【導(dǎo)讀】傳感器技術(shù)對于一個國家的科學(xué)發(fā)展水平有著重大的決定性作用。解并掌握各類傳感器的基本結(jié)構(gòu)、工作原理及特性是非常重要的。光強(qiáng)，電阻減?。蝗肷涔馊?，電阻增大），利用光敏電阻的光照特性完成光強(qiáng)的檢測。該設(shè)計(jì)可分為三部分：即光照檢測部分、信號處理部分、光強(qiáng)顯示部分。本設(shè)計(jì)電路結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，成本相對較低，通過對光敏電阻阻值的變?；倪\(yùn)算處理，從而檢測不同的光照強(qiáng)度，實(shí)用性較強(qiáng)。

　　

【正文】 l munication techniques. In the optical munication use discovered works as environmental condition change and so on the temperature, pressure, electric field, magic field, causes the fiber optic transmission light wave intensity, the phase, the frequency, change and so on the polarization condition, the survey light wave quantity change, may know causes these light wave physical quantity the and so on quantitative change temperature, pressure, electric field, magic field size, uses these principles to be possible to develop the optical fiber sensor. The optical fiber sensor and the traditional sensor pare has many characteristics: Sensitivity high, the structure simple, the volume small, anticorrosive, the electric insulation good, the path of rays may be curving, be advantageous for the realization telemeter and so on. Optical fiber sensor Japan is in the advanced level. Like Idec Izumi Corporation and Suns Corporation. The optical fiber send receiver and the integrated path of rays technology unify, accelerates the optical fiber sensor technology development. Will integrate the path of ray’s ponent to replace the original optics part and the passive light ponent。 enable the optical fiber sensor to have the high band width, the low signal processing voltage, the reliability high, the cost will be low. Third, micro machinefinishing technology In semiconductor technology processing method oxygenation, the photo etching, the proliferation, the deposition, the plane electron craft, various guides’ corrosion and steams plates, the sputtering thin film and so on, these have all introduced to the sensor manufacture. Thus has produced each kind of new sensor, like makes the silicon micro sensor using the semiconductor technology, makes the fast response using the thin film craft the gas to be sensitive, the wet sensitive sensor, the use sputtering thin film craft system pressure transmitter and so on. The Japanese horizontal river pany uses various guides’ corrosion technology to carry on the high accuracy threedimensional processing。 the system helps the silicon resonance type pressure transmitter. The core partially presses two resonant Liang by the feeling which above the silicon diaphragm and the silicon diaphragm manufactures to form, two resonant Liang39。s frequency difference correspondence different pressure, measures the 32 pressure with the frequency difference method. It may eliminate the error which factor and so on ambient temperature brings. When ambient temperature change, two resonant Liang frequencies and the amplitude variation are same, after two frequency differences, its same change quantity can counterbalance mutually. Its survey most high accuracy may reach %FS. American Silicon Microstructure Inc. (SMI) the pany develops a series of low ends, linear in % to 65% scope silicon micro pressure transmitter, the lowest full measuring range is (1KPa), it makes take the silicon as the material, has the unique three dimensional structure, the light slight machinefinishing, makes the Wheatstone bridge many times with the etching on the silicon diaphragm, when above silicon chip stress, it has the distortion, the resistance produces presses the anti effect but to lose the bridge balance, the output and the pressure bees the proportion the electrical signal. Such silicon micro sensor is the front technology which now the sensor develops, its essential feature is the sensitive unit volume is a micron magnitude, is the traditional sensor several dozens, several 1%. In aspect and so on industry control, aerospace domain, biomedicine has the vital role, like on the airplane the use may reduce the airplane weight, reduces the energy. Another characteristic is can be sensitive is small surveyed, may make the blood pressure transmitter. The Chinese aviation main corporation Beijing observation and control technical research institute, the development CYJ series splashes thanks the membrane pressure transmitter is uses the ion sputtering craft to process the metal strain gauge, it has overe the nonmetallic strain gauge easily the temperature influence insufficiency, has the high stability, is suitable in each kind of situation, is measured the medium scope widely, but also overcame the tradition lowly to glue the precision which the type brought, sluggish big, shorting and so on slow change, had the precision high, the reliability is high, the volume small characteristic, widely used in domain and so on aviation, petroleum, chemical industry, medical service. Fourth, integrates the sensor Integrates the sensor the superiority is the traditional sensor is unable to achieve, it is a simple sensor not merely, it in at the same time the auxiliary circuit part and send the part will integrate on together the chip, will cause it to have the calibration, to pensate, from the diagnosis and the work correspondence function, it might reduce the cost, the gain in yield, this kind of blood pressure sensor which American LUCAS, NOVASENSOR 33 Corporation will develop, each week will be able to produce 10,000. Fifth, intellectualized sensor The intellectualized sensor is one kind of belt microprocessor sensor, is achievement which the microputer and the sensor unify, it has at the same time the examination, the judgment and the information processing functions. The sensor, the signal adjustment electric circuit, the monolithic integrated circuit integration forms ultra largescale integrated on a chip the senior intelligence sensor. American HONY WELL Corporation ST3000 intelligence sensor, the chip size only then has 342mm3, uses the semiconductor craft, makes CPU, EPROM, the static pressure, the differential pressure, the temperature on the identical chip and so on three kind of sensitive units. The intellectualized sensor research and the dev