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Germany DMG39。 EMO2001 show from the situation, highspeed processing center feed rate up to 80 m / min, or even higher, and air speed up to 100 m / min around. At present many of the world39。 In the car industry, with an annual output of 300,000 rhythms of production is 40 seconds / vehicles, but cars are more varieties processing equipment needed to be solved in one of the key problems in the field of aviation and aerospace industry, processing more for the thinwalled parts And the thin line, stiffness poor material for aluminum or aluminum alloy, only high cutting speed and cutting force in small cases, can these tendons, wall processing. Recently a large overall aluminum billet hollowed out approach to manufacture wings, fuselage and other parts to replace large parts by a large number of rivets, screws and other means assembled links to members of the strength, stiffness and reliability Is improved. These are the proposed highspeed processing equipment, highprecision and high flexibility requirements. Efficiency, and quality is the main body of advanced manufacturing technology. Highspeed, highfinishing technologies can greatly increase efficiency, improve product quality and grades, and shorten the production cycle and enhance market petitiveness. To that end Japan will tip technology research as its five major modern manufacturing technology of international production Engineering Society (CIRP) be identified as the 21st century one of the studies. s technology and its equipment development trends, its main research focus in the following areas [14]. highspeed, highfinishing technology and equipment to the new trend s policy of closures and restrict ions. In short, to vigorously develop the NC technology as the core of advanced man ufacturing technology has bee the world39。s technological level and degree of modernization of the national economy as a whole decide the level and degree of modernization, numerical control technology and equipment is the development of new hightech industries and hightech industries (such as information technology and related industries, biote chnology and related industries, aviation, aerospace and other defense Industrial industries) of the enabling technology and the most basic equipment. Marx once said that all kinds of economic times the difference between what is not production, which is how the production, what the production of labor. Manufacturing technology and equipment is the human production of the most basic means of production activities, and numerical control technology is today39。在此十分感謝王老師的細(xì)心指導(dǎo),才能讓我順利完成畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)。首先,也是最主要感謝的是我的指導(dǎo)老師。錘頭部分的質(zhì)量及懸掛中心與打擊中心的距離的設(shè)計(jì),消除了錘頭在打擊物料時(shí)對(duì)錘軸產(chǎn)生的影響。對(duì)密封的基本要求使嚴(yán)密、可靠、壽命長(zhǎng),力求機(jī)構(gòu)緊湊,系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)單,制造維修方便,成本低廉。箱體采用地腳螺栓固定于地面,防止機(jī)械因振動(dòng)引起的偏移。同時(shí)要注意皮帶安裝的手法及張力,過小易打滑,過大易損壞皮帶與軸承。SPB:OD=PD+7。 工作轉(zhuǎn)速/電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速=從動(dòng)輪直徑/主動(dòng)輪直徑*(滑動(dòng)系數(shù)),如使用鋼為材料的皮帶輪,要求線速度不高于40m/s,如使用鑄鐵的材料,要求線速度不高35m/s,電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速與皮帶輪直徑換算比,速度比=輸出轉(zhuǎn)速:輸入轉(zhuǎn)速=負(fù)載皮帶輪節(jié)圓直徑:電機(jī)皮帶輪節(jié)圓直徑。皮帶輪主要用于遠(yuǎn)距離傳送動(dòng)力的場(chǎng)合,例如小型柴油機(jī)動(dòng)力的輸出,農(nóng)用車,拖拉機(jī),汽車,礦山機(jī)械,機(jī)械加工設(shè)備,紡織機(jī)械,包裝機(jī)械,車床,鍛床,一些小馬力摩托車動(dòng)力的傳動(dòng),農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械動(dòng)力的傳送,空壓機(jī),減速器,減速機(jī),發(fā)電機(jī),軋花機(jī)等等。 皮 帶 輪 小皮帶輪皮帶輪屬于盤轂類零件,一般相對(duì)尺寸比較大,制造工藝上一般以鑄造、鍛造為主。這種襯板既有利于物料破碎,又可以促使物料下落。 板 襯 板(一) 襯 板(二)襯板一方面起到保護(hù)箱體的作用,另一方面它承受被破碎塊擊出的物料顆粒的沖擊作用。因此可采用ZGMn13A,兩個(gè)錘盤上用錘釘聯(lián)接固聯(lián)錘頭,這樣可以達(dá)到方便裝卸的目的。它要承受大塊物料落到轉(zhuǎn)子上的沖擊載荷,但是不直接應(yīng)用于破碎過程,因此耐磨性、強(qiáng)度和剛度的要求不是特別的高,因此材料選取ZG270500。因此轉(zhuǎn)子的平衡是特別重要的,在錘盤、錘頭中要十分注意其重量平衡。相似的,錘式破碎機(jī)的處理量可用下式計(jì)算:(kg/h) ()式中 G錘式破碎機(jī)生產(chǎn)能力;物料硬度和破碎機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)形式影響系數(shù);D轉(zhuǎn)子外圓直徑(m);轉(zhuǎn)子長(zhǎng)度(m);物料密度(kg/m3);n轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)速;i破碎比。平鍵的連接結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單 拆裝方便 對(duì)中較好,應(yīng)用廣泛,故在本設(shè)計(jì)中選用平鍵。調(diào)心滾子軸承可承受徑向重載荷并且適用于相當(dāng)高的轉(zhuǎn)速,也可以承受軸向載荷。)/m≤[φ]=所以,軸的扭轉(zhuǎn)剛度在合理的范圍之內(nèi)。)/m]的計(jì)算公式為: φ= ()式中:T軸所受的扭矩,單位為N軸的扭轉(zhuǎn)剛度校核計(jì)算扭轉(zhuǎn)剛度以扭轉(zhuǎn)角度來度量。m== =40MPa 所以,軸的設(shè)計(jì)在合理范圍之內(nèi)。 n軸的轉(zhuǎn)速,單位為r/min。 對(duì)于只傳遞轉(zhuǎn)矩的圓截面軸,其強(qiáng)度條件為: () 查表取得: =40MPa 式中:扭轉(zhuǎn)切應(yīng)力,單位為MPa。根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)原則,軸段13的直徑為192mm時(shí)為了能夠很順利的在軸段12安裝軸承,軸段12必須滿足軸承的內(nèi)徑的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),故取軸段12的直徑為200mm,軸段2同樣安裝了軸承,故取軸段2的直徑為200mm,軸段11軸段4 、10根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)要求,都應(yīng)該有軸肩,即軸段11和10的直徑分別取210mm,220mm,據(jù)破碎的目的和要求,轉(zhuǎn)子的設(shè)計(jì)要求可確定軸段7直徑為280mm,軸段8定位止動(dòng)板直徑為280mm。軸段10上裝配空氣密封盤由軸段9和套筒定位。(2)繪制軸的結(jié)構(gòu)圖 軸的結(jié)構(gòu)圖要確定軸的結(jié)構(gòu)形狀,必須先確定軸上零件的裝配順序和固定方式。根據(jù)合金元素在鋼中的影響和作用顯示,加入Mo可以大大提高合金材料的淬透性與高溫強(qiáng)度,而大大降低回火脆性, 當(dāng)Mo含量%時(shí),能提高材料的塑性。軸的結(jié)構(gòu),應(yīng)使軸受力合理,避免或減輕應(yīng)力集中,有良好的工藝性,并使軸上的零件定位可靠、裝拆方便。 襯板的材料選用高錳鋼(ZGMn13),103kg/m3。設(shè)物料形狀為立方體,其邊長(zhǎng)a1=,則 m== ()則錘頭實(shí)際質(zhì)量m0=m(r/r0)2= ()熟料破碎機(jī)的破碎盤上固連破碎錘盤和錘頭數(shù)目,主要根據(jù)進(jìn)料尺寸和產(chǎn)品粒度來確定。在材料試驗(yàn)機(jī)上破環(huán)物料的力F1=бA ()式中б——物料的抗壓強(qiáng)度。將式()代人()中,得 m=(~)Q ()m僅僅式錘頭的打擊質(zhì)量,錘頭實(shí)際質(zhì)量m0應(yīng)根據(jù)打擊質(zhì)量的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣性和錘頭質(zhì)量的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣性相等的條件進(jìn)行質(zhì)量代換m0=m(r/r0)2 ()式中r——錘頭打擊中心到懸掛點(diǎn)的距離,m; r0——錘頭的重心到懸掛點(diǎn)的距離,m。根據(jù)動(dòng)量守恒原理,錘頭打擊物料后,必然會(huì)產(chǎn)生速度損失。 錘 頭由于錘式破碎機(jī)的錘頭是通過鉸接懸掛在錘盤上,所以正確地選擇錘頭對(duì)破碎效率和能量消耗都有很大作用。但隨著轉(zhuǎn)子的速度的增大,功率消耗也增加,破碎塊的磨損也增加。從設(shè)備制造角度來看,高轉(zhuǎn)速對(duì)機(jī)器零部件的加工、安裝精度要求也隨之增高,而且錘頭磨損與轉(zhuǎn)子圓周速度成正比,所以在滿足產(chǎn)品粒度要求的情況下,轉(zhuǎn)子圓周速度應(yīng)選取偏低值。由于式(2)沒有反映出破碎比和錘頭質(zhì)量這2個(gè)因素,所以按上式計(jì)算的轉(zhuǎn)子圓周速度只能作為選取時(shí)參考。熟料破碎機(jī)的規(guī)格也用D/L確定。~5。⑥ 計(jì)算帶所需基準(zhǔn)長(zhǎng)度L=2a+ ()L=2a+=21235+(400+1000)+=有表選擇相近的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)長(zhǎng)度Ld ,取Ld=4830mm⑦ 實(shí)際軸間距a≈ ()所以,實(shí)際的中心距為:a =1235+=1240mm⑧ 單根V帶傳遞的額定功率根據(jù)帶型、和查表得:=(kw)⑨ 傳動(dòng)比i≠1的額定功率增量根據(jù)帶型、和i查表得:=(kw)⑩ 計(jì)算窄V帶根數(shù)Z 由公式Z=得: ()小帶輪包角修正系數(shù),帶長(zhǎng)修正系數(shù),Z== =取Z=8根⑾ 計(jì)算預(yù)緊力F0由F=500(1)+得: ()F=500(1)+=⑿ 計(jì)算帶輪所受的力F由公式 () =25sin=根據(jù)需要破碎的熟料尺寸和熟料破碎機(jī)的工作能力而定,進(jìn)料口裝配上法蘭,由于本臺(tái)熟料破碎機(jī)為水泥生產(chǎn)線上的其中一臺(tái)設(shè)備,因此生產(chǎn)線中的熟料破碎機(jī)的上臺(tái)設(shè)備和熟料破碎機(jī)中有管道和熟料破碎機(jī)的接口處的法蘭連接。因此由轉(zhuǎn)子線速度破碎轉(zhuǎn)子直徑,來確定破碎主軸轉(zhuǎn)速為294r/min。帶傳動(dòng)的效率:帶傳動(dòng)在工作中,有下列幾種功率損失:(1)帶在帶輪兩邊的拉力差和相應(yīng)的變形差,將產(chǎn)生彈性滑動(dòng),導(dǎo)致帶和從動(dòng)輪的速度損失;(2)帶在輪上的撓曲和運(yùn)行時(shí)的反復(fù)伸縮,帶將產(chǎn)生內(nèi)摩擦;(3)在高速傳動(dòng)時(shí)的風(fēng)阻;(4)V帶在嵌入和脫出輪槽時(shí)的摩擦;(5)軸承的摩擦。計(jì)算帶傳動(dòng):此傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)為降速帶傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)