【正文】 The waterway39。 故選D。第一段中提到登山者報(bào)告說看到一只長(zhǎng)頸鵝翱翔在珠穆朗瑪峰的頂峰。根據(jù)最后一段中的So it39。研究人員今天在《伊利費(fèi)》雜志上報(bào)道說，...這種降溫可能有助于補(bǔ)償空氣的稀??；第五段中的Although well trained, the birds were only willing to stay in the air a few minutesor less ... 盡管訓(xùn)練有素，但這些鳥只愿意在空中呆上幾分鐘。故選B。人們認(rèn)為這是不可能的；以及 Now researchers who raised 19 of the geesenamed for the black stripes on the backs of their headshave shown the birds really fly so high.現(xiàn)在研究人員飼養(yǎng)了這種鵝，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這些鵝真的飛得很高。A science report.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，登山者報(bào)告說看到一只長(zhǎng)頸鵝翱翔在珠穆朗瑪峰的頂峰，為了確認(rèn)其真實(shí)性，研究人員養(yǎng)了18只這種鵝，在大型風(fēng)洞中訓(xùn)練它們飛行。A travel brochure.A climbing guide.A science fiction.Whether they have super hearts and lungs.B.It was carried out at very high altitude.B.To test the flying height and speed of them.B. The team trained the youngsters to fly in a large wind tunnel wearing backpacks and face masks full of sensors that recorded their heart rate. blood oxygen levels, temperature, and metabolic rate—how many calories they burned per hour. The researchers simulated(模擬)10w, medium, and highaltitude conditions by altering the concentration of oxygen supplied to face masks worn by each goose as it flew in the tunnel.故選A。”故選D。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 （1）考查推理判斷。s response to warming should be more sensitive to the changes in the ice in Greenland is uncertain how fast the Earth changes with manmade global warming（3）Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? is easier for today39。 People might be surprised to see how today39。s sensitivity to warming, by testing and improving models of climate and ice sheet behaviour. Those models could then improve predictions of how Greenland39。 Although researchers have long known these two periods—the early Holocene and Last Interglacial—experienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly species shows that Greenland was even warmer than previously thought. As far as we know, it has never been found in Greenland. We think this is the first time anyone has reported it in ancient deposits or modern lakes there, Axford said. We were really surprised to see how far north it migrated (遷徙). A tiny clue found in ancient deposits has unlocked big secrets about Greenland39。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。通讀全文可知，短文說明了海洋氧含量下降是一個(gè)與氣候變化有關(guān)的令人擔(dān)憂的趨勢(shì)，海洋氧含量下降的原因以及對(duì)海洋生物的影響和對(duì)其生存的威脅。所以海洋中氧含量減少迫使動(dòng)物離開自己的棲息地，去氧氣含量較高的地區(qū)尋求庇護(hù)。故選C。根據(jù)第三段中的 as polar sea ice melts, it forms a layer of water above colder, more salty sea waters. This process creates a sort of lid that can keep currents from mixing surface water down to deeper depths. And because all oxygen enters the surface, less mixing means less of it at depth.可知，當(dāng)極地海冰融化時(shí)，它會(huì)在更冷、更咸的海水上形成一層水。其他地區(qū)的降幅較小，全球平均降幅為2%。同時(shí)介紹了海洋氧含量下降的原因以及對(duì)海洋生物的影響和對(duì)其生存的威脅。B.Some animals reduce their movements in order to absorb more oxygen.（4）Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A.Ocean deoxygenation changes some animals39。Polar ice melting consumes much oxygen in the ocean.B.The worsening deoxygenation in the warming ocean.B. Ocean animals large and small, however, respond to even slight changes in oxygen by seeking refuge in higher oxygen zones or by adjusting behavior, Oschlies and others in his field have found. These adjustments can expose animals to new predators or force them into foodscarce regions. Climate change already poses serious problems for marine life, such as ocean acidification, but deoxygenation is the most pressing issue facing sea animals today, Oschlies says. After all, he says, they all have to breathe.4．犇犇Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. 根據(jù)最后一段中的“Previous studies have shown some primates (靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物), birds, babies and even spiders can add and/or subtract. The new research, published in Science Advances, adds bees to that list.”此前的研究表明，一些靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物、鳥類、嬰兒甚至蜘蛛都可以加減法。但是數(shù)字認(rèn)知，比如精確的數(shù)字和算術(shù)運(yùn)算，需要更復(fù)雜的處理。t require a massive brain, there might also be new ways for us to include interactions of both longterm rules and working memory in designs to improve rapid AI learning of new problems,”如果數(shù)學(xué)不需要一個(gè)巨大的大腦，那么在設(shè)計(jì)中，我們也可能有新的方法來包括長(zhǎng)期規(guī)則和工作記憶的互動(dòng)，從而提高人工智能對(duì)新問題的快速學(xué)習(xí)，可知，Adrian Dyer認(rèn)為，蜜蜂的數(shù)字認(rèn)知對(duì)人工智能的未來發(fā)展可能有影響。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了蜜蜂能做基本的數(shù)學(xué)。發(fā)表在《科學(xué)進(jìn)展》(Science Advances)雜志上的這項(xiàng)新研究將蜜蜂也列入了這一名單。New Findings About Bees Having Numerical CogintionC.Arithmetic operations exist in human and bees.C.has a possible effect on the future development of AIC.Bees can perform plex arithmetic operations.D.s Professor Adrian Dyer said numerical (數(shù)字的) operations like addition and subtraction are plex because they require two levels of processing. “You need to be able to hold the rules around adding and subtracting in your longterm memory, while mentally using skillfully a set of given numbers in your shortterm memory,” Dyer said. “On top of this, our bees also used their shortterm memories to solve arithmetic problems, as they learned to recognize plus or minus as abstract concepts.” Solving math problems requires a plex level of involving the mental management of numbers, longterm rules and shortterm working memory. The finding that even the tiny brain of a honeybee can grasp basic mathematical operations has a possible effect on the future development of Artificial Intelligence, particularly in improving rapid learning.故選C。故選A。me International d39。s foot ...around a centimetre shorter than the Belgic foot”和“Greek, Egyptian and Babylonian versions of water in a fixed container varied from one another by a few kilos,以及The lieue (former measure of distance), for example, varied from just over 3 km in the north to nearly 6 km in the south”可推知，本段作者主要運(yùn)用了對(duì)比的寫作方法，把同一計(jì)量單位在不同國家之間或者在同一國家不同區(qū)域間的差異進(jìn)行了說明。根據(jù)第一段中的“man has been the measure of many, if not all, things ”以及下文提到的用作計(jì)量單位的手、腳、谷物重量和參考角豆種子重量的磅可知，本段主要講述了不同的東西被用作計(jì)量單位。 At a meeting in Versailles, France, on November 16th, 2018, the world39。Unit233。 從而可以推斷出，千足蟲是擁有多種防御機(jī)