【正文】 rs to sb 傳令給…… ⑧ give an order 下命令⑨ take / have one39。s order 請某人點(diǎn)菜 ⑩ keep order 維持秩序 ? have orders 奉命 ▲句型：① order do sth 命令某人干某事 ② order sth to be done 命令干某事③ order(that)sh / sth(should)+ ④ order sb sth 給某人訂購某物⑤ in order to do sth。in order thatclause 為了……⑥ We used the puter in order to save time.= We used the puter in order that we might save 。⑦ There came an order that...= An order came that...傳來……命令 ⑧ May I take / have your order? 你點(diǎn)菜嗎?(飯店服務(wù)員用語)▲辨析：mand；direct；order 三詞均意為“命令”，但mand語氣較強(qiáng)，多用于正式的場合。direct語氣較弱。order語氣較強(qiáng)，但比較局限和具體，多用于軍事指揮中，接賓語從句時需用虛擬語氣。例如：The men did as their officer had 。/ The general directed that his men should 。/ The police ordered the demonstrators to 。【考例2】(1996上海)I wonder if I could use your wonder how don39。t wonder , it39。s out of order wonder, here it is[考查目標(biāo)]考查交際用語。[答案與解析]Cout of order 表示“出故障”?！究键c(diǎn)4】pay的用法 ▲構(gòu)詞：① pay phone 公用電話② payday 發(fā)薪日 ③ pay envelope 工資袋④ wellpaid 高薪的 ▲ 搭配：① pay back 償還／歸還(借款等)；報答；報復(fù)；回敬 ② pay for sth 付錢；支付；為……付m(代價)③ pay off(one39。s debts)還清(債務(wù))④ pay sb back for...報答某人什么 ⑤ pay one39。s debt 還賬⑥ pay...a visit = pay a visit to 訪問……；拜訪…… ⑦ get / be paid = get one39。s pay 領(lǐng)工資；得到報酬 ⑧ pay taxes / rent / the bill 納稅／交租金／付賬 ⑨ pay one39。s respects to sb 向某人表示敬意 ⑩ pay attention to 注意 ▲ 句型：① pay sb some money for(doing)sth 干某事付給某人多少錢 ② pay sb + 錢付給某人多少錢 ③ pay for(doing)sth 為(干)某事付錢④ pay + 錢 + for(doing)sth 為(干)某事付多少錢 ⑤ pay sb to do sth 雇某人干某事 ▲ 辨析：fee；pay；salary；wage salary 指定期發(fā)放的工資，常以一個月或一年為期限，多為白領(lǐng)工作人員或管理部門的人員的工資 wage 多用復(fù)數(shù)wages，指體力勞動者的工資，指每周所發(fā)的工資或計(jì)時計(jì)件工資 pay 指發(fā)給軍人或其他公務(wù)員的“薪水”，經(jīng)常指永久性的、定期付給一定數(shù)量的錢 fee指為某種專業(yè)服務(wù)而付出的錢(如付給律師的)。例如：The fee for the concert is 100 。We can39。t afford private school 。It39。s a dirty job but the pay is ，但工資不錯。My salary is paid directly into my bank 。What39。s the average wage in this country? 這個國家的平均工資是多少? 【考例4】(NMET 1998)Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____ by the pay [考查目標(biāo)]考查 get paid 的含義。[答案與解析]C get paid 領(lǐng)工資；得到報酬?！究键c(diǎn)8】serve 的用法 ▲構(gòu)詞： ① service ② servant ，傭人③ servicecharge ＝ tip ，小費(fèi) ④ a service industry 一種服務(wù)性行業(yè) ▲ 搭配：① serve sb heart anti soul 全心全意為人民服務(wù) ② serve as / for 某物當(dāng)……用；用作；起……作用③ serve one39。s turn / need / purpose 適合某人的目的 /需要 / 心意 ④ serve in the army 服役⑤ provide good aftersales service 提供優(yōu)質(zhì)⑥ munity service 社區(qū)服務(wù) ⑦ go into service 投入使用；去幫傭 ⑧ in service 當(dāng)傭人；在職；服兵役；使用中⑨ do sb a(great)service 幫某人個(大)忙；給某人...(大)忙 ⑩ be at one39。s service 聽候某人吩咐；聽?wèi){某人使用 ?At your ；聽候您的吩咐▲ 句型：① serve sb(with)sth = serve sth to sb 拿／用……招待／款待某人 ② Can I be of(any)service to you? 我能幫你什么忙嗎? ③ be of service to...對……有用／有幫助／有好處【考例8】(NMET 1993)In some parts of the world, tea ____ with milk and serving served [考查目標(biāo)] 考查固定短語。[答案與解析]B 考查 be served with 固定短語。 young a body [說明]在一個帶有形容詞的名詞詞組中，不定冠詞a / 。但是，, too, how, quite 時，a / an應(yīng)放 。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：so / too / how / quite + adj.+ a / an + n.。He is so good a student./ It is too difficult a job for 1)，多余的，剩余的 a spare tire 備用輪胎 / spare cash 余款I(lǐng)f you have a spare bed, may I stay tonight? / Have you any spare time to help me? 2)，抽出spare no effort / pain 不遺余力 / spare no expense 不惜工本 / Please spare me your opinions, just tell me the facts./ Can you spare this time to help me? / Can you spare me this book for a while? ▲ 搭配：① in one39。s spare time 在空余時間；在業(yè)余時間 ② spare no pains / efforts to do sth 不遺余力地去做某事 ③ spare one39。s energy 節(jié)省精力【考例3】(2005湖北)They started off late and got to the airport with minutes to [考查目標(biāo)]考查幾個與時間名詞搭配的動詞含義。[答案與解析]A 題意為“他們出發(fā)晚了，只剩下幾分鐘的時間趕往機(jī)場”。to spare = be able to afford to give(time, money, etc.)意為“多余。余富”?！究键c(diǎn)5】turn 的用法▲ 構(gòu)詞：turning n.[C]拐彎處，拐角處 ▲搭配：① turn around / round 轉(zhuǎn)過身；轉(zhuǎn)過來② turn away 把……打發(fā)走；解雇；拒絕；把臉扭開 ③ turn down 關(guān)小；調(diào)低；拒絕 ④ turn green 變綠⑤ turn in 上繳；移交給警察⑥ turn off 關(guān)掉(自來水、電燈、收音機(jī)等)；切斷 ⑦ turn on 開；旋開(電燈、無線電等)⑧ turn over 翻到；翻身；翻(書頁)；翻動；翻耕(土地)；把…翻一翻；移交(工作)；轉(zhuǎn)讓(公司)⑨ turn to 翻到；轉(zhuǎn)向；求救于；求助于⑩ turn up 調(diào)大；出現(xiàn)；到達(dá)；找到；轉(zhuǎn)彎；轉(zhuǎn)向 ? turn...into...把……變成…… ? wait one39。s turn 等著輪到某人 ? by turns 輪流地．依次 ? turn out 結(jié)果證明是；生產(chǎn) ? turn into 進(jìn)入? in turn 依次；反過來(表示對比)▲句型：① turn + n.= bee a / an / the + ② turn + adj.(green / yellow / deaf)變得 It39。s one39。s turn to do sth = Now es one39。s turn to do sth 輪到某人干某事了；該某人干某事 一般疑問句：Is it one39。s turn to do sth? 特殊疑問句：Whose turn is it to do sth? take turns(at)doing sth / to do sth = take one39。s turn to do sth = do sth by turns = do sth in turn 輪流千某事“(結(jié)果)證明”可表達(dá)為：...turn out(to be)+ 名詞或形容詞；It turns / turned out that + 句子。例如：The meeting turned out to be a great 。= It turned out that the meeting was a great success.▲ 辨析：①bee。get。go。grow。turn 該組詞作系動詞用時，均表示變化，但bee意為“變成，成為，轉(zhuǎn)為”，多用于書面語，多指有一種狀態(tài)向另一種狀態(tài)的變化，所表示的變化過程往往已經(jīng)完成，其后可接形容詞、名詞等作表語。get意為“變成，……起來”，多用于口語，多指由一種狀態(tài)變成另一種狀態(tài)，表示短時間的狀態(tài)變化，其后接形容詞、不定式或現(xiàn)在分詞等作表語。go常指由好變壞或由正常情況變成特殊情況。如：go bad / blind / mad / crazy / wrong / red變壞 /變瞎 / 變瘋 / 出毛病 /(氣得臉)變紅；表示短時間的狀態(tài)變化，其后接形容詞等作表語。grow有“逐漸變成新狀態(tài)”之意，強(qiáng)調(diào)變化過程。turn意為“變成”，表示成為完全不同的事物，強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的結(jié)果。其后可接形容詞作表語，一般表示東西變質(zhì)，人或天氣變壞及顏色的變化等，后接名詞時，名詞前無冠詞。例如：Johnson has bee a lawyer, but Michael remains a waiter at a ，可Michael卻還在一家賓館當(dāng)服務(wù)員。/ Don39。t get too excited!不要太激動!/ Meat goes bad easily in 。/ The smoke grew 。/ The milk turned 。He has turned journalist.= He has bee a 。② close shut；turn off 該組詞均表達(dá)“關(guān)，關(guān)閉”之意，但close意為“關(guān)，關(guān)閉，封閉”，是較正式的用語，常指把門窗、箱子、盒千等關(guān)閉起來或?qū)⑹褂弥穆贩忾]起來。shut意為“關(guān)，關(guān)閉，關(guān)牢”，可與互換使用，但其意味更強(qiáng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)關(guān)的結(jié)果，含有關(guān)緊或關(guān)牢之意。turn off 意為“關(guān)．關(guān)閉”，常用于電源、電燈、電視、收音機(jī)等電器及水流等液體的關(guān)閉?！究祭?】(2004浙江)We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn39。t quite ____ as out out on up [考查目標(biāo)] 考查動詞短語辨析。[答案與解析]Bmake out表示“分辨”；turn out表示“結(jié)果是”；go on 表示“繼續(xù)”；e up表示“問題等被提出”。結(jié)合上下文的意思應(yīng)該選turn out。【考點(diǎn)7】waste 的用法▲ 搭配：a waste of……的浪費(fèi) ▲ 句型：① waste sth 浪費(fèi)；消耗② waste time / money +(in)doing sth 浪費(fèi)時間／金錢干某事 ③ waste time / money + on sth 浪費(fèi)時間 / 金錢……④ It39。s(a)waste of time / money / breath + to do sth./ doing sth 干某事是白費(fèi)時間／錢／口舌 【考例7】(NMET 1995)You39。re ____ your time trying to persuade him。he39。ll never join [考查目標(biāo)]考查動詞的辨析。[答案與解析]B 根據(jù)上下文的意思”他不會加到我們中的，所以你是在浪費(fèi)時間”。[牛刀小試1] 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：(spare, hope, waste, hand, expect, envy) until I began to work did I realize how much time I had are tired of learning