【正文】 He is refer to as a book worm for the simple reason that he spare no effortsreading. He was send to prison for he could not pay his debts.Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrificehigher pay forthe privilege of being whitecollar workers.human?nature 人性such...that... （that 引導(dǎo)同位語從句, 進(jìn)一步補充說明 such 的基本內(nèi)涵） His kindness was such that we will never forget him.= Such?was?his?kindness that… （such 在句首要倒裝）= He was so kind that we will never forget him. Such is human nature that we want to get a lot of things free.介詞 for 表示一種目的be?willing?to?do?sth = be?ready?to?do?sth 心甘情愿做This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs whoworked asa dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.give?rise?to =（lead to , 通向） cause , 惹起） result?in ） Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings. 這種行為會引起誤解。12... Bso far = until now, up till nowbeforehand () = in?advance ()at?this?distance?of/in?time 時隔已久 I can hardly remember him at this distance of time. 時隔這么久, 我?guī)缀跸氩黄饋硭恕? It turned out that his statement was false. 原來他的話是假的。 The day broke for the birds were singing.at?one?time 表達(dá)曾經(jīng), 一度（過去時態(tài)的標(biāo)志, = once）must?have?been?對過去事實肯定的推測 enjoyed?a?high?level?of?civilization 享有高度文明Houses often three storeys high were built of stone. They had large roomswithbeautifully decorated walls.With… 具有… a young man with broad shoulders / an old lady with black hairbeautifully?decorated 過去分詞做定語 a?beautifully?dressed?lady?衣著漂亮的女士 a?deserted?car park 廢棄的停車場 a?white?painted?door 被刷成白色的門現(xiàn)在分詞做定語, 被修飾詞與修飾詞之間為邏輯主動關(guān)系 a boy climbing the tree 正在爬樹的男孩 the students reading in the room 正在房間里讀書的學(xué)生The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes werefoundbeneath the narrow streets.be?equipped?with 配備, 裝備 （equip , 配備）air conditioning 空氣調(diào)節(jié)裝置 / air conditioner 空氣調(diào)節(jié)機, 空調(diào)設(shè)備 The car was equipped with air conditioning.for?引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句在正下方：Beneath = under? beneath the narrow streets = under the narrow streets He is standing under/beneath the umbrella.在進(jìn)行中：只能用 under under?control? 控制之中 / under?discussion 討論之中 / under?repairs 修理之中below?在下方（強調(diào)在斜下方） She is sitting below the windowThe temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worshipfrom thefifteenth century . until Roman times.be?used?as / be?used?to?be 把…用作為 The box was used as a desk in the small village school. The wooden box was used as a bookcase.be?used?to do 被用來做… The wooden box is used to contain booksIn the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found.Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted.represent? I represent all the classmates. The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenthcentury .dating?現(xiàn)在分詞, 修飾 remainsdate from = date back to （開始于…, 起始于…） The custom dating from 1990. （custom , 風(fēng)俗） The tradition dates from the time when his grandfather was young. The castle dates from the 14th century. = The castle dates back to the 14thcentury.城堡建造于 14 世紀(jì)Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century .happen?to 偶然, 碰巧（強調(diào)事情的偶然發(fā)生） I happen to have driven that kind of car. 我恰巧開過那種車。An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on thepromontory ofAyia Irini.which 引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾限定 temple。 The guy isn‘t a hip. 這家伙什么都不懂。（Finance , 金融）thriving ，興旺的 thriving businessbooming ，景氣的 a booming market 繁榮的市場flourishing ，健康的 Those plants are flourishing. 那些植物長得茂盛。in English / in pencil / in ink / in oil 用顏料 / in red 用紅色 / in code 用代碼in such a high voice 用這么高的聲音 / in a few words 用幾句話3表示狀態(tài)、情況或處境in trouble / in difficulty 在困境中 / in bed 在床上 / in a hurry 匆忙的in debt 負(fù)債 / in love with sb 愛上某人 / in tears 流著淚in good order 有條不紊, 整齊, 情況正常 / in good repair 維修良好in good health 身體好 / in poor health 身體壞in the bad mood 情緒壞 / in the good mood 情緒好in haste 匆忙的 / in a favor of excitement 欣喜若狂in poverty 在貧窮中 / in luxury 奢侈的Exercise：very quickly = in a hurryeventually = in the end （eventually , 終于）be seen = in sightwith a pen = in ink / with a pencil = in pencilwhich they share = in mon （share ） crying = in tearsMultiple choice questions 多項選擇1... Din order , 狀況良好, 適宜out of order , 不整齊, 狀態(tài)不好 （= was damaged）2... B3... C為…表示感謝：be?grateful?for… / be?thankful?for…不辭辛勞地做某事：take?the?trouble?to?do?sth.4... B in?the?past?是過去時態(tài)的標(biāo)志；always 用在實意動詞之前5... D stroke , 敲, 報時的鐘聲強調(diào)句式結(jié)構(gòu)：It?was?not?until...that... —?直到…才… It was not until midnight that snow stopped. —?直到半夜, 雪才停了。 I do like you.‘You‘ve probably woken up everyone in the village as well.as?well 用在句尾相當(dāng)于 too, 主要用于肯定句中, 但比 too 所表達(dá)的語意更優(yōu)秀。 He had his wallet stolen.The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged manyyears agoand has been silent ever since.used?to：過去常常做，而現(xiàn)在不再發(fā)生的事情了。be?equal?to doing：有能力, 有力量來做某事??（to 是介詞） I am equal to running the pany.vicar raise ，籌（款） raise money 募集資金提高 raise the price 提高物價飼養(yǎng)、供養(yǎng) raise a horse 飼養(yǎng)一匹馬種植 raise wheat 種植小麥召集、招募 raise an army 招募一支軍隊 （army , 軍隊）提出、發(fā)出 raise a cheer 發(fā)出歡呼聲 （cheer , 歡呼）torchlight torch cause church figure , 輪廓, 體形grocer , 雜貨商人bell , 鈴, 鐘聲, 鐘形之物tower , 城堡Text 課文Was the vicar pleased that the clock was striking? Why?Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has nevermanaged to getenough money to have the church clock repaired.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時和 always 等頻度副詞搭配時：表示說話人帶有某種的情感色彩Tom is always doing homework. 湯姆總是做家庭作業(yè)，怎么也做不完。固定的動詞短語look?for：尋找（去掉 for 后 look 沒有尋找的意思，所以介詞 for 不能前置）非固定的動詞短語look?at：注視live?in：居住（去掉 in 后 live 仍有居住的意思，所以介詞 in 可以前置）This is the old house in wh