外文文獻(xiàn)_信息管理系統(tǒng)-wenkub.com
2025-08-05 06:45 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 MIS能夠?qū)崪y(cè)企業(yè)的各種運(yùn)行情況，并利用過去的歷史數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)未來，從企業(yè)全局的角度出發(fā)輔助企業(yè)進(jìn)行決策，利用信息控制企業(yè)的行為，幫助企業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)其規(guī)劃目標(biāo)。信息源是信息的產(chǎn)生地；信息處理器負(fù)擔(dān)信息的傳輸、加工、保存等任務(wù)；信息用戶是信息的使用者，利用信息進(jìn)行決策；信息管理者負(fù)責(zé)信息系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)、實(shí)現(xiàn)和維護(hù)。選擇的模型是管理信息系統(tǒng)的模型基礎(chǔ)。 決定模型可以在決策過程中被用來支持不同的階段。 對(duì)接受人來說只接收原始數(shù)據(jù)或者甚至是總結(jié)的數(shù)據(jù)都是不夠的。數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)的一個(gè)單獨(dú)的更新，在所有方面都得到更新。數(shù)據(jù)的管理包括軟件和組織。然而，信息一般被定義為對(duì)接受者有意義或者有用的數(shù)據(jù)。分開的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)是一種機(jī)制，這種機(jī)制的數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)是通過橫跨許多應(yīng)用來集成和對(duì)不同的用戶都可以始終一致的可利用。這種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和程序的執(zhí)行允許不同的應(yīng)用分享數(shù)據(jù)，應(yīng)付審核和控制條件，和被廣泛用戶共享。即使應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)是一次一個(gè)的被執(zhí)行，他們的設(shè)計(jì)可以由整體計(jì)劃指導(dǎo)，確定他們?cè)趺捶掀渌墓ぷ?。?dāng)實(shí)際上一個(gè)單獨(dú)的應(yīng)用可以提供超過一個(gè)的更多的服務(wù)時(shí)，也許是分別的應(yīng)用重復(fù)的發(fā)展了。 管理信息系統(tǒng)代表性地為集成組織信息處理提供依據(jù)。 用戶機(jī)器的相互作用是由用戶連接在計(jì)算機(jī)上的輸入輸出設(shè)備（通常是一個(gè)視覺顯示終端）推動(dòng)的。用戶機(jī)器系統(tǒng)的概念暗示了, 一些任務(wù)最好由人執(zhí)行, 其他的最好由機(jī)器做。事實(shí)上，它是一個(gè)集成系統(tǒng)并不意味著它是單一的，單塊集成結(jié)構(gòu)；相反，它意味著零件適合加入整體設(shè)計(jì)。這篇文章使用“管理信息系統(tǒng)”一詞，是因?yàn)樗峭ㄋ滓锥模?dāng)涉及組織信息系統(tǒng)時(shí)也常用“信息系統(tǒng)”代替“管理信息系統(tǒng)”。In a word, the management information system (Management Information System, MIS), is by the artificial leadership, using the puter hardware, the software, the network municates these devices and other office equipments carries on the information the collection, the transmission, the processing, the storage, the update and the safeguarding by achieved the enterprise strategy petes superior, enhances the benefit and the efficiency target, supports the enterprise the high level decisionmaking, the intermediate deck check and the basic unit operation integration manmachine system. MIS is the superintendent provides the report, provides the enterprise the recent situation as well as the historic record. This system main localization is aims at in the enterprise, for control function and so on level plan, check and decisionmaking serves, provides the data generally by the lower level handling of traffic system. MIS will be able the actual enterprise39。s control check, for high level also can provide certain information. The management information system frame by four parts: Information source, information processor, information user and information superintendent. The information source is the information production place。Decision models can be used to support different stages in the decisionmaking process. “Intelligence” models can be used to search for problems and/or opportunities. Models can be used to identify and analyze possible solutions. Choice models such as optimization models maybe used to find the most desirable solutionWhen all access to any use of database is controlled through a database management system, all applications utilizing a particular data item access the same data item which is stored in only one place. A single updating of the data item updates it for all uses. Integration through a database managem
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