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計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)外文翻譯----數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)介紹-管理系統(tǒng)-wenkub.com

2025-05-06 17:56 本頁面
   

【正文】 不幸地,許多數(shù)據(jù)庫計(jì)畫是建立由于無效力的或容易的密碼 , 導(dǎo)致成功的攻擊 。 每個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫明確地用有它的自己使用者指定了控制他們能運(yùn)行什麼類型的活動(dòng)許可 。 除了數(shù)據(jù)庫的類型,請(qǐng)求類型能用來比較進(jìn)一步定義客戶 的請(qǐng)求將會(huì)如何被伺候器處理 。ing 將會(huì)提供更充足的數(shù)據(jù)給你 。雖然 SQL 語言基本語法形式使用中很容易。dir c 。 使用它最簡(jiǎn)單的形式語言 SQL ,一個(gè)程序師能選擇 ,增加,更新,而且在一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫中能劃分各種數(shù)據(jù) 。 申請(qǐng)的類型有許多變化 ,從大企業(yè)的微軟 SQL 伺候器到自由的和開放來源 mySQL 排列 。 我們應(yīng)該注意信息不斷更新 。 因?yàn)檫@個(gè)所以就要把好身份申請(qǐng)這一關(guān),數(shù)據(jù)管理服務(wù)器也是黑客最 為關(guān)心的目標(biāo)之一 。例如一個(gè)大公司不同部門之間的計(jì)算機(jī),應(yīng)該將數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)在本地,然而,當(dāng)被授權(quán)的管理人員需要整理揚(yáng)州大學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè) 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (外文翻譯 ) 10 部門數(shù)據(jù)時(shí),數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)該能夠被訪問。假設(shè)一個(gè)用戶申請(qǐng)文件中的一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)并修改它,同時(shí)另外一個(gè)用戶也申請(qǐng)這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)并修 改它,解決這種問題的方法叫做數(shù)據(jù)鎖定,即第一個(gè)申請(qǐng)使其他申請(qǐng)?zhí)幱诘却隣顟B(tài),直到完成第一個(gè)申請(qǐng),其他用戶可以讀取這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù),但不能修改。這是非常有用的,例如,如果文件比較大而且需要快速訪問,在這種情況下,一臺(tái)微型計(jì)算機(jī)或大型主機(jī)將被用作文件服務(wù)器。 利用相互連接的計(jì)算機(jī)上運(yùn)行的數(shù)據(jù)庫應(yīng)用程序的一種方法是將程序分解為相互獨(dú)立的部分。在理想情況下,大型主機(jī)上的數(shù)據(jù)庫看起來像是一個(gè)大的信息倉庫,而大部分處理則在個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)上完成。 分布式數(shù)據(jù)庫 類似的,分布式數(shù)據(jù)庫指的是數(shù)據(jù)庫的各個(gè)部分分別存儲(chǔ)在物理上相互分開的計(jì)算機(jī)上。 對(duì)象模型 最新的數(shù)據(jù)庫管理方法是使用對(duì)象模型,記錄由被稱作對(duì)象的實(shí)體來描述,可以在對(duì)象中存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),同時(shí)提供方法 或程序執(zhí)行特定的任務(wù)。在早期,網(wǎng)狀模型比其他模型更有性能優(yōu)勢(shì);但是在今天,這種優(yōu)勢(shì)的特點(diǎn)只有在自動(dòng)柜員機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò),航空預(yù)定系統(tǒng)等大容量和高速處理過程中才是最重要的。 網(wǎng)狀模型 網(wǎng)狀模型在數(shù)據(jù)之間通過鏈接表結(jié)構(gòu)創(chuàng)建關(guān)系,子記錄可以鏈接到多個(gè)父記錄。例如,在一個(gè)包含雇員信息 的表中,一個(gè)記錄包含了像一個(gè)人姓名和地址這樣的字段的值。由于數(shù)據(jù)并不總是遵循這種嚴(yán)格的分層關(guān)系,所以這樣可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些問題。值得注意的是,在一個(gè)嚴(yán)格的分層結(jié)構(gòu)體系中,在每個(gè)管理層下可能有多個(gè)雇員或多個(gè)層次的雇員,但每個(gè)雇員只有一個(gè)管理者。 分層模型 揚(yáng)州大學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè) 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (外文翻譯 ) 8 第一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)使用的是 分層模型,也就是說,將數(shù)據(jù)記錄排列成樹形結(jié)構(gòu)。 ,發(fā)票和賬號(hào)的當(dāng)前信息。這些問題最初可能是模糊的并且(或者)是定義不恰當(dāng)?shù)模侨藗兛梢詾g覽數(shù)據(jù)庫直到獲得所需的信息。 DBMS 軟件包中的程序在數(shù)據(jù)庫與其用戶間建立接口。數(shù)據(jù)庫用于描述實(shí)體,其中的一個(gè)字段通常表示與實(shí)體的某一屬性相關(guān)的信息。數(shù)據(jù)庫的結(jié)構(gòu)是專門設(shè)計(jì)的,在各種數(shù)據(jù)處理操作命令的支持下,可以簡(jiǎn)化數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ),檢索,修改和刪除。 This short SQL mand returns to the client the list of files and folders under the c:\ directory of the SQL server. Note that this example uses an extended stored procedure that is exclusive to MS SQL Server. The second function that database server applications share is that they all require some form of authenticated connection between client and host. Although the SQL language is fairly easy to use, at least in its basic form, any client that wants to perform queries must first provide some form of credentials that will authorize the client。 揚(yáng)州大學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè) 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (外文翻譯 ) 2 Managers: who require more uptodata information to make effective decision Customers: who demand increasingly sophisticated information services and more current information about the status of their orders, invoices, and accounts. Users: who find that they can develop custom applications with database systems in a fraction of the time it takes to use traditional programming languages. Organizations : that discover information has a strategic value。揚(yáng)州大學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè) 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (外文翻譯 ) 1 外文資料 Database Management Systems A database (sometimes spelled data base) is also called an electronic database , referring to any collection of data, or information, that is specially organized for rapid search and retrieval by a puter. Databases are structured to facilitate the storage, retrieval , modification, and deletion of data in conjunction with various dataprocessing operations .Databases can be stored on magic disk or tape, optical disk, or some other secondary storage device. A database consists of a file or a set of files. The information in these files may be broken down into records, each of which consists of one or more fields. Fields are the basic units of data storage , and each field typically contains information pertaining to one aspect or attribute of the entity described by the database . Using keywords and various sorting mands, users can rapidly search , rearrange, group, and select the fields in many records to retrieve or create reports on particular aggregate of data. Complex data relationships and linkages may be found in all but the simplest databases .The system software package that handles the difficult tasks associated with creating ,accessing, and maintaining database records is called a database management system(DBMS).The programs in a DBMS package establish an interface between the database itself and the users of the database.. (These users may be applications programmers, managers and others with information needs, and various OS programs.) A DBMS can organize, process, and present selected data elements form the database. This capability enables decision makers to search, probe, and query database contents in order to extract answers to nonrecurring and unplanned questions that aren’t available in regular reports. These questions might initially be vague and/or poorly defined ,but people can “browse” through the database until they have the needed information. In short, the DBMS will “manage” the stored data items and assemble the needed items from
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