【正文】
當(dāng)主語) - English is taught to us by him. (以物作主語) 被動語態(tài)的幾種類型 .(指物的賓語叫直接賓語, 指人的賓語叫間接賓語) 常見的接雙賓語的動詞有 : to: pass, give, teach, show, bring, hand for: make, buy, draw, sing, get, 以“人”當(dāng)主語時,變法和一般的變法一樣; 以“物”當(dāng)主語時,在保留的間接賓語前必須加 to或for. keep, make 三類的動詞常常有賓語補(bǔ)足 語,在被動 語態(tài)中,賓語補(bǔ)足語位置不變。 We keep food fresh in the fridge. 主 謂 賓 賓補(bǔ) - Food is kept fresh in the fridge. I saw him go into the office building. 不及物動詞沒有賓語,因此沒有被動語態(tài)。但有的不及物動詞后面加上介詞及其他一些詞類構(gòu)成短語動詞之后,其作用相當(dāng)于及物動詞,可以接賓語,因而也可以變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)。在變成被動語態(tài)時,不能去掉構(gòu)成短語動詞的介詞或副詞 . They take good care of my child. My child is taken good care of . I turned off the radio. The radio was turned off (by me) 即 feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ,這些詞在主動句中,其后的動詞不定式不加 to,但變被動句時必須加 to. saw him play basketball last Sunday. He was seen to play basketball last Sunday. heard them sing in the classroom. They was heard to sing in the classroom. ( 1)當(dāng)主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語是反身代詞和相互代詞 時,不能改為被動語態(tài)。 We often help each other. 我們常常互相幫助。 ( 2)當(dāng)謂語是表狀態(tài)的及物動詞時(如 have , like , take place , belong to … ) 如: I like these flowers. 我喜歡這些花。 I will have a meeting. 不說 A meeting will be had. 應(yīng)說 A meeting will be held .