【正文】
害蟲抗藥性現(xiàn)狀及其治理策略高希武中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)? 一、抗藥性與殺蟲藥劑發(fā)展? 二、我國害蟲抗藥性現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題? 三、我國害蟲抗藥性治理策略? 四、展望一、抗藥性與殺蟲藥劑發(fā)展殺蟲藥劑的發(fā)展 分子靶標(biāo)利用昆蟲體內(nèi)關(guān)鍵部位或關(guān)鍵過程中通道蛋白 酶蛋白靶標(biāo)酶作用于神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的藥劑 神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)西維因殘殺威溴氰菊酯擬除蟲菊酯 DDT鈉離子通道氯丹七氯環(huán)戊二烯氟蟲腈苯基吡唑GABA 受體氨基甲酸酯有機(jī)磷膽堿酯酶毒死蜱馬拉硫磷新煙堿AChR受體多殺菌素吡蟲啉噻蟲嗪阿維菌素漁泥丁受體雙酰胺類抗藥性的百年歷史(19082023)年 B抗性害蟲種數(shù)C有效成分?jǐn)?shù) A抗性案例數(shù) 害蟲抗藥性百年發(fā)展(. Whalon, 2023)FAO,2023年 700種病蟲, 80%是昆蟲、螨類 殺蟲藥劑發(fā)展面臨害蟲抗藥性的嚴(yán)重挑戰(zhàn)!Abstract:One of the significant features of the 20th century has been a massive increase of insect control by chemicals, an exercise in applied entomology and chemistry。 another has been the appearance of insecticideresistance, a consequence of general biological principles. It is typical of the generosity of Americans, who have played so leading a part in the development of the one and in research on the other, that they have chosen a Canadian to describe them in their Memorial Lecture. This honor is taken as a token of the high regard in which entomology in Canada is now held. It also offers the opportunity of paying tribute to J. H. Comstock, who founded the Department of Entomology at Cornell University which has been Mecca to so many Canadian students. 抗性發(fā)展速度超過了新藥劑開發(fā)速度!151 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10新藥劑創(chuàng)制的壓力:新靶標(biāo)、時(shí)間、費(fèi)用ResearchoptimizationEarlydevelopmentLate developmentChemistry? Synthesis? Formulation of productYearsBiology? Research? Trials ? Field developmentToxicologyEnvironmental safety新藥劑的研發(fā)時(shí)間表不同殺蟲藥劑分子靶標(biāo)估計(jì)產(chǎn)生抗性的時(shí)間化合物用量加大用量、次數(shù)更多應(yīng)用新化合物防治失敗害蟲抗性更強(qiáng)害蟲產(chǎn)生抗性農(nóng)藥應(yīng)用螺旋圖二、我國害蟲抗藥性現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題IncreasingIncreasingInsecticide Resistance Increasing: From North to South From West to East 蔬菜害蟲小菜蛾 ( Plutella xylostella )在我國抗藥性情況( 1)藥劑名稱 地點(diǎn) 時(shí)間 參考文獻(xiàn)阿維菌素 汕頭、廣州 2023 Zhou等, 2023汕頭、廣州 2023 Zhou等, 2023廣州、高要市、深圳、 2023 Zhou等, 2023河北宣化 2023 Liang等, 2023蘇云金芽孢桿菌 廣東廣州 2023 Wang等, 2023氯氰菊酯 中國 1988 Tang等, 1988β氯氰菊酯 廣州、汕頭 2023 Zhou等, 2023廣州、高要、高州市、連州市、深圳2023 Zhou等, 2023廣州、高要、高州市、連州市、汕頭、深圳2023 Zhou等, 2023連州、汕頭、深圳、高州、高要、廣州2023 Zhou等, 2023高州、高要、廣州 2023 Zhou等, 2023廣州、高要 2023 Zhou等, 2023小菜蛾 ( Plutella xylostella )在我國抗藥性情況( 2)藥劑名稱 地點(diǎn) 時(shí)間 參考文獻(xiàn)β氯氰菊酯 深圳、汕頭、廣州、高要 2023 Zhou等, 2023