【正文】 to describe precisely how the following things are done:(1) How to learn to ride a bicycle.(2) How to sew a button on a jacket.(3) How to prepare for a piic at the weekend.(4) How to get ready for a trip abroad.(5) How to plant a tree in spring time.3 Space the following expressions for describing spatial relationships:where in which, to which, from which, etc. under, over, inside, beside, on top of, etc. along, through, as far as, etc. north, northern, south, southern, etc. to the left, to the right, to the north, etc. at the back, in front, in the middle, etc.adjacent toparallelrectanglecorresponding toparallel tosemicircledistanceperpendicular toslopemidpointplanespace interioroppositesurface diagonaloverlappingvertical edgepyramidhorizontal limitexteriorintersection a diagram of a room. Add the following items to the diagram. is a sofa on the east wall facing the window. is a TV to the right of the door as you enter the room. is a coffee table in front of the sofa. is a desk in the middle of the north wall facing the door. is a bookcase beside the desk near the window. is a bedroom. Write a description of it. a paragraph using the following details. Before you write, decide where you are standing and arrange the details to achieve space order. You may want to draw a diagram before you start writing. hotel room looks out across a main road. main road runs beside a river. the left, about half a mile down the road there is a castle. castle is splendidlooking and is situated majestically on a small hill. road bends right past the small hill and crosses the river over a bridge. bridge is a threespanned stone bridge, entering a small village. village church dominates the skyline. village is set on a small hill. the village there are rolling hills right to the horizon. distant horizon is intersected by one or two treelined valleys. one of the places suggested below.In your description, give the reader an idea of the size, location, and type ot place you are writing about. Mention interesting or outstanding features, how you feel about the place, and what makes it an interesting (or depressing!) place for you. home town or village. town you like best. house or flat your family lives in. street you know well.4 Example the following expressions for giving specific details.for exampleas an illustrationfor instancein one instancefor one thingin this instanceto illustrateas an examplein other wordstake ______ for exampleas followsconsider ______ for examplelet me illustratein practicelet me cite as proofaccording to statisticsaccording to statistical evidence your own paragraphs, making use of the following details. Supply a topic sentence to each paragraph.(l)About plants big modern cities, we have parks full of trees, bushes and flowers. always try to design houses with room for some grass and a garden. every city apartment you are sure to find some green houseplants growing in pots or freshly cut flowers in a vase. have sweet smells, beautiful colors and lovely shapes. the wind blows, we can hear the leaves in the trees and watch the branches swing from side to side. spring, we can see the buds on the trees open and bee colorful blossom.(2) About school the school, I have made some very good friends whom I hope always to~stay close to. school our concerns are the same: the difficulty of a maths problem, the impossibility ofgrammar, and the freedom of the recess period. have spent many years studying in this school. know exactly what to expect from every situation. friends are all here. teachers have bee more than mere instructors. teachers have bee trusted and valued guides through life. will miss the counseling of my teachers. writing exercises. Write paragraphs on the following topics. pollution in the city where I live. problems of old age in China. video games do more harm than good. person I admire. person who is lazy.5 Comparison and contrast the following expressions often used in making parison and contrast:To Compare: similar toat the same rate assimilarlyaslike, alikejust aslikewisein like mannercorrespond toin the same waycorrespondinglyto have ______ in monresemblemon characteristics, etc.resemblanceto be parallel in _______almost the same asbothTo Contrast: differ fromunlikehoweverin contrast tostillin opposition toneverthelesson the contraryotherwiseon the opposite sideeven soon the other handless thandifferent frommore thanalthoughfaster than, use of the following information and write paragraphs of parison and contrast. (1) Being a member of a large family.Advantages: children provide excellent playmates for each other. does not need to spend time entertaining her children as they will keep each other happily amused. can be handed down from one child to the next, saving the expense of having to buy new clothes.Disadvantages: of a large family do not have the time to devote sufficient individual attention to each child. of a large family have to work harder to earn enough money to feed and clothe the family. is severely limited, thus no one can get enough privacy. can be angry quarrels or fights among the children. such as a meal in a restaurant or a day trip out are few because of the expense.(2) Examinations are a necessary evil.Advantages: provide the incentive to study. is encouraged to put in an extra effort to prepare for an exam. are useful to a teacher in that they show him where each pupil’s weakness lies. help teachers assess how well their students understand the lessons.Disadvantages: students dread examinations. shadow is cast on the students’ enjoyment of schoollife because of the examinations. do not always reflect correctly either the ability or the hard work of the students. students fail in examinations onl