【正文】
候 ,攔截服務器要和數(shù)據(jù)庫服務器發(fā)生的交溝通情況如圖 所示。 圖 FTP 工作過程 消息提示模塊 這個模塊在消息服務器上運行,當發(fā)現(xiàn)瀏覽器要訪問非法網(wǎng)站時,網(wǎng)頁攔截模塊把瀏覽器的訪問請求重定向到管理員提前設置好的網(wǎng)頁上,這個模塊的作用就是告知用戶,他所要訪問的網(wǎng)頁是不被允許的。依據(jù)用戶的身份和等級, 如果用戶是有通行密碼的, 它可以通過輸入密碼完成對網(wǎng)頁的訪問。同時將這個網(wǎng)址發(fā)送到數(shù)據(jù)庫的白名單中,等這個用戶下次訪問的時候就可以不被阻止而直接訪問。其流程圖如圖 所示: 圖 消息提示模塊流程圖 系統(tǒng)開發(fā)環(huán)境 軟件需求: window xp 開發(fā)工具: Visual C++ 數(shù)據(jù)庫: SQL server 20xx 硬件需求:內(nèi)存 4GB 以及更高 處理器 :E6500 或者更高 硬盤: 1T 系統(tǒng)測試 ( 1)網(wǎng)絡監(jiān)聽模塊的測試,如圖 和 圖 網(wǎng)絡監(jiān)聽模塊 圖 網(wǎng)絡監(jiān)聽模塊 (3)網(wǎng)絡匹配模塊如圖 圖 網(wǎng)絡匹配模塊 ( 4)網(wǎng)絡攔截模塊如圖 圖 網(wǎng)絡攔截模塊 ( 5) 把攔截到的放入數(shù)據(jù)的黑名單中如圖 圖 攔截網(wǎng)址放入黑名單 總結(jié) 網(wǎng)絡的迅速發(fā)展可以說 既給人們的學習和生活帶來了極大的方便,但是其負面影響也是不是小覷的,它的危害已經(jīng)嚴重威脅到了社會的和諧穩(wěn)定,所以凈化網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境顯得極為迫切。而之前的防火墻那種過濾非法網(wǎng)站的方法在如今網(wǎng)民數(shù)量急速上升、網(wǎng)絡速度要求越來越高的大環(huán)境下顯得有些力不從心。因為防火墻容易造成網(wǎng)絡的延遲。因此基于旁路的 web 訪問監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)就十分有必要替代傳統(tǒng)的防火墻,擔當起網(wǎng)絡衛(wèi)士的職責。 從今年 3 月份到 6 月初,三個月期間,經(jīng)過本人的學習和研究,加上指導教師和學長的不斷督促,這個課題初步完成了。本文重點闡述了 web 訪問監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的設計與實現(xiàn) ,主要分為網(wǎng)絡監(jiān)聽模塊、攔截策略模塊、 IP 包過濾和網(wǎng)址匹配等模塊。 通過這次畢業(yè)設計,我不僅重新學習了與網(wǎng)絡原理相關的的很多知識,而且極大的提高了我的自主學習能力,這為我在以后的學習和工作中打下了良好的基礎。因此說,這次畢業(yè)設計,我從中學到了不少的東西,甚至有一些是我終生受益匪淺的。 這次畢業(yè)設計取得了一定的成果,本系統(tǒng)主要實現(xiàn)的模塊有網(wǎng)絡監(jiān)聽模塊(數(shù)據(jù)包的捕獲),網(wǎng)址匹配模塊,和攔截界面的設計。這篇論文主要的任務有如下幾個: ( 1)深入了解課題的研究背景以及研究的迫切性。 ( 2)學習各種網(wǎng)絡協(xié)議, 如 TCP/IP 和 OSI,并分析它們的相似點與不同點。 ( 3)跟據(jù)項目的可行性,寫出需求分析報告。 ( 4)對每一個模塊進行詳細的分析。 ( 5)把網(wǎng)卡設置為混雜模式,獲取經(jīng)過網(wǎng)卡的所有幀。 ( 6)過濾掉冗余的數(shù)據(jù)包,加快系統(tǒng)的處理速度。 ( 7) URL 地址和數(shù)據(jù)庫的黑名單進行網(wǎng)址匹配 ( 8)對非法網(wǎng)址予以攔截,并跳轉(zhuǎn)至管理員預先設置好的頁面。 ( 9)管理員要維護系統(tǒng)的正常運轉(zhuǎn)以及實時將監(jiān)測到的非法網(wǎng)址加入到數(shù)據(jù)庫中。 ( 10)對系統(tǒng)的各個模塊進行的測試。 展望 雖然這個系統(tǒng)取得了初步的進展,但是限于時間的 不足和知識的缺陷,仍然有很大的設計空間,希望可以在以后的學習工作中作進一步的完善。本系統(tǒng)的不足主要有如下幾點: ( 1) 隨著工作負荷的不斷加大,系統(tǒng)可能會出現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)包的丟失。 ( 2) 除了網(wǎng)址匹配,應該還有根據(jù)網(wǎng)站內(nèi)容的判斷,因為近年來網(wǎng)址分辨難度日益加大。 ( 3) 采取更加有效率的匹配方式,提高系統(tǒng)的工作效率。 總之,這個系統(tǒng)仍然存在著很多不足,這恰恰也是我們不斷深入研究的動力。希望在以后的學習和工作中可以繼續(xù)研究這個課題。 參考文獻 [1] 吳海平 基于 URL分析的 Web 訪問監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的設計與實現(xiàn) 沈陽:東北大學 ,20xx. [2] 曾娜 基于 Web 應用系統(tǒng)的行為監(jiān)控方法的設計與實現(xiàn) 武漢:武漢科技大學, 20xx. [3] 李慧 基于混合模式的網(wǎng)頁過濾系統(tǒng)研究 長沙:中南大學, 20xx. [4] 劉剛 基于應用層封包過濾技術(shù)的防火墻 成都:四川大學, 20xx. [5] 羅道坤 OSI 參考模型與 TCP/IP 參考模型的比較 鄭州:鄭州航空工業(yè)管理學院學報, 20xx. [6] 鄧林 網(wǎng)絡信息安全防護理論與方法的研究 合 肥:合肥工業(yè)大學, 20xx. [7] 陳妍 王志文 計算機網(wǎng)絡原理 西安:西安交通大學, 20xx [8] 馮川根 局域網(wǎng)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng) — 管理器子系統(tǒng)的設計與實現(xiàn) 成都:電子科技大學 20xx. [9] 季鳳 微型 Web 服務器的設計與實現(xiàn) 學術(shù)期刊 20xx. Using Student and Group Models to Support Teachers in WebBased Distance Education Abstract. The paper illustrates how student modeling and advice generation methods can be used to address problems experienced in Webbased distance education courses. We have developed the TADV (Teacher ADVisor) framework which builds student models based on the tracking data collected by a course management system and uses these models to generate advice to the course instructors, so that they can improve their feedback and guidance to distance students. The paper introduces TADV, describes how student, group, and class models are used for generating advice to the teachers, and discusses the viability of this approach based on an evaluative study with users. 1 Introduction Although WebBased Distance Education (WBDE) is very popular nowadays, some problems are reported, such as the students’ feeling of isolation and the instructors’ munication overhead and difficulty to address the needs of individuals and groups ([5], [10]). To overe these problems, the software used in WBDE may play the role of an advisor and provide both students and teachers with an appropriate help. While many systems include tools to provide adaptive help to students (. [2], [4], [9], [12]), there is insufficient support for teachers in WBDE. Our research focuses on assisting teachers in WBDE by delivering appropriate puterbased advice to help them manage their distance courses effectively. We consider distance courses built with Web Course Management Systems (WCMS) a platform monly adopted in many educational anizations for learning and teaching on the Web (. WebCT, Blackboard, Centra Knowledge Center, Moodle, etc.). To effectively play their new role of facilitators who support the students39。 in their learning, the teachers in WBDE need to have good understanding of what is happening in distance classes. WCMS collect rich tracking data about the students’ activities, but this data is rarely used by teachers due to its plexity and poor structure. We have developed a Teacher ADVisor (TADV) framework [6] which uses WCMS tracking data to build fuzzy student, group and class models, based on which appropriate advice is generated to facilitators. The TADV mechanism for fuzzy student modeling is presented elsewhere, see [7]. This paper focuses on the use of student, group, and class models to generate appropriate advice to teachers. This paper will briefly introduce TADV (Section 2). We will then outline, in Section 3, the structure of the student, group, and class models, and will describe, in Section 4, how these models are used for advice generation. Section 5 will present a prototype of TADV that was used in an empirical evaluation with real users, results of which will be sketched out in Section 6. Finally, in the conclusions, we will point out the contribution of our work to student modeling and intelligent WCMS. 2 Brief Overview of TADV TADV is a puterbased advice generating framework designed to deliver advice to facilitators in a WBDE environment developed in WCMS platforms. TADV consists of two parts (see ). PARTI represents the conventional structure of a course developed in WCMS. The course designers are responsible for preparing the course material incorporated in the Domain Knowledge Base (DKB). TADV considers the mon way a course is designed with a WCMS, . a course is defined in a hierarchical way and divided into