基于matlab的fir數(shù)字濾波器的設(shè)計與仿真(英文翻譯-wenkub.com
2024-11-03 08:39 本頁面
【正文】 開放性使 MATLAB廣受用戶歡迎 .除內(nèi)部函數(shù)外 ,所有 MATLAB主包文件和各種工具包都是可讀可修改的文件 ,用戶通過對源程序的修改或加入自己編寫程序構(gòu)造新的專用工具包 。傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)字濾波器設(shè)計使用繁瑣的公式計算，改變參數(shù)后需要重新計算，在設(shè)計濾波器尤其是高階濾波器時工作量很大。雖然MATLAB 是一個完整的、功能齊全的編程環(huán)境，但在某些情況下，與外部環(huán)境的數(shù)據(jù)和程序的交互是非常必須而且有益的。 MATLAB 作為世界頂尖的數(shù)學(xué)應(yīng)用軟件，以其強(qiáng)大的工 程計算、算法研究、工程繪圖、應(yīng)用程序開發(fā)、數(shù)據(jù)分析和動態(tài)仿真等功能，在航空航天、機(jī)械制造和工程建筑等領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。 （ 3）實(shí)現(xiàn)：上面兩步的結(jié)果得到的濾波器，通常是以差分方程、系統(tǒng)函數(shù)或脈沖響應(yīng)來描述的。在工程實(shí)際中，這種指標(biāo)最受歡迎。第一種是絕對指標(biāo)。這些指標(biāo)要根據(jù)應(yīng)用確定。但是不象 IIR 濾波器可以借助模擬濾波器的成果， FIR 濾波器沒有現(xiàn)成的計算公式，必須要用計算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計軟件（如 MATLAB）來計算。從數(shù)字濾波器的單位沖擊響應(yīng)來看，可分為兩大類：有限沖擊響應(yīng)（ FIR）數(shù)字濾波器和無限沖擊響應(yīng)（ IIR）數(shù)字濾波器。 IIR 數(shù)字濾波器的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可以利用模擬濾波器設(shè)計的結(jié)果，而模擬濾波器的設(shè)計有大量圖 表可查，方便簡單。 濾波器是指用來對輸入信號進(jìn)行濾波的硬件或軟件。 由此二元多 ,占抽樣連續(xù)輸入信號的 取值傳送 到處理器 ,進(jìn)行數(shù)字計算 。 在各個階段 ， 是一個信號 ， 是電機(jī)電壓和過濾 ， 目前直接的物理模擬量 (例如聲音或視頻信號和變頻器生產(chǎn) )處理 。 他們是完全不同的物理結(jié)構(gòu) ， 如何工作 。數(shù)字信號處理在通信、語音、圖像、自動控制、雷達(dá)、軍事、航空航天、醫(yī)療和家 用電器等眾多領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。s most important disciplines and door technology. Digital signal processing in munications, voice, images, automatic control, radar, military, aerospace, medical and household appliances, and many other fields widely applied. In the digital signal processing applications, the digital filter is important and has been widely applied. figures Uniton : Analog and digital filters In signal processing, the function of a filter is to remove unwanted parts of the signal, such as random noise, or to extract useful parts of the signal, such as the ponents lying within a certain frequency range. There are two main kinds of filter, analog and digital. They are quite different in their physical makeup and in how they work. An analog filter uses analog electronic circuits made up from ponents such as resistors, capacitors and opamps to produce the required filtering effect. Such filter circuits are widely used in such applications as noise reduction, video signal enhancement, graphic equalisers in hifi systems, and many other areas. There are wellestablished standard techniques for designing an analog filter circuit for a given requirement. At all stages, the signal being filtered is an electrical voltage or current which is the direct analogue of the physical quantity (. a sound or video signal or transducer output) involved. A digital filter uses a digital processor to perform numerical calculations on sampled values of the signal. The processor may be a generalpurpose puter such as a PC, or a specialised DSP (Digital Signal Processor) chip. The analog input signal must first be sampled and digitised using an ADC (analog to digital converter). The resulting binary numbers, representing successive sampled values of the input signal, are transferred to the processor, which carries out numerical calculations on them. These calculations typically involve multiplying the input values by constants and adding the products together.
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