【導(dǎo)讀】實(shí)用，使用方便可靠。本套模具的設(shè)計(jì)不是以復(fù)雜模具的設(shè)計(jì)為主，而主。的基本技能的目的。首先，對(duì)零件做整體的分析。為了降低成本，對(duì)排樣方式進(jìn)行了合理的設(shè)計(jì)；壓力機(jī)的選擇等來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)所要達(dá)到的要求；再次，想要保證制件精度的要求，因?yàn)槿锌谑菦_制工件的主要工作部分，刃。口處的精度就決定了制件的精度，就必須根據(jù)公差來(lái)進(jìn)行精確計(jì)算。

　　

【正文】 氮化、滲硼、滲鈮、滲釩、表面鍍硬鉻和電火花強(qiáng)化外，化學(xué)氣相沉積 (CVD)和物理氣相黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 36 沉積 (PVD)已逐步采用。經(jīng) CVD 和 PVD 處理后，模具表面覆蓋一層超硬物質(zhì)，如 TiC、 TiN 等。硬度極高、耐磨性、耐蝕性、抗黏合性很好，可提高模具壽命幾倍到幾十倍。 4．沖模零件的制造精度對(duì)模具壽命的影響 沖模制造的精度與使用壽命關(guān)系很大，特別是模具表面粗糙度對(duì)模具影響很大。如用 Crl2MoV 鋼制造落料模，如果表面粗糙度值 R =1． 6 m 時(shí)，其壽命為 3 萬(wàn)件左右。如經(jīng)精拋光，表面粗糙度值 R =0． 4 m，壽命可提高到 4— 5 萬(wàn) 件。因此，對(duì)模具工作零件表面，一般都要經(jīng)過(guò)磨削、研磨、拋光等精加工和精細(xì)加工。 5．其他方面對(duì)模具壽命的影響 (1)壓力機(jī)的精度不高，也易使沖模損壞。 (2)沖模在壓力機(jī)上安裝的正確與否及操作者的技術(shù)水平高低，對(duì)模具壽命也有很大影響。 (3)沖模的保管和維護(hù)好壞，以及使用潤(rùn)滑劑的的情況，也影響模具使用壽命 黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 37 Life of cold stamping die and mprovements Overview of stamping die Stamping Die Stamping in the cold, the material (metal or nonmetallic) processing into parts (or half) of a special technical equipment, called cold stamping die (monly know n as Die). Press is at room temperature, using the die installed in the press to put pressure on the materia l to produce a separation or plastic deformation, and thus to obtain the necessary parts of a pressure processing method. Stamping die in the form of many, the general categories according to the following main features: 1. According to the technical nature of (1) Die along the closed or open contour the material are derived from mold. If blanking die, punch die, cut off the mold, cut mode, cutting mode, split mode, etc.. (2) bending mode to blank or blank sheet along a straight line (curved line) to bend, deform, and thus obtain a certain angle and shape of the workpiece in the mold. (3) The drawing die is made of the blank sheet opening hollow, or hollow pieces of further changes to the shape and size of the mold. (4) Die rough or semifinished workpiece is convex according to plan, direct copy the shape of the die shape, the material itself, generate only local plastic deformation of the mold. Such as the bulging mode, reducing the die, expansion die, forming die rolling, flanging mold, plastic mold. 2. According to the degree classification process bination (1) single process model in a press tour, just pleted a die stamping process. (2) posite model is only one station, in a press tour, at the same station at the same time to plete more than two or two die stamping process. (3) Progressive Die (also know n as the modulus of continuity) in the feeding direction, rough, with two or more of the station, at the press of a visit, work in different places on the pletion of two or two succ essive Road over stamping die process. 黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 38 Die with the main parts Die stamping tools is the main process equipment, stamping rely on the relative movement under the mold pleted. Processing time because the upper and lower mold between the constant divisi on and, if continued operation of the fingers of workers to enter or remain in the mold closed, there will certainly pose a serious threat to their personal safety. (A) of the mold main parts, function and safety requirements 1. Working parts is a direct punch to blank forming the working parts, therefore, it is the key to mold parts. Punch not only sophisticated and plex, it should meet the following requirements: (1) be of sufficient strength, can not be broken or destroyed during stamping. (2) should be appropriate to its material and heat treatment requirements, to prevent too high hardness and brittle fracture. 2. Positioning parts positioning part is to determine the location of the parts installed blank, there are pins (board), gauge pin (plate), lead is sold, guide plate, knife set from the side, side pressure etc.. Design should be considered when positioning parts easy to operate and should not have had orientation, location to facilitate observation, preferably in the forward position, contouring to correct the pin location and positioning. 3. Binder, unloading and discharging parts binder ponents are blank holder, binder board. Blank holder pressure can drawing blank holder force, thereby preventing billets under the action of the tangential pressure arch formed folds. The role of pressure plate to prevent movement and bounce blank. Top of the device, discharge board39。s role is to facilitate the pieces and clean up waste. Them by the spring, rubber and equipment, putting on the air cushion support, can move up and down, knocking out pieces of the design should have enough top output, movement to the limited spaces. Stripper plate area should be minimized or closed position in the operating groove milling out emptyhanded. Exposure of the stripper plate should have protection around the plate, to prevent finger inserted into or foreign objects inside, exposed 黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 39 surface edges should be blunt down. 4. Guide parts and guide sleeve guide pin is the most widely used part of a guide. Its role is to ensure punch the punching clearance w hen accurate match. Therefore, the guide posts, guide cover the gap should be less than the blanking clearance. Guide Post located next mold base, to ensure that the stroke bottom dead center, the lead column in the template on the face over the top for at least 5 to 10 mm. Guide columns should be arranged far away from the module and the pressure plate in the area, so the operator39。s arms do not get to take over the lead column material. 5. Supporting and clamping the upper and lower parts w hich includes templates, die handle, fixed plate punch, plate, stopper, etc.. Up and dow n the template is the basis of the cold die parts, other parts are respectively fixed at the top. Template plane size, especially around the direction to be patible with the workpiece, too large or too small are not conducive to action. Some molds (blanking, punching type mold) to the pieces of convenience, be set up under the mold plate. At this time the best and the template plate connected between the screw, the two plate thickness should