【正文】 。4. 歲月是無情的，假如你丟給它的是一片空白，它還給你的也是一片空白。用一些事情，總會看清一些人。Thank you, in advance, for your cooperation,Best whishes,索取文獻范文如果希望論文發(fā)表，在準(zhǔn)備投稿時必須做到打字整潔、無錯、符合期刊格式、含有期刊要求的所有材料。優(yōu)秀的摘要能有效抓住讀者興趣。(4)文獻(references)：與本研究方法、結(jié)果、討論有關(guān)的其它研究有哪些？準(zhǔn)確完整規(guī)范著錄。(2)結(jié)果(results)：發(fā)生了什么？基本寫作要求：可用圖、表或文字表達，三者間盡量減少重復(fù)。Revison是在寫完之后回頭看看是否有邏輯上的錯誤，是否考慮到了讀者興趣，自己的declarative statement是否令人滿意，Brevity is the soul of literary construction。Body部分可以分為methods、result和discussion三個部分：①Methods，詳盡的介紹自己的實驗方案以便于他人能夠重復(fù)自己的實驗過程，對于通用的實驗方案可以簡略，重點要放到自己的獨創(chuàng)方案上面(own procedures)，按照實驗的先后順序介紹，為了文章的閱讀方便，不要使用過多層次的subheadings，比如subsubsubsection等等。(nonspecialist)Structure是重點，paper的structure應(yīng)該是兩個triangle組成的：上面一個倒三角，下面一個正三角，意思就是選題要寬(wide)，研究方向要窄，然后最后的conclusion又發(fā)散開來。其他情況下可以用一般時態(tài)來描述。寧可一開始寫得語法差一些，慢慢修改都比這種寫法好?；旧暇褪沁@些問題，看來很是瑣碎，但是如果你的參考文獻排列的亂七八糟，那就會使得評審人對你論文的印象很差，認(rèn)為你沒有認(rèn)知組織和撰寫論文，造成一定的負(fù)面影響。須知沒有任何一項研究成果是在沒有資金資助的情況下完成的，所以這一點非常必要。由于中英文表達的不同，在投稿之前要盡量避免出現(xiàn)表達上的誤解，如果論文因此被拒是很冤枉的。重要的是將這個問題深入闡述清楚，不能讓人有意猶未盡之感(要做到這點的確很困難，因為評審人總會提出新的問題，我們只可能盡量做到這一點罷了)。一般來說，把最重要的放在中間，次之的放開頭和末尾。Discussion的一個重要作用就是要突出自己研究的創(chuàng)新性，并體現(xiàn)出顯著區(qū)別于他人的特點，區(qū)別大和小是另外一個問題，重要的是要有區(qū)別、區(qū)別就是創(chuàng)新。選擇要深入討論的問題。4. Discussion：Introduction和Discussion是最難寫的兩部分。圖片太多顯得羅索和累贅，主編不會欣賞；必要時可用表格替代一些圖。圖表結(jié)合，能取長補短，使結(jié)果展現(xiàn)更豐富。結(jié)果提供一般是表和圖。準(zhǔn)確是結(jié)果必須是真實的，不能偽造和篡改。3. Results：有人把Results和Discussion放在一起寫，但是大多數(shù)論文都是分開的。流程圖的畫法很多，有文字式的，有文字和示意圖結(jié)合的，不同實驗有不同做法?？傮w上來說要注意說明材料選擇的必要性，也就是對為什么要選擇這種材料，最好有一定的說明。這樣做的好處是為了在Discussion中能夠進行對應(yīng)的分析。實驗對象一般是人、動物或一些組織等，它們的基本信息要描述明確；此外要注意國外刊物大多對牽扯到人或動物的實驗都有一些特定要求，有些是不允許在人或動物身上進行的實驗操作，這需要認(rèn)真閱讀投稿刊物中關(guān)于實驗的詳細規(guī)定；如果違反這一規(guī)定，可能會不接受評審或發(fā)表。完整就是實驗當(dāng)中的每一個環(huán)節(jié)都要注意到，不要顧此失彼，遺漏一些重要內(nèi)容。至此，Introduction的寫作算是大功告成。只要能夠很好的解決一個問題，就是篇好文章；創(chuàng)新性描述的越多越大，越容易被審稿人抓住把柄。這是整個Introduction的高潮，因而要慎之又慎。另一方面，文獻引用和數(shù)據(jù)提供一定要準(zhǔn)確，切記避免片面摘錄部分結(jié)果而不反映文獻的總體結(jié)果；引用的數(shù)據(jù)也要正確，特別是間接引用的數(shù)據(jù)(即不是從原文獻中查到，而是從別人文獻中發(fā)現(xiàn)的另一篇文獻的數(shù)據(jù))；數(shù)據(jù)出錯會導(dǎo)致文章的印象特差！此外，引用文獻時注意防止造成抄襲的印象，即不要原文抄錄，要用自己的話進行總結(jié)描述。B.要寫好Introduction，最重要的是要保持鮮明的層次感和極強的邏輯性，這兩點是緊密結(jié)的，即在符合邏輯性的基礎(chǔ)上建立層層遞進的關(guān)系。introduction是外刊文章最難寫的部分之一(另外就是Discussion)。在文章最后加上個Appendix，把所有Abbreviation列表；(2)在不同頁面上不時地給出Abbreviation的含義，用來提醒讀者。這樣專業(yè)外的人士可以了解文章的主要觀點，比較專業(yè)的討論他可以把它當(dāng)成黑箱子，而這一部份本專業(yè)人士可以進一步研究。討論部份的整體結(jié)構(gòu)：小標(biāo)題是把問題分為幾個片段的好方法。再接下來，可用Afterwards, CC……如果還有，可用More recent studies by DD……如果敘述兩種觀點，要把它們截然分開AA put forward that……In contrast, BB believe or Unlike AA, BB suggest or On the contrary (表明前面觀點錯誤)，如果只表明兩種觀點對立，用in contrast BB……如果兩種觀點相近,可用AA suggest……Similarily, alternatively, BB……Or Also, BB or BB allso does……表示因果或者前后關(guān)系可用Consequently, therefore, as a result……表明遞進關(guān)系可用furthermore, further, moreover, in addition……寫完一段英文，最好首先檢查是否較好地應(yīng)用了這些連接詞。五、給編輯的回信1. In reply to the referee’s main criticism of paper, it is possible to say that –One minor point raised by the referee concerns of the extra position of the reaction mixture in Figure 1. This has now been corrected. Further minor changes had been made on page 3, paragraph 1 (line 38) and 2 (line 611). These do not affect our interpretation of the result.2. I have read the referee’s ments very carefully and conclude that the paper has been rejected on the sole grounds that it lake toxicity data. I admit that I did not include a toxicity table in my article although perhaps I should have done. This was for the sake of brevity rather than an error or omission.3. Thank you for your letter of – and for the referee’s ments concerning our manuscript entitled “”. We have studied their ments carefully and have made correction which we hope meet with their approval.4. I enclosed a revised manuscript which includes a report of additional experiments done at the referee’s suggestion. You will see that our original findings are confirmed.5. We are sending the revised manuscript according to the ments of the reviewers. Revised portion are underlined in red.6. We found the referee’s ments most helpful and have revised the manuscript7. We are pleased to note the favorable ments of reviewers in their opening sentence.8. Thank you for your letter. I am very pleased to learn that our manuscript is acceptable for publication in Cancer Research with minor revision.9. We have therefore pleted a further series of experiments, the result of which are summarized in Table 5. From this we conclude that intrinsic factor is not account.10. We deleted the relevant passage since they are not essential to the contents of the paper.11. I feel that the reviewer’s ments concerning Figures 1 and 2 result from a misinterpretation of the data.12. We would have include a nonprotein inhibitor in our system, as a control, if one had been available.13. We prefer to retain the use of Table 4 for reasons that it should be clear from the new paragraph inserted at the end of the Results section.14. Although reviewer does not consider it is important to measure the temperature of the cells, we consider it essential.15. The running title has been changed to “”.16. The Materials and Methods section now includes detail