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,15.2 [8.5, 27.2],Childhood HCC,Male Predominance : M/F = 34 : 1 2. HBV, But Not HCV, Related 90% HBsAg Positive, 86% HBeAg Negative, HBV Genome Integration into Host Genome, 94% Maternal HBsAg Positive Chang MH et al. Hepatology 1991。13:31620 Chang MH et al. Cancer 1989。 64: 237780,EFFECT OF UNIVERSAL HEPATITIS B VACCINATION ON HCC IN TAIWANESE CHILDREN, 69 YEARS,Birth HCC Incidence Year in Children 197484 0.52/10 5 198486 0.13/10 5 Chang MH, et al. N Engl Med 1997。 336:18559.,Incidence of HCC in Children Diagnosed at Aged 6 to 14 Years from July 1981 to June 2000 According to Birth Year,Birth Population No. of Incidence R.R. 95% Year* Cases (per 10 5) CI,196684 48,764,799 263 0.54 1 198494 17,817,510 35 0.20 0.36 0.260.52 __________________________________________________ * Birth Year was counted from July of one year to June of the next year. R.R.: risk ratio。 CI: confidence interval.,Chang MH, et al. Clin Cancer Res 2005。11: 79537.,Chang MH et al. JAMA2000。284:304042,Problems that remain to be solved for the control of Hepatitis amp。 related Diseases,Chang MH. Liver International 2003。 23: 30914.,Inadequate Resources 2. Poor Compliance 3. Vaccine Failure Intrauterine Infection Genetic Hyporesponsiveness Vaccine Escape Mutants / Variants,ACKNOWLEDGEMENT,Hepatitis B Study : HongYuan Hsu, YenHsuan Ni, HueyLing Chen, ChienJen Chen, DingShinn Chen Hepatoma Study : Tony Chen, HsuMei Hsu, TzeeChung Wu, ManShan Kong, DerCherng Liang, TaiTsung Chang, JiannShiuh Chen, ChiehChung Lin, FuChen Huang, MingTzong Cheng, ChiaHsian Chu, SuFen Wu, PeiShin Chang,Thank You Very Much,