴訟法學 Civil Procedure Law民事制裁 civil punishment。 legality of purpose合憲性 constitutionality 衡平法 equity衡平法規(guī)則 rule of equity衡平法學 equity jurisprudence衡平法院 Court of Chancery (美)；Court of Equity （英）后法取代前法 A later statute takes away the effect of a prior one.后法優(yōu)于前法 lex posterior derogat priori戶籍所在地:the place where his residence is registered互為因果 reciprocal causation基本法 fundamental law基本法律規(guī)范 basic norm of law基本方針 basic policies基本權利和義務 basic rights and duties基本司法概念和假設 basic legal conception and assumption技術性法規(guī) technical legal rule家庭法 family law建立法律關系create legal relations教會法 canon law《教會法大全》Corpus Juris Canonici教會法學家 decretalists解釋法律的技術規(guī)則 technical rule of interpretation解釋權 power of interpretation近因 immediate cause禁治產(chǎn)人 imbecile。 high court of justice高度集中 highly centralize高度民主 high level of democracy高度自治權 high degree of autonomy高級法官 senior judge高級法院superior court高級人民法院 Higher People’s Court高級人民檢察院 Higher People’s Procuratortate擱置 set aside。 history of legal system法治 rule of law法治的機制 the mechanism of rule of law法治的要素 the element of rule of law非實質(zhì)的 immaterial非營利的 nonprofit非約束