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模糊數(shù)學(xué)模型;系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型;灰色系統(tǒng)模型;分形模型;人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型等。發(fā)現(xiàn)新現(xiàn)象,提出新概念。how to read a paper 1花5min看懂標(biāo)題(一些定義可在前言中找),and在看正文之前,設(shè)想如何做該實(shí)驗(yàn)(寫成list),實(shí)驗(yàn)會(huì)有些什么數(shù)據(jù),根據(jù)這些數(shù)據(jù)如何得到結(jié)論,從而可發(fā)現(xiàn): ? ? 記住:對(duì)作者所做的實(shí)驗(yàn)的變化做一個(gè)記錄很好b)如果看文獻(xiàn)是為了解決自己的問(wèn)題: 略讀或者跳過(guò)對(duì)你不重要或者不能回答你問(wèn)題的東西2)看摘要: 一般有目的,方法,結(jié)論三部分。注意:找到a)how and why the experiments were can then tell how close your list is to )get a sense for the order in which experiments are going to be everything )仔細(xì)閱讀正文的結(jié)論部分a)正文將告訴你為什么他們進(jìn)行這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)以及按照他們所想實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果可能是什么并且和你作比較。記下他們的差別以及考慮差別的原因。The key here is to fully understand their train of you can’t figure it out, write that down, too, specifying exactly where you fell off the move here on, focus on the material you understand from the Results, and ignore what you don’t )仔細(xì)看圖及圖的說(shuō)明BE CRITICAL: Assume they are trying to pull a fast one on sure that when they say something, the data actually show )問(wèn)兩個(gè)問(wèn)題:(在“材料和方法”中尋找,別在Mamp。M中耗時(shí)間) are the controls for that experiment? do you know that this result isn’t due to something else?e)找出隱藏結(jié)論(一般是限于篇幅而未能發(fā)表)Challenge yourself to find alternate explanations for the results: do you think they chose to omit? did they omit it?(在繼續(xù)讀下去之前,列一個(gè)閱讀所得的list)4)looking for a clear justification for why the authors chose to do their is the main question that they claim to be answering?5)Compare the authors’ main question, their data, and their they answer their question? they do the right experiments to address their question? your list of experiments differs from theirs, is their line of experimentation better? you had to answer this research question, knowing all that you know now, how would you do it? Maybe borrow some of their experiments? Or do exactly what they did? 6)Read the discussionThe discussion should tell you why their work is important, and how it advances the :文中是否預(yù)料到并很好的回答了你的問(wèn)題7)Project into the ,下一步能做什么?有什么可提高的?有什么缺陷要彌補(bǔ)?如何與下一步工作銜接?8)回顧整體風(fēng)格 phrases do they use to introduce their ideas? are the figures labeled? this a wellconstructed paper? there anything in the paper you39。d like to emulat