【正文】 趨勢(shì)又如何使它在建筑風(fēng)格上形成今天這種格局。 You will have a general idea from the handout which you have in front of you of how this city originated, which had once been one of the world’s four famous civilized cities and into which an investigation is going to be made。 of what developmental trends were built into it, as it were, from the very outset。 and of how these trends have made what it is today in its architectural style. 翻譯英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)句的步驟分析 前提與原則 英譯漢長(zhǎng)句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換在于分清原文的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和所表達(dá)的概念、關(guān)系與功能。根據(jù)具體的分析結(jié)果，結(jié)合漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)的句式、關(guān)鍵連詞與合理的邏輯順序，通過(guò)一定的翻譯技巧將原文譯出。 分清主次：重點(diǎn)在于找準(zhǔn)簡(jiǎn)單句的主干、 并列句的側(cè)重點(diǎn)及復(fù)合句的關(guān)系性質(zhì)。 把握語(yǔ)態(tài)：將英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句譯成漢語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句。 遵循英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)句翻譯的兩個(gè)分析原則 : 翻譯英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)句的步驟安排 1. 緊縮主干 2. 區(qū)分主從 3. 辨析詞義 4. 分清層次 5. 調(diào)整搭配 6. 潤(rùn)飾選詞 以下介紹幾種常見(jiàn)的翻譯技巧，但是由于翻譯長(zhǎng)句是一種難度較高的綜合技能，因此在實(shí)際翻譯過(guò)程中，往往幾種方式同時(shí)使用。 1. 順譯分段法 2. 拆譯法 3. 倒置法 4. 插入法 5. 重組法 在以后的單元里將對(duì)這幾種方法進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的介紹。 寫作實(shí)踐 ? 例文 : How College Students Spend Their Leisure Time ? 相關(guān)鏈接 Writing Activities Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a position on the topic: How College Students Spend Their Leisure Time. In your position, you should use at least six words or phrases from the box below: leisure activities popularity personality gender pursuing entertaining relaxation limited take one’s mind away appeal to bury one’s head in piles of books Writing Activities How College Students Spend Their Leisure Time When we take a look at leisure activities of college students, we find the popularity of pastimes varies according to personality, gender, and financial situations. Some students like to spend their leisure time pursuing their hobbies indoors. Others look for outdoor relaxation, even taking part in such adventurous activities as rock climbing or bungee jumping. Writing Activities Generally speaking, male students are fond of participating in sports, playing puter games, surfing on the Inter, and watching kungfu movies, while female students love chitchatting, shopping, watching soap opera, and knitting （ 編織 ） . If they can afford it, some students will go to pop stars’ concerts, take piic, or invite some friends over for a dinner or a party. Writing Activities All these activities are entertaining and appealing to students because of their curiosities and their desires to escape from the limited world of the classroom. As a form of relaxation, leisure activities take their mind away from academic pressure. As an English proverb goes, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” After recreational activities, students usually will feel relaxed, more refreshed, and ready to start stressful school work. Writing Activities However, for some students, learning is a fulltime job, and they even invest their leisure time studying. They like to bury their heads in piles of books, ignoring everything else. They have a sense of achievement from reading novels, working on papers, preparing for tough tests such as the Graduate Entrance Exam, GRE, TOEFL, GMAT or IELTS. Though these students have no time for entertainment, they believe spending leisure time studying is a pleasure of mind. Writing Activities I. [ TOEFL作文題目 ] Directions: You will have thirty minutes to plan and write an essay on the topic given below. Use the first few minutes to read the topic carefully and think about what kind of essay you will write. You may use the space immediately below the essay topic to make notes. Write your essay on the lined pages that follow. You will have enough space if you write on every line and keep your handwriting to a reasonable size. Some students participate in school activities such as clubs and sports. Other students do not take part in such activities because they spend more time on their studies. Tell why you think the two groups of students spend their time differently? Which type of students do you prefer to be? Writing Activities II. [ IELTS作文題目 ] You should spend no more than 40 minutes on this task. In the United Kingdom some parents have decided not to have a television in their home. They believe it can encourage their children to use the leisure time more creatively. You should write at least 250 words. You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience to support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence. Writing Activities III. [ GRE作文題目 ] The following is a memo from the principal of Academia High School. “Academia High School should abolish its afterschool performingarts programs and replace them with putertechnology programs. When nearby Techno High School did so last year, total enrollment in all of its afterschool activities remained about the same. Moreover, on entering college, many Techno students chose a major directly related to their afterschool activities. On the other hand, last year only 10 percent of Academia39。s graduating seniors chose performing arts as their major field of study in their first year of college, clearly indicating that most students do not have a strong interest in the performing arts.” Thanks for Your Attention!