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tion of M2 alveolar macrophages. Nat Commun. 2022。4:2106. ? Lv LX, Li YD, Hu XJ, Shi HY, Li LJ. Wholegenome sequence assembly of Pediococcus pentosaceus LI05 (CGMCC 7049) from the human gastrointestinal tract and parative analysis with representative sequences from three foodborne strains. Gut Pathog. 2022 Aug 30。6:36 SFB( Segmented filamentous bacteria,分節(jié)絲狀菌) ? Segmented Filamentous Bacteria Antigens Presented by Intestinal Dendritic Cells Drive Mucosal Th17 Cell Differentiation——Immunity, 2022; ? Induction of intestinal Th17 cells by segmented filamentous bacteria—— Cell, 2022; ? The Key Role of Segmented Filamentous Bacteria in the Coordinated Maturation of Gut Helper T Cell Responses——Immunity, 2022; 擬桿菌屬 (Bacteroides) ? Stat3 Activation in Murine Colitis Induced by Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis—— Inflamm Bowel Dis, 2022; ? Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF)mediated colitis in Min (Apc+_) mice_ a human mensalbased murine model of colon carcinogenesis.—— Cell Cycle. 2022; ? A human colonic mensal (ETBF)promotes colon tumorigenesis via activation of T helper type 17 T cell responses—— Nature Med, 2022; ——Microbes and Inflammation in Colorectal( CancerCancer Immunol Res2022) 共生菌與疾病 ?機體對共生菌應(yīng)答的調(diào)控機制異常 ? 共生菌在體內(nèi)異位存在 ?共生菌的組成譜 ?如 IL10和 TGFb缺陷,則共生菌可激發(fā)系統(tǒng)免疫應(yīng)答,并介導(dǎo)黏膜部位強烈的炎癥反應(yīng),微環(huán)境產(chǎn)生大量炎性細胞因子(如 IL2 TNFa、 IL12等),從而引發(fā)腸道炎性疾病(如 Crohn’s?。? 。 ?黏膜屏障受損(如腸上皮完整性遭破壞)時 (創(chuàng)傷、感染、內(nèi)毒素性休克、重癥肝炎等), 大量正常無害的共生菌(如大腸桿菌)跨越上皮屏障而進入血流,可引起致命性全身感染,并激發(fā)系統(tǒng)免疫應(yīng)答。 與糖尿病 ? 高能量飲食可改變腸道共生菌組成 , 并導(dǎo)致糖尿病發(fā)生 , ? 其機制:共生菌組成譜改變 ( 擬桿菌減少;壁厚菌增加 ) , 可選擇性增加雙歧桿菌 , 使革蘭陰性菌 /陽性菌比例及循環(huán) LPS水平增高 , 誘導(dǎo)多種促炎細胞因子產(chǎn)生 , 引起糖耐量降低和胰島素抵抗 。 ? 反之 , 低能量飲食可恢復(fù)擬桿菌 /壁厚菌比例 , 使肥胖鼠體重減輕 。 與自身免疫病 ? 將分節(jié)絲狀菌定居于動物腸道 , 可致抗原特異性 Th17細胞增加 , 生發(fā)中心 B細胞增殖 , 產(chǎn)生大量自身抗體 , 加重自身免疫性關(guān)節(jié)炎; ? 將雙歧桿菌定居動物腸道 , 可導(dǎo)致 Treg細胞增殖 , 抑制炎癥應(yīng)答 , 緩解 EAE。 菌群失調(diào) ?正常棲息菌群間的平衡被打破可引起菌群失調(diào) ,導(dǎo)致穩(wěn)態(tài)下非致病菌大量侵入黏膜組織 , ? 致病菌大量繁殖 、 入侵 , 通過激活黏膜免疫系統(tǒng)而產(chǎn)生較強炎癥性應(yīng)答 , 造成病理損傷 。 Gut microbiota affects extraintestinal autoimmune diseases. Protective and pathogenic role of the gut microbiota in IBD Mechanisms controlling host–microbiota interactions and associated failures implicated in cancer development Mechanisms by which the bacterial microbiome modulates carcinogenesis. Targeting the bacterial microbiota for therapeutic modulation of carcinogenesis.