【正文】 ”，是中國傳統(tǒng)國畫中的革命派，它有如下特點：?　　一、主張創(chuàng)新，以嶺南特有景物豐富題材；?　　二、主張寫實，引入西洋畫派；?　　三、博取諸家之長；?　　四、發(fā)揚了國畫的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)，在繪畫技術(shù)上，一反勾勒法而用 “沒骨法 ”，用 “撞水撞粉 ”法，以求其真。 嶺南畫派始于晚清時期，二高一陳即為早期著名創(chuàng)始人，二高即為高劍父、高奇峰，陳即為陳樹人，其弟子多成名家，形成一海內(nèi)外華人都喜歡的著名畫派。④ LingnanSchoolNotes 高劍父 高奇峰ASimulatedCourseforTourGuides?高劍父 (1879～ 1951),中國近現(xiàn)代中國畫家、美術(shù)教育家、嶺南畫派創(chuàng)始人之一。名倫 ,字劍父 ,后以字行。 1879年 10月 12日生于廣東省番禺縣 ,1951年 6月 22日卒于澳門。高劍父兄弟六人 ,他行四 ,五弟高奇峰 ,亦善畫 ,與他同為嶺南畫派的先驅(qū)。高劍父Notes ASimulatedCourseforTourGuides?高奇峰（ 18891933）名嵡，字奇峰，以字行，廣東番禺（今廣州）人。晚清畫家，嶺南畫派創(chuàng)始人之一，嶺南畫派的美術(shù)創(chuàng)作，在題材上以翎毛走獸、花卉、山水為主，其中高奇峰、高劍父兩兄弟尤喜畫鷹、獅和虎，高奇峰的繪畫技藝、主張以及人生經(jīng)歷均受其兄高劍父影響，作品以翎毛、走獸、花卉最為擅長，在藝術(shù)上寫生最為突出，善用色彩和水墨渲染，畫風(fēng)工整而剛勁、真實而詩意昂然。 二高兄弟的山水畫，可以看出馬遠、夏圭橫砍豎劈 的傳統(tǒng)，以及日本畫的影響。高劍父奇拔蒼拙，高奇峰則是雄健與俊美兼而有之。出版有《三高遺作合集》等。 高奇峰Notes ASimulatedCourseforTourGuidesPleasemakeapresentationaboutLiangyuanGardenin5or10minutesasatourguide,nowherearesomepictures.?AsimulatedpracticefortourguideLiangyuanGardenASimulatedCourseforTourGuidesLiangyuan Garden216。TheLiangyuanGardenisthelargestofGuangdong39。sfourmajorQinggardens.CabiSecretaryLiangAiru,workingtogetherwithhisthreeniecesLiangJiuzhang,LiangJiuhuaandLiangJimu,builtthisgardenonanostentatiousplanin1800,orthefifthyearoftheJiaqingReign.216。HencethenameLiangyuanorLangs39。Garden.ThegardenprisesfourgroupsofbuildingsthatareelegantpiecesofChinesearchitecture:TwelveStoneStudios,HanxiangHall,StarspangledThatchedHall,andFenjiangThatchedHut.216。Surroundedwithacorridor,itsbuildingsgleamingintherichfoliagetrees,theLiangyuanGardenisabeautifulpictureinitsownright.Ondisplayinthisgardenare80orsostoneinscriptionsofcalligraphicworksbyfamousmastersofvariousdynasties.ASimulatedCourseforTourGuidesA simulated practice for tour guideQuestionList1（ presentbystudents)Practice(2):PleasesimulatetheguideofKeyuanGardentoeachotherandanswerthequestionsyoupresentinthepartofTaskLeadinQuestionList2（ presentbystudents)ASimulatedCourseforTourGuides Simulated Practice for tour guides OralPracticeNo.1 PresentationNo.3InterpretationNo.2ASimulatedCourseforTourGuidesOral PracticeI. Answer the following questions. Try to say as much as you can. Questions on text A1. Where are the most important examples of Chinese landscape garden located?v Answers:wyx65wy are the differences between the gardens in North China and in South China’s?v Answers:wyx65wyASimulatedCourseforTourGuidesOral Practice3. How do China’s imperial gardens differ from private gardens?vAnswers:wyx65wy is it said that a Chinese garden is a world in miniature?v Answers:wyx65wyASimulatedCourseforTourGuidesOral Practice5. How is a Chinese garden influenced by landscape paintings and pastoral poetry? Give examples to show this.v Answers:wyx65wy are the most important elements of a garden?v Answers:wyx65wyASimulatedCourseforTourGuidesOral Practice7. Please explain the evolution of Chinese gardens.vAnswers:wyx65wy the principal kinds of Chinese gardens and the characteristics of each one.v Answers:wyx65wyASimulatedCourseforTourGuidesInterpretation 障景也叫屏景，是造園藝術(shù)的傳統(tǒng)手法之一。用來分隔景象和組織景象觀賞的過渡，常于景象間置以樹木、假山、曲廊、漏明墻等，以增加景象層次，從而達到步移景移的效果。v Zhan jing , also called pingjing (screen view), is a traditional device of Chinese landscape architecture. It is used to separate different vistas, and serves as the transition between different layers of views trees, artificial rockeries, zigzag corridors, lattice walls, etc, to create a sense of spatial sight with the changing of the viewers position. II.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglishorally.ASimulatedCourseforTourGuides 襯景也是我國造園藝術(shù)的傳統(tǒng)手法之一。通過反襯，使園林景象產(chǎn)生懸殊對比。比如將建筑與假山置于隔水相望的兩端，可使人產(chǎn)生山勢高遠的感覺，又如在園門處布置狹窄而封閉的庭園，等到繞出庭院，突然出現(xiàn)一派山池景色，使人產(chǎn)生豁然開朗的感覺。Interpretationv Back setting is also one of the traditional service used in China’s landscape architecture. Through back settings, contrast among different vistas can be enhanced. For example, the architecture and, the rockery placed on two extreme of water make people feel that the rockery is high and broad. Another case in point, narrow and closed corridors are built at the entrance of the garden, so that when one makes an detour and gets out of the yard, there suddenly appears a beautiful landscape with mountains and water in front of him, he would feel then that the view is suddenly cleared up. ASimulatedCourseforTourGuidesInterpretation 頤和園又稱夏宮，是因為夏天清代皇室成員都住在這里而得名的，為我國現(xiàn)存最宏偉的皇家園林。園內(nèi)以萬壽山為中心，萬壽山面臨昆明湖，著名建筑有728米長的長廊、最宏偉的建筑群排云殿、 41米高的佛香閣、通長 37米的石舫等。頤和園建成于 1764年， 1860年被英法聯(lián)軍焚毀，慈禧太后挪用海軍經(jīng)費500余萬兩白銀于 1888年重建。v Yihe Garden is also called the Summer Palace. It is so called because all the royal members of the Qing Dynasty used to spend their summer days here. It is also the most palatial royal garden now preserved in China. With Wanshou Mountain as the central point, facing Kunming Lake, the garden has famous buildings like the 728meterlong corridor, the most majestic architectural plex of Chasingcloud Palace, the 41meterhigh Buddha Temple, the 37meterlong marble boat, and so on. The Summer Palace was built and pleted in 1764 and was burned down by the British and French alliance in 1860. later on, Empress Dowager Cixi appropriated Five million taels of silver from the navy allocation and had the garden rebuilt in 1888.ASimulatedCourseforTourGuidesInterpretation 承德避暑山莊又稱承德離宮或熱河行宮，是我國現(xiàn)存占地最大的皇家宮苑，總面積 560公頃。山莊始建于 1730年