【正文】 (5) mining environmental monitoring, assessment and conservation planning, environmental damage, restoration, remediation and sustainable land use and management. In short, mine surveying in mining resources investigation, development and production process of industrial restructuring so play an important integral role, with the first, basic, guide and service features. 中英文資料 19 3 Mine Surveying the development of a modern mine Spatial Information Science (Engineering) Because of the space mapping technology, information technology and the rapid development and wide application, as well as minerals, land and other integrated natural resources, green development of the new requirements of mining, mine surveying disciplines of content and technology means major changes occurred in order to make the content and its form of discipline consistent, proposes to use the Mining Spatial Information Science (Engineering), the new name to replace the traditional discipline of Mine Surveying. The main reasons for seeking alternative names: (1) Mine Surveying Mapping on the level of discipline has been or is being access to new, more precise, more scientific name of the Geomatics (Geomatics) or Spatial Information Science and Engineering. Over the past decade, the University of Calgary in Canada, New Brunswick, Maine United States State University, Ohio State University, University of New South Wales, Australia, Katanning and Technology University and so has the original measurement project ( Surveying Engineering) Professional (Department) name changed to Geomatics (Engineering), Spatial Information Science and Engineering, Spatial Science or Surveying and Spatial Information Systems and so on. (2) according to the scientific development and sustainable development requirements, must be resolutely against predatory mining, logging and other destructive exploitation of natural, ecofriendly practices. The international mining sector has also emphasizing the measurement, mining, social and environmental impacts, mine surveying and spatial information technology in which the role. (3) Mine Surveying related subjects, such as mining engineering, geology, land science, 中英文資料 20 environmental science and engineering, resource economics of content changes have taken place in very human. Mining Spatial Information Science (Engineering) of the content and basic tasks Throughout the known history of the development of science and technology, the development of all disciplines are advancing with the times, all with the interaction between adjacent or related disciplines, and constantly cross, peration, integration, and metabolic results。 third is the development and influence of other disciplines, such as geology, rock mechanics, environmental science and land science, puter science, and economics. For a long time, mine surveying workers shoulder a mine on the ground and underground threedimensional measurement, positioning and mapping, orebody modeling and threedimensional visualization, management and exploitation of mineral reserves calculated supervision, observation and exploration of mining subsidence damage to defense mission. The past 20 years, actively involved in domestic and international mining and mining cities, the environment, ecological environment reconstruction (restoration) work. Mine ecological environment monitoring, analysis and evaluation, control, the Land Reclamation (LandReclamation), Environmental Restoration (Environmental Rehabilitation) or reconstruction, rehabilitation (Resmration), mining on the social and environmental impacts (The Impact of Mining in the Social and Environment) and its prevention and control of growing concern. Measured according to the International Association of Mining (ISM) of the Constitution and the international mining interests in China cause more developed countries, the situation of measurement, mine survey and the corresponding institutions of science and technology 中英文資料 18 functions and business areas can be summarized as follows: (1) the formulation and interpretation of relevant laws and regulations, mineral tenure issues, mine surveying education, training and history。an University of Technology (formerly Xi39。 geographic information systems。 中英文資料 12 參考文獻(xiàn) [1]郭達(dá)志，測(cè)繪科技與礦山測(cè)量的新進(jìn)展 [J]．礦山測(cè)量， 2020， (1)： 59． [2]郭達(dá)志，論“礦山空間信息學(xué)”一礦山測(cè)量的現(xiàn)代發(fā)展 [J]測(cè)繪工程， 2020， 15(3)： 1— 7． [3]郭達(dá)志，礦山測(cè)量 [J]．測(cè)繪通報(bào)， 2020，第 9期． [4]郭達(dá)志，汪云甲，張書畢，國(guó)際礦山測(cè)量協(xié)會(huì) (ISM)簡(jiǎn)介，測(cè)繪通報(bào)， 2020，第 6期 ． [5]Vrubel， M．， M． Eis． Digital photogrammetry and its application at open cast brown coal mining in CzechRepublic[C]． Proceedings of XII International Congress of International Society for Surveying Mine Beijing， China， 20—26 September， 2020： 446—45I． [6] Zhang You_jing,Li hao and Gao Yun—xiao， Photo geologic logging methods[C]． Proceedings of XII International Congress of International Society for Mine Surveying． Fuxin—Beijing， China， 2026 September,2020： 577—580． [7]Gawalkiewicz， R．， J． maciaszek and R． Dudek． Laser Scanning—A21“ CenturyTechnology[C]” Proceedings of XII International Congress of International Society for Mine Surveying． Fuxin同時(shí)，為保證安全生產(chǎn)，保護(hù)環(huán)境，還必須制定一些新的法規(guī) [6]。為此可借鑒俄羅斯、德國(guó)和東歐等國(guó)家的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，授予礦山測(cè)量師和礦山地質(zhì)師對(duì)礦山的資源開采進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)和監(jiān)督的職責(zé)。 加強(qiáng)礦產(chǎn)、土地資源監(jiān)管和環(huán)境修復(fù)給礦山測(cè)量提供了施展才能的更多空間 建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型、 環(huán)境友好型社會(huì)己為我們的國(guó)策。在中國(guó)，煤礦事故頻發(fā)，就近幾年來說，一次死亡 10 人以上的人事故 2020 年～ 2020 年共有 188 起，平均 7． 4 天 l 起，2020 年發(fā)生 67 起，平均 5． 4 天 1 起， 2020 年 百萬噸死亡率為 2． 04l，共死亡 4746 人。 (3)“數(shù)字礦山”建設(shè)應(yīng)以需求牽引，結(jié)合國(guó)情和礦山實(shí)際。 基此，我國(guó)礦業(yè)界也提出 “數(shù)字礦山”的概念和研 建問題，并就“數(shù)字礦山”的定義、內(nèi)涵、研究目標(biāo)、相關(guān)學(xué)科、基礎(chǔ)支撐技術(shù)和發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略等進(jìn)行了研討，發(fā)表了一些論文，對(duì)數(shù)字礦山建設(shè)起了積極推動(dòng)作用。由于獲取礦山地面、地層及井下空間信息，資源與環(huán)境信息的特殊性、復(fù)雜性，除了利用通用的測(cè)量?jī)x器設(shè)備之外，往往還需要