【正文】 the television screen have imprinted this brutal division of a continent upon the mind of the before the Brandenburg Gate, every man is a German separated from his fellow man is a Berliner, forced to look upon a Von Weizs228。cker has said, “The German question is open as long as the Brandenburg Gate is closed.” Well todaytoday I say: As long as this gate is closed, as long as this scar of a wall is permitted to stand, it is not the German question alone that remains open, but the question of freedom for all , I do not e here to I find in Berlin a message of hope, even in the shadow of this wall, a message of this season of spring in 1945, the people of Berlin emerged from their airraid shelters to find of miles away, the people of the United States reached out to in 1947 Secretary of Stateas you39。ve been toldGeorge Marshall announced the creation of what would bee known as the Marshall precisely 40 years ago this month, he said: “Our policy is directed not against any country or doctrine, but against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos.”In the Reichstag a few moments ago, I saw a display memorating this 40th anniversary of the Marshall was struck by a signthe sign on a burntout, gutted structure that was being understand that Berliners of my own generation can remember seeing signs like it dotted throughout the western sectors of the sign read simply: “The Marshall Plan is helping here to strengthen the free world.” A strong, free world in the Westthat dream became rose from ruin to bee an economic , France, Belgiumvirtually every nation in Western Europe saw political and economic rebirth。the European Community was West Germany and here in Berlin, there took place an economic miracle, the , Erhard, Reuter, and other leaders understood the practical importance of libertythat just as truth can flourish only when the journalist is given freedom of speech, so prosperity can e about only when the farmer and businessman enjoy economic German leadersthe German leaders reduced tariffs, expanded free trade, lowered 1950 to 1960 alone, the standard of living in West Germany and Berlin four decades ago there was rubble, today in West Berlin there is the greatest industrial output of any city in Germany: busy office blocks, fine homes and apartments, proud avenues, and the spreading lawns of a city39。s culture seemed to have been destroyed, today there are two great universities, orchestras and an opera, countless theaters, and there was want, today there39。s abundancefood, clothing, automobilesthe wonderful goods of the Kudamm.185。 From devastation, from utter ruin, you Berliners have, in freedom, rebuilt a city that once again ranks as one of the greatest on the Soviets may have had other my friends, there were a few things the Soviets didn39。t count on: Berliner Herz, Berliner Humor, ja, und Berliner Schnauze.[Berliner heart, Berliner humor, yes, and a Berliner Schnauze.178。]In the 1950sIn the 1950s Khrushchev predicted: “We will bury you.”But in the West today, we see a free world that has achieved a level of prosperity and wellbeing unprecedented in all human the Communist world, we see failure, technological backwardness, declining standards of health, even want of the most basic kindtoo little today, the Soviet Union still cannot feed these four decades, then, there stands before the entire world one great and inescapable conclusion: Freedom leads to replaces the ancient hatreds among the nations with ity and is the nownow the Soviets themselves may, in a limited way, be ing to understand the importance of hear much from Moscow about a new policy of reform and political prisoners have been foreign news broadcasts are no longer being economic enterprises have been permitted to operate with greater freedom from state these the beginnings of profound changes in the Soviet state? Or are they token gestures intended to raise false hopes in the West, or to strengthen the Soviet system without changing it? We wele change and openness。for we believe that freedom and security go together, that the advance of human libertythe advance of human liberty can only strengthen the cause of world is one sign the Soviets can make that would be unmistakable, that would advance dramatically the cause of freedom and Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization: Come here to this , open this , tear down this wall!I understand the fear of war and the pain of division that afflict this continent, and I pledge to you my country39。s efforts to help overe these be sure, we in the West must resist Soviet , we must maintain defenses of unassailable we seek peace。so we must strive to reduce arms on both 10 years ago, the Soviets challenged the Western alliance with a grave new threat, hundreds of new and more deadly SS20 nuclear missiles capable of striking every capital in Western alliance responded by mitting itself to a counterdeployment(unless the Soviets agreed to negotiate a better solution)namely, the elimination of such weapons on both many months, the Soviets refused to bargain in the alliance, in turn, prepared to go forward with its counterdeployment, there were difficult days, days of protests like those during my 1982 visit to this city。and the Soviets later walked away from the through it all, the alliance held I invite those who protested thenI invite those who protest todayto mark this fact: Because we remained strong, the Soviets came back to the we remained strong, today we have within reach the possibility, not merely of limiting the growth of arms, but of eliminating, for the first time, an entire class of nuclear weapons from the face of the I speak, NATO ministers are meeting in Iceland to review the progress of our proposals for eliminating these the talks in Geneva, we have also proposed deep cuts in strategic offensive the Western allies have likewise made farreaching proposals to reduce the danger of conventional war and to place a total b