【正文】 converting rapidly to GHB in the body. Another analog that has surfaced, gamma hydroxyvalerate (GHV), is on its way to being as universal as GBL and BD. Both GBL and BD achieve this conversion inside of the body, and GBL can transform into GHB both inside and outside of the body. 60 ANALOGS OF GHB GHB remains accessible to abusers through this simple conversion, though all are illegal for human consumption since March 2023, when GHB was federally scheduled. What is unsettling, though, is how easy it is to get a hold of these precursors. GBL and BD and valeric acid substances are available at gyms, chemical supply stores, the Inter, and through mail order. They are sold as powders, capsules, gels or liquids and can be found in a variety of concentrations, colors, and flavors. There are more than 80 street and trade names for GHB and its analogs 61 EFFECTS OF GHB GHB’ s depressant effects on the brain in low doses produce a high or euphoric feeling as inhibitions are depressed. When the dose is increased, profound a results. The heart rate may also be depressed or slowed. Effects on the nervous system may result in a spasm of muscle contractions called myoclonus, producing seizurelike movements. 62 EFFECTS OF GHB Other effects such as confusion, amnesia, vomiting and irregular breathing are dangerous when bined with the major depressant effects of GHB. Other drugs in bination with GHB, especially other depressants such as alcohol, may worsen the depressive effects and increase the possibility of a fatal oute. 63 EFFECTS OF GHB The ? desired? effects for GHB in low doses may sound inviting, but the consequence of the wrong dose may be death. The dosage response of GHB is quite steep, meaning that a tiny increase in dose may cause a dramatic increase in symptoms and, thus, in risk. Variable effects mean that a teaspoon might be perfect one time, but may bee an overdose the next time! It is also important to be aware of the consequences that occur when GHB is mixed with other chemicals. For instance, mixing GHB with alcohol or other depressants is even more likely to result in death. The effects last about four hours and can resolve quite suddenly. 64 GHB OVERDOSE The most distinctive and terrifying feature of GHB is its overdose time course. Within 15 minutes a person’ s state of mind bees altered and there is a high possibility of a loss of consciousness or an actual a. Breathing can slow to only four to six breathes per minute! Most people do ? sleep off? a GHB overdose。 those who don’ t are called ? dead.? A GHB overdose IS a 911 emergency. 65 THE FUTURE OF GHB Whether GHB continues to be a widely used drug depends on the steps that are taken to educate the public. Instead of being perceived as a dietary supplement, people need to recognize GHB for what it is: an illict and dangerous drug. Even though GHB (also known as sodium oxybate, tradename Xyrem) has been approved for medical purposes, its deadly risks for recreational or any unsupervised and unmonitored use remain the same. There is no evidence that professionally made GHB is any less dangerous in the abuse arena. Health care providers and law enforcement officers need to bee fully aware of the effects and dangers of GHB so that they can play an important role in informing the public. 66 GHB GHB is usually liquid may be hidden in any type of container. Water/drink bottles, eye nasal spray mouth wash containers are mon. Because of its usually salty or chemical taste, it is often disguised in sweet or fruity drinks when given to unknowing victims for rape or robbery. 67 GHB Description: A clear liquid. Looks just like water. Can be mistaken for water because it is usually found in a small (30ml) clear plastic bottle, a water bottle, or even Gatorade bottles, which contains several doses. One quick taste, and you39。ll know it39。s not water. Not as mon, but also found as a white powder. Infact powder use is on the rise! 68 GHB Effects: Intoxication, increased energy, happiness, talking, desire to socialize, feeling affectionate and playful, mild disinhibition, sensuality, enhanced sexual experience, muscle relaxation, loss of coordination due to loss of muscle tone, possible nausea, difficulty concentrating, loss of gag reflex. 69 GHB Many people have bad reactions. These can include nausea, headaches, drowsiness, dizziness, amnesia, vomiting, loss of muscle control, respiratory problems, loss of consciousness, being conscious but unable to move, and death Especially when bined with alcohol or other drugs. 70 GHB Effects of large doses: Disinhibition, sedation, desire to sleep, rambling incoherent speech, giddiness, silliness, difficulty thinking, slurred speech, passing out, and death. Effects of overdose: Sleep or deep sedation from which you cannot be awakened by any means for about three hours, and in many cases, death. 71 GHB Your body manufactures GHB for its normal metabolism. The only reason people take GHB at a party is to get high, not for their health. People are kidding themselves if they imagine they39。re taking a vitamin supplement or amino acid, even though GHB has been marketed as such. Just because trace, minute amounts of GHB are found in a human body doesn’ t make the labcreated form of it safe to consume! 72 GHB It has even been dubbed liquid ecstasy. Its highly concentrated street form is available as a liquid in small plastic bottles, about the size and shape of a hotel shampoo bottle. One dosage is usually a capful. There are approximately 9 hits per bottle, but this, too varies depending on the concentration of the mix. It3