【正文】 They are interested in expressing the speed (高速發(fā)展)， progress and even the violence (暴力) of modern live.50． 達(dá)達(dá)主義:Dadaism名詞解釋　　Dadaism created works that were antiwar， antimodern life， and indeed (甚至)， antiart. When they held exhibitions the Dadaists sometimes encouraged (鼓勵(lì)) the public to destroy (銷毀) their displays. They thought that the world had bee insane (病了) and art too seious (嚴(yán)肅)。 The artists of this school used bright colours to bring out their pessimistic views on life (對生活的悲觀態(tài)度)。45． 黑色幽默：Black Humour名詞解釋Black Humour is a term derived (源于) from Black Comedy. Its origin can be traced back to Shakespeare‘s time. But now the term (術(shù)語) is usually used to refer to some Western， especially American PostWorld WarⅡ writers. Black humour is kind of desperate humour (會(huì)讓人產(chǎn)生絕望的幽默)。 The play writers of the Theatre of the absured employed (被使用) many techniques used by the popular theatre such as： acrobatics (雜技)。 Therefore， their characters are often shapeless (無形狀態(tài)) and sometimes even nameless (沒有姓名)。 The best representative of the lost generation was Ernest Hemingway.　垮掉的一代：The Beat Generation名詞解釋 垮掉的一代　　The Beat Generation in America refers to a group of American youngsters (兒童) who refused to accept “respectability” and conventional (傳統(tǒng)的) social behaviour and who cultivated (培養(yǎng)) a rootless manner of living. The distinctive features (有特色的特征) of the Beat Generation is that they used a special slang language and loved jazz. The Beat Generation was represented by Ginsberg‘s Howl (嚎叫)and Jack Keroual‘s on the road.41．年輕憤怒的一代：Angry Young Men名詞解釋 　　Angry Young Men was a term referring to a group of English writers who found themselves to be social misfits (不能適應(yīng)環(huán)境的人)。 It is the unconscious (無意識(shí)的) part of mind， which seeks (查找) immediate (即刻的) satisfaction of desires (欲望)。28．、Romanticism名詞解釋Romanticism was a movement in literature， philosophy， music and art which developed in Europe in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Starting from the ideas of Rousseau in France and from the Storm and Stress movement (狂飆運(yùn)動(dòng)) in Germany. Romanticism emphasized individual values and aspirations (靈感) above those of society. As a reaction (反應(yīng)) to the industrial revolution (工業(yè)革命)， it looked to (承上啟下) the Middle Ages and to direct contact with nature (與大自然的直接接觸) for inspiration (靈感)。 Therefore the Enlightenment is sometimes called the Age of Reason (理智的年代)。 This recovery of power is often called by historians the CounterReformation.16．the laws of gravitation (萬有引力的內(nèi)容)：the sun， the moon， the earth， the planets， and all the other bodies (天體) in the universe move in accordance with the same basic force， which is call gravitation.17．演繹方法Inductive method名詞解釋　　Inductive method was established by Francis Bacon in 17th century. Induction means reasoning (推理) from particular facts or individual cases to a general conclusion.(從特殊推一般)。 This movement which swept over (席卷了) the whole of Europe was aimed at opposing (反對) the absolute authority (權(quán)威) of the Roman Catholic Church and replacing (代替) it with the absolute authority of the Bible. The reformists (改革者) engaged (使用) themselves in translating the Bible into their mother tongues. 宗教改革的實(shí)質(zhì)是：反對羅馬天主教，直接形式是用母語翻譯圣經(jīng)14． Calvinism名詞解釋Calvinism was established by Calvin in the period of Renaissance. Presbyterian government (長老會(huì))。4． Genesis名詞解釋Genesis is one of the five books in Pentateuch， it tells about a religious account (描述) of the origin of the Hebrews people， including the origin of the world and of man， the career (經(jīng)歷) of Issac and the life of Jacob and his son Joseph.5．The Historical Books was divided into seven sections：？　?、貰ooks of Joshua ② Books of Judges ③ Books of Samuel ④ Books of Kings　?、?Books of the Chronicles ⑥ B