【正文】 一種配有刷子的“自助衣服”，價(jià)格兩美元。Price, of course, is a critical factor behind the paper a department store features simple Aline dresses made of what it calls “devilmaycare cellulose fiber and nylon.” At $ each, it is almost cheaper for the consumer to buy and discard a new one than to send an ordinary dress to the it will more than economics is involved, for the extension of the throwaway culture has important psychological ，價(jià)格是紙用品猛增的重要原因。因此有一家百貨商店很有特色，店內(nèi)全是清一色的衣服，這些衣服都是用被稱作“魔鬼也會(huì)留意的纖維和尼龍”做成的。，對(duì)于消費(fèi)者來(lái)說(shuō)，一次性要比普通衣服送進(jìn)洗衣店要便宜的多。但不僅僅是經(jīng)濟(jì)問題，一次性文化的蔓延還帶來(lái)了不容忽視的精神影響。***We develop a throwaway mentality to match our throwaway mentality produces, among other things, a set of radically altered values with respect to the spread of disposability through the society also implies decreased durations in manthing of being linked with a single object over a relatively long span of time, we are linked for brief periods with the succession of objects that supplant ，來(lái)適應(yīng)一次性的產(chǎn)品。這種心態(tài)使得我們對(duì)于物品的價(jià)值觀產(chǎn)生了巨大的改變。然而社會(huì)中的一次性文化的蔓延也預(yù)示著人類和物品的關(guān)系持續(xù)的時(shí)間越來(lái)越短。我們只是和一系列馬上將被代替的物品保持短期的聯(lián)系，而不是和某一物品保持長(zhǎng)期的聯(lián)系。Unit8Cultivating a Hobby 培養(yǎng)一種業(yè)余愛好A gifted American psychologist has said, “Worry is a spasm of the emotion。the mind catches hold of something and will not let it go.” It is useless to argue with the mind in this stronger the will is, the more futile the task can only gently insinuate something else into its rightly chosen, if it is really attended by the illumination of another field of interest, gradually, and often quite swiftly, the old undue grip relaxes and the process of recuperation and repair, ：“憂慮是一陣情感的沖動(dòng)，意識(shí)一旦陷入某種狀態(tài)，這種狀態(tài)將很難被改變?！痹谶@種情況下，與意識(shí)去抗?fàn)幨峭絼诘?。意志力越?qiáng)，這種抗?fàn)幘驮斤@得徒勞無(wú)益。這時(shí)，唯一的解決辦法只能是悄悄的滲入某種新的東西，來(lái)分散注意力。如果這種新的東西選擇恰當(dāng)，而且確實(shí)能激起你對(duì)另一領(lǐng)域的興趣，漸漸地、而且經(jīng)常是非常迅速地，你過分緊張的情緒就會(huì)緩解，你又開始恢復(fù)到原來(lái)的狀態(tài)。The cultivation of a hobby and the forms of interest is therefore a policy of first importance to a public this is not a business that can be untaken in a day or swiftly improvised by a mere mand of the growth of alternative mental interests is a long seeds must be carefully chosen。they must fall on good ground。they must be sedulously tended, if the vivifying fruits are to be at band when ，對(duì)一個(gè)公眾人物來(lái)說(shuō)，培養(yǎng)一種業(yè)余愛好、一種新的興趣顯得尤為重要。但這不是一件一朝一日或憑一時(shí)的意氣就能一蹴而就的事情。這種替代憂慮的心理興趣培養(yǎng)是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的過程。它的種子必須要精挑細(xì)選，然后播撒到肥沃的土壤中，要想得到籽粒飽滿、需要時(shí)隨手可摘的果實(shí)，還必須對(duì)他們精心呵護(hù)。To be really happy really safe, one ought to have at least two or three hobbies, and they must all be is no use starting late in life to say: “I will take an interest in this or that.” Such an attempt only aggravates the strain of mental man may acquire great knowledge of topics unconnected with his daily work, and yet hardly get any benefit or is no use doing what you like。you have got to like what you speaking, human beings may be divided into three classes。those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are bored to is no use offering the manual laborer, tired out with a hard week’s sweat and effort, the chance of playing a game of football or baseball on Saturday is no use inviting the politician or the professional or businessman, who has been working or worrying about serious things for six days, to work or worry about trifling things at the ，而且每次都能真正奏效，一個(gè)人必須有兩種或三種業(yè)余愛好，而且必須是真正的業(yè)余愛好。一個(gè)人到了晚年才說(shuō)：“我要培養(yǎng)這種或那種興趣?！蹦且呀?jīng)沒有任何意義了。這種嘗試只能更加增加大腦的壓力。一個(gè)人可能具有與他日常工作無(wú)關(guān)的大量的知識(shí)，但這些知識(shí)并無(wú)助于他減輕心理壓力。隨心所欲的做你喜歡的工作不會(huì)幫你減輕心理壓力，而是你必須設(shè)法喜歡你目前所做的工作。大致來(lái)說(shuō)，人可分為三類：第一類人是累死；第二類人是愁死；第三類人是煩死。體力勞動(dòng)者經(jīng)過一周的辛勤勞動(dòng)已經(jīng)筋疲力盡，再讓他們?cè)谥芰挛缣咦闱蚧虼虬羟驘o(wú)助于消除他們的疲勞。讓那些為一些大事已經(jīng)連續(xù)工作或煩惱了六天的政治家、專業(yè)人員或工商界人士來(lái)說(shuō)，在周末的時(shí)候讓他們?yōu)橐恍╇u毛蒜皮的小事煩惱費(fèi)神，也不會(huì)使他們身心輕松。As for the unfortunate people who can mand everything they want, who can gratify every caprice and lay their hands on almost every object of desire — for them a new pleasure, a new excitement is only an additional vain they rush frantically round from place to place, trying to escape from avenging boredom by mere clatter and them discipline in one form or another is the most hopeful ：那些可以隨意發(fā)號(hào)施令；那些隨心所欲，無(wú)所不能的人，新的樂趣、新的喜悅對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)是無(wú)所謂的事情。他們狂亂地從一個(gè)地方跑到另一個(gè)地方、想通過不斷換地方的這種方式來(lái)擺脫煩惱，這是徒勞的。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，條理、規(guī)矩是他們最有希望擺脫煩惱的辦法。It may also be said that rational, industrious, useful human beings are dividing into two classes: first, those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure。and secondly, those whose work and pleasure are these the former is have their long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance（生計(jì)）, but a keen appetite for leisure even in its simplest and most modest ，不僅帶給他們維持生計(jì)的金錢，還帶給他們一種渴求娛樂的強(qiáng)烈欲望，哪怕這種娛樂消遣是以最簡(jiǎn)單、最樸實(shí)的方式進(jìn)行的。But Fortune’s favored children belong to the second life is a natural them the working hours are never long day is a holiday, and ordinary holidays when they e are grudged as enforced interruptions in an absorbing to both classes the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is , it may well be that those whose work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their ，理智、勤奮、有才能的人可以分為兩類：第一類是工作與娛樂涇渭分明；第二類人是工作與娛樂合二為一。大多數(shù)人屬于前者。他們有他們的報(bào)酬。長(zhǎng)時(shí)間在辦公室或工廠的辛勤勞作不僅使他們得到了維持生命的薪水，而且培養(yǎng)了他們追求快樂的強(qiáng)烈愿望，即使僅僅是那些最簡(jiǎn)單、最樸實(shí)的形式。然而命運(yùn)女神所偏愛的卻是第二類人。他們的生活自然、和諧。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，工作的時(shí)間永遠(yuǎn)都不夠長(zhǎng)。每一天都是假期，法定假期到來(lái)時(shí)，他們不愿休假，埋怨（認(rèn)為）這是強(qiáng)行中斷干擾了他們精彩的假期。然而，這兩類人都必須改變一下他們的觀點(diǎn)，調(diào)整一下氣氛、轉(zhuǎn)移一下奮斗的方向。事實(shí)上或許那些以工作為樂的人正是那些最需要通過一種興趣或愛好使自己適時(shí)忘記自己工作的人。