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畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)-基于模糊控制技術(shù)的分解爐的溫度控制設(shè)計(jì)-資料下載頁

2024-12-03 18:53本頁面

【導(dǎo)讀】水泥生產(chǎn)過程是一個(gè)理化反應(yīng)過程,系統(tǒng)工況復(fù)雜多變,難以得到精確的數(shù)學(xué)模型。果,因此需要現(xiàn)代控制技術(shù)運(yùn)用到水泥生產(chǎn)過程中。我國(guó)大力發(fā)展的新型干法窯外分解。水泥生產(chǎn)技術(shù)就是在預(yù)熱器和回轉(zhuǎn)窯之間增設(shè)分解爐。分解爐是預(yù)分解系統(tǒng)的核心部。達(dá)到90%以上,從而大大提高了回轉(zhuǎn)窯單位有效容積的產(chǎn)量。碳酸鹽的有效分解是制約。如果溫度過高,會(huì)造。成預(yù)熱器堵塞;如果溫度太低,則導(dǎo)致碳酸鹽分解不充分,增加了回轉(zhuǎn)窯的負(fù)荷,同時(shí),使生產(chǎn)出來的水泥在應(yīng)用中水解緩慢,嚴(yán)重影響建筑質(zhì)量。通過人工調(diào)節(jié)來獲得滿意的分解爐溫度。普遍存在的問題。而模糊控制是以模糊集合論、模糊語言變量和模糊邏輯推理為基礎(chǔ)的。它直接采用語言型控制規(guī)則,出發(fā)點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)場(chǎng)操作人員的控制。因此,利用模糊控制技術(shù)對(duì)分解爐的溫。度進(jìn)行控制具有重要的科學(xué)意義和廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。的需要,因此有必要對(duì)水泥的生產(chǎn)設(shè)備進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。需求量日益增多。因此,預(yù)分解窯在此時(shí)段內(nèi)得到

  

【正文】 emperature deviation is Positive Big then output is Negative Big; 規(guī)則 41: If temperature deviation is Positive Big and change in the temperature deviation is Negative Big then output is Negative Small; 規(guī)則 42: If temperature deviation is Positive Big and change in the temperature deviation is Negative Small then output is Negative Small; 規(guī)則 43: If temperature deviation is Positive Big and change in the temperature deviation is Zero then output is Negative Medium; 規(guī)則 44: If temperature deviation is Positive Big and change in the temperature deviation is Positive Small then output is Negative Medium; 規(guī)則 45: If temperature deviation is Positive Big and change in the temperature deviation is Positive Big then output is Negative Big; 控制系統(tǒng) 仿真實(shí)驗(yàn) 為了觀察比較 PID 控制 系統(tǒng)和模糊控制系統(tǒng)的控制性能,本文利用 Matlab 的simulink工具箱 分別對(duì) PID控制系統(tǒng)和 ANFIS(adaptive neurofuzzy inference system)模糊控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真。為了簡(jiǎn)化模型,將水泥分解爐看作大時(shí)滯的一階慣性系統(tǒng),其傳遞函數(shù)為 ( ) 1sG s e Ts????,分別用 PID 控制器和本文設(shè)計(jì)的模糊控制器構(gòu)成控制系統(tǒng), 在系統(tǒng)中利用一個(gè)方式選擇開關(guān)實(shí)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)控制器的切換, 并對(duì)系統(tǒng)的輸出波形進(jìn)行比較,仿真結(jié)構(gòu)圖如圖 34 所示。 圖 35 為 PID 控制 系統(tǒng)輸出波形 , 圖 36 為 模糊控制系統(tǒng)輸出波形 。雖然兩 者都可以很快達(dá)到設(shè)定溫度值 , 但 是 PID 控制出現(xiàn)較大的超調(diào)量,控制初期波動(dòng)較大,難以適中國(guó)民航 大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 28 應(yīng)對(duì)象參數(shù)的變化。模糊控制優(yōu)于常規(guī)的 PID 控制,其控制特點(diǎn)為 超調(diào)量基本為零,控制過程的魯棒性很好,抗干擾能力強(qiáng),調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)間短,系統(tǒng)很快進(jìn)入穩(wěn)態(tài) 。 過 程的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)品質(zhì)因素明顯優(yōu)于 PID 控制,無振蕩,控制精度很高。 圖 34 控制系統(tǒng)仿真圖 圖 35 PID 控制系統(tǒng)輸出波形 中國(guó)民航 大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 29 圖 36 模糊控制系統(tǒng)輸出波形 中國(guó)民航 大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 30 結(jié) 論 隨著水泥裝備向大型化發(fā)展的需要,以預(yù)分解技術(shù)改進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)的水泥生產(chǎn)方式是當(dāng)前我國(guó)水泥工業(yè)的發(fā)展方向。分解爐是預(yù)分解系統(tǒng)的核心部分,它承擔(dān)了預(yù)分解窯系統(tǒng)中煤粉燃燒、氣固換熱和碳酸鹽分解任務(wù)。碳酸鹽的有效分解是制約水泥質(zhì)量的重要因 素,而它的有效分解需要一個(gè)相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的溫度,因此分解爐的溫度控制對(duì)整個(gè)預(yù)分解系統(tǒng)的熱力分布、熱工制度的穩(wěn)定至關(guān)重要。 本文通過研究水泥分解爐結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn), 首先 確定 了 影響水泥分解爐溫度的主要因素,然后對(duì)模糊控制技術(shù)進(jìn)行 了 研究,包括變量模糊化的方法和原理、模糊決策的方法、逆模糊化的方法等。最后,將模糊控制技術(shù)應(yīng)用到水泥分解爐溫度控制中,實(shí)現(xiàn) 了 對(duì)分解爐溫度的自動(dòng)控制。中國(guó)民航 大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 31 參考文獻(xiàn) [1]郭璟,袁鑄鋼,申濤,基于水泥分解爐工況分析的優(yōu)化控制,濟(jì)南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào), 2021,22(2): 125127 [2]湯杰群, RSP 分解爐堵塞 事故分析及其使用與優(yōu)化,水泥工程, 2021,第 1 期 [3]陳艷征,李安平,盧平, CFD 技術(shù)在分解爐結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)上的應(yīng)用,中國(guó)水泥, 2021,7(4): 3538 [4]熊會(huì)思,預(yù)熱器和分解爐的發(fā)展 (七 ),新世紀(jì)水泥導(dǎo)報(bào), 2021, 8(5): 5861 [5]劉曉琳,基于神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的水泥分解爐溫度控制, 自動(dòng)化技術(shù)與應(yīng)用 , 2021, 10(3):59 [6] P, Albertors, M, Martinez, Faulttolerant Artificial Neural Netwoks, The Second IEEE Conference on Control Applications, 2021: 6975 [7]彭祖贈(zèng),孫韞玉,模糊 (Fuzzy)數(shù)學(xué)及其應(yīng)用,武漢大學(xué)出版社, 2021 年 [8]姚通穩(wěn)等, 預(yù)分解窯分解爐溫度的模糊控制設(shè)計(jì)與仿真 ,建材技術(shù)與應(yīng)用, 2021,27(5): 1719 [9]陳曉云,殷芳,基于智能控制的水泥自動(dòng)化研究, 2021, (1): 3235 中國(guó)民航大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 論文 32 后記 本文的研究工作是在劉曉琳 老師的關(guān)懷和指導(dǎo)下完成的。在該課題的研究過程中,導(dǎo)師嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)闹螌W(xué)態(tài)度給我做出了表率,這些將激勵(lì)我在將來的學(xué)習(xí)、工作和生活中 更加嚴(yán)格地要求自己。謹(jǐn)在此論文完成之際,對(duì) 我的導(dǎo)師和航空自動(dòng)化學(xué)院全體老師四年來的辛勤培養(yǎng)和諄諄教誨表示深切的感激之情! 通過本課題的實(shí)際鍛煉,使我學(xué)會(huì)了查閱、檢索參考資料的方法,培養(yǎng)了我分析問題、解決問題的能力。為今后的學(xué)習(xí)和工作打下了一定的基礎(chǔ)。 衷心的感謝課題組同學(xué)所給予的大力支持和無私幫助!同時(shí),也感謝我的朋友們!中國(guó)民航大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 33 附錄 外文資料翻譯原文部分: ATC System General The Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System, (ATC system), provides airplane tracking, altitude and identification information to an ATC ground station. The ATC transponder responds to ground station interrogations in one of three different modes: modeA, modeC and modeS. ModeA and ModeC provide identification and altitude information. ModeS provides selective airplane identification and data link capabilities. After a ground station interrogation, the transponder automatically transmits a pulse coded reply signal in one of the above modes. The mode of reply is determined by the mode of interrogation. Two ATC systems are installed on the airplane, each with its own transponder. Only one transponder operates at a time. A dual ATC control panel provides independent and isolated control for both systems. Control information is sent to either transponder by signal discrete and an ARINC 429 or 572 or 718 or 730 bus. There are two ATC antennas on the airplane. The antennas are shared by the two transponders. Two RF relays switch both antennas from one transponder to the other. Each transponder receives altitude data from both air data puters (ADCs). The altitude data is sent to the transponder by an ARINC data bus. The ATC and DME system operate in the same Lband frequency range. A suppression circuit is connected between the ATC transponder and the DME interrogations to prevent simultaneous transmissions. The ATC system operates in three different modes: ModeA, ModeC and ModeS. The mode of operation is determined by the mode of interrogation from a ground station and the current configuration of the altitude reporting function. The No. 1 ATC system receives 115 volt, 400 Hz ac power from the electronics power bus No. 1. Power is supplied through the ATC1 circuit breaker located on the left load control center circuit breaker panel No. 2 ATC system receives 115 volt, 400 Hz ac power from the electronics power bus No. 2. Power is supplied through the ATC No. 2 circuit 中國(guó)民航大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 34 breaker which is located on the right load control center circuit breaker panel P6. ATC Control Panel The ATC control panel is located on the aft electronic control panel (P8). The control panel contains switches and controls which provide reply codes and mode selection for two ATC/Mode S transponders. The control panel is divided into two operational sides left (No. 1) and right (No. 2). Each side operates independently of the other. Each side provides its respective transponder with tuning and control signals for system operation. The control panel has these switches and indicators: Four code switch which select the fourdigit ATC identification code. A fourdigit code display window shows the selected identification code. A five position transponder select switch (TEST/1/STBY/2/TEST) which ser the left or right transponder for use, or set both transponders to standby. The TEST positions allow a self test either transponder to be performed. An identification switch (IDENT) which causes the active transponder to transmit a special pulse identifier with the next ground station interrogation. An altitude reporting switch (ALT RPT OFF/ON) disable
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