【正文】 Throughout our daily lives, we have known plenty of people and will know more. But how can we tell if someone is trustworthy? In a paper published recently in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, researcher gave us the answer.8．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題和主旨大意題三種常考題型。）和So to know more about them, observers of the language, maybe we should start with some background.（所以為了更多地了解這些語(yǔ)言的觀察者，也許我們應(yīng)該從一些背景知識(shí)開(kāi)始。）可知，首先是總結(jié)出這個(gè)詞的用法，第二步是決定是否涵蓋了使用情況，第三步是收集新單詞和新含義，然后寫含義，故選C。故選D。re looking for are words that catch our eye. We record the context of these words and information about the sources. Those records are added to a database, and they are the raw material we use in writing definitions.（我們要找的是能引起我們注意的詞。)可知，詞曲編纂者研究語(yǔ)言，編輯關(guān)于文字的真相。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Process of making a dictionary.C.D.C.B.The records offer the raw material to the editors.（3）Which of the following is the correct order of a lexicographer defining a word? a. Write a draft of the definition.b. Conclude the usage of the word.c. Pay attention to the new words and new senses.d. Decide whether the usage has been covered.A. records during their reading? A.They interview as many people as they can to collect new words.C.re looking for are words that catch our eye. We record the context of these words and information about the sources. Those records are added to a database, and they are the raw material we use in writing definitions. What do you guys do all day? The MerriamWebster(韋氏詞典) lexicographers(詞典編纂者) are part of a team that edits the dictionary. In a recent interview, Sokolowski and Stamper talked about their job and what the way we use words says about us collectively.第一段引出了基因工程這個(gè)話題，接下來(lái)從三個(gè)方面說(shuō)明了基因工程的益處，又從兩個(gè)方面闡述了基因工程的弊端，故選A。根據(jù)最后一段中的”Genetic engineering is a very new science and we have a lot to learn about the good it can do and the damage it can cause. The main concern is that not enough tests are being done to ensure it is safe.“基因工程是一門非常新的科學(xué)，關(guān)于它能帶來(lái)的好處和它能造成的破壞，我們有很多東西要學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)第一段中的”Plant breeders try to create a specific oute of plants and potentially new plant varieties by changing the genes of the plants through breeding, which is making new plants from parents of different varieties or species.“植物育種家試圖通過(guò)育種改變植物的基因來(lái)創(chuàng)造植物和潛在的新植物品種的特定結(jié)果，即從不同品種或物種的親本培育新植物，可知植物育種的目的是生產(chǎn)新的植物品種，故選C。D.B.animals are produced using the technology（3）The author39。B.D.produce new plant varieties However, genetically engineered plants can cause unexpected problems. Genetically engineered plants that resist pests may pass on that characteristic to a wild relative. This may cause the wild plant to spread fast, because pests are not naturally killing it. Crossbreeding can take such a long time, however, and it is inaccurate. Now, we can change exact sections of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), so the process is more accurate and faster. But people all over the world are arguing about its benefits and disadvantages. Some people use the technology to produce desired characteristics of plants and animals. Other people are concerned that the genetically engineered plants may harm the environment and worried that they may be dangerous for people to eat. （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第三段中的“In the ing days, the museum will display all the items found in the whale39。 （1）考查推理判斷。Plastic Threatening Our ExistenceA Whale Found Dead of PlasticInspiring.B.D.The whole system of the whale.C.t make preparations for the necropsy.（2）What will be shown in the D39。The whale was starved to death.B.Within the last 10 years, we have recovered 61 whales and dolphins just within the Davao Gulf, he said. Of them, 57 have died due to man whether they took plastic or fishing nets or other waste, or gotten caught in pollution — and four were pregnant.Bone Collector Museum, a natural history museum in Davao. In the ing days, the museum will display all the items found in the whale39。s stomach. It was full of plastic nothing but nonstop plastic. he said It was filled to the point that its stomach was as hard as a baseball. That means that this animal has been suffering not for days or weeks but for months or even a year or more, Blatchley added.Darrell Blatchley, a marine biologist and environmentalist based in the Philippine city of Davao, received a call from the Philippines, Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (漁業(yè)與水產(chǎn)資源局) early Friday morning reporting a death of a young whale. 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。故選B。根據(jù)第一段中的“Scientists have found what they believe are pieces of a meteor(流星)that fell to the earth last year.”可知，一場(chǎng)巨大的流星雨導(dǎo)致了在海中搜索的開(kāi)始。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。Describe the process of the search.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了他們認(rèn)為是去年墜落地球的流星碎片。They have better submarine equipment.（4）What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A.They like to explore strange sea areas.The brainstorm of researchers.（3）Why do the scientists prefer to search for meteors in the ocean? A.B.A huge meteor shower.To observe movements of the universe.C. The crew of the Nautilus, a private research ship, recovered the rock particles(顆粒).The Nautilus is operated by the Ocean Exploration Trust. The group says its aim at present is to examine areas of the ocean that have never been explored before.第二段中的“Now, researchers have said actors show different patterns of brain activity depending on whether they are in character or not.”現(xiàn)在，研究人員表示，演員的大腦活動(dòng)模式不同，取決于他們是否扮演角色，是全文的主題句，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)對(duì)于演員大腦活動(dòng)的研究，故選C。 to be someone — it involves embodying (體現(xiàn)) the text and language.”然而，利物浦大學(xué)教授Philip Davis對(duì)這項(xiàng)研究并不以為然。研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)演員在扮演角色時(shí)，他們會(huì)使用一些第三人稱知識(shí)或?qū)巧耐茢唷?（1）考查推理判斷。A play written by Shakespeare.C.Actors39。Acting is not as mysterious