【正文】 s 穆罕默德 尤努斯 出生于 1940年。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家，孟加拉鄉(xiāng)村銀行（ Grameen Bank，也譯作格萊珉銀行）的創(chuàng)始人，有“窮人的銀行家”之稱(chēng)。 Background Information Text B Unit 8 Money and Banks TEXT A Both the Nobel Peace Prize and the Medal of Freedom are great honor. We can learn a lot from the achievements of one man who was awarded both. Translation Nobel Prize Winner Receives Medal of Freedom 1 Professor Muhammad Yunus has many reasons to be proud. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2022, and was presented with the Medal of Freedom by United States President, Barack Obama in 2022. Text B Unit 8 Money and Banks Translation 2 When famine hit Bangladesh in 1974, Professor Yunus was teaching at a university there. He was deeply shocked by the number of people dying in the streets, and wanted to do something to help. Text B Unit 8 Money and Banks Translation 3 He mixed with villagers, learning about their lives and their problems. One woman made bamboo stools. She was skilled and hardworking, but did not have the money to buy the bamboo. She was forced to borrow from a trader who then paid a low price for the stools, which he would then sell for a good profit. The woman’s profit was just a penny a day! Text B Unit 8 Money and Banks Translation 4 Professor Yunus discovered that this was true for many villagers. Together with one of his students, he made a list of 42 people who worked like this woman. He decided to lend them the total amount they needed to bee independent in their work – about 163。1 per person – and told them it was a loan, but without interest. The Professor then persuaded a bank to provide such loans, with him as guarantor. The bank was not enthusiastic, but the system worked, and all the loans were paid back. Text B Unit 8 Money and Banks Translation 5 Professor Yunus realised that a new bank was needed。 a bank that was owned by the people. In October 1983, the Grameen Bank was formed. Over the next few years, it made small loans to some of the poorest people in Bangladesh, so that they could bee selfemployed and escape poverty. It was a huge success. Since then, the bank has grown so much that it now has almost 8 million members, and 96% of them are women. Grameen’s system of microcredit is one of the most successful banking systems in the world, with 98% of all loans paid back in full. Text B Unit 8 Money and Banks Translation 6 Professor Yunus has given the people of Bangladesh hope and a sense of pride. Text B Unit 8 Money and Banks Translation Text B Unit 8 Money and Banks I. Match each event with the year when it happened. Year Event ____ 1974 a. formed the Grameen Bank ____ 1983 b. taught at a university in Bangladesh during the famine ____ 2022 c. was presented with the Medal of Freedom ____ 2022 d. was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize b a d c Text B ( ) 1. Professor Yunus was upset by the famine in Bangladesh. ( ) 2. The woman’s story showed how traders took advantage of the poor. ( ) 3. Professor Yunus helped the women and other workers by offering them loans. ( ) 4. Everyone paid back the money they had borrowed from the bank. ( ) 5. The bank has not been very successful. Unit 8 Money and Banks II. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). T F T T T Text B award v. 授予 , 給予 They awarded John the first prize. 他們授予約翰一等獎(jiǎng)。 award n. 獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品 She showed us the awards she had won. 她向我們展示她獲得的獎(jiǎng)。 Unit 8 Money and Banks Text Text B present v. 頒發(fā)，授予 be presented with 被授予 He was presented with a medal of honor. 他被授予一枚榮譽(yù)獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆? present adj. 出席的 I was present when the news was announced. 宣布那消息時(shí)我在場(chǎng)。 present adj. 現(xiàn)在的 I am worried about the present situation. 我為現(xiàn)在的情形擔(dān)心。 present n. 禮物 at present 目前 Unit 8 Money and Banks Text Text B mix with 相處，交往 Sam used to mix with those people. 薩姆過(guò)去常與那些人交往。 mix up 混淆 Never mix up these two words. 千萬(wàn)別把這兩個(gè)詞相混淆。 。 Unit 8 Money and Banks Text Text B force v. 迫使，強(qiáng)迫 Don’t force me to go with you. 不要強(qiáng)迫我跟你走。 force n. 力，力量 They had to use their force to break open the door. 他們不得不用力把門(mén)撞開(kāi)了。 Unit 8 Money and Banks Text Text B together with 和 ?? 一起 He sent her some books, together with a dictionary. 他送了她幾本書(shū)，外加一本詞典。 They, together with my father, have gone to Washington. 他們和我父親一起去華盛頓了。 Unit 8 Money and Banks Text Text B independent adj. 獨(dú)立的 He is economically independent. 他在經(jīng)濟(jì)上是獨(dú)立的。 反義詞： dependent adj. 依靠的 , 依賴(lài)的 dependent on 依靠 ?? He has a mother pletely dependent on him. 他有一個(gè)完全靠他贍養(yǎng)的母親。 independence n. 獨(dú)立 This book is for young people who want independence from their parents. 這本書(shū)是為那些不想依賴(lài)父母的年輕人寫(xiě)的。 Unit 8 Money and Banks Text Text B loan n. 貸款 The loan is interest free. 這貸款是無(wú)息的。 loan v. 借出 I have loaned his bicycle. 我把他的自行車(chē)給借出去了。 。 Unit 8 Money and Banks Text Text B interest n. 利息 What’s the rate of interest? 利率是多少？ interest n. 興趣 I have an interest in cooking. 我對(duì)烹飪有興趣。 interests （復(fù)數(shù)）利益 You need to learn to protect your own interests. 你需要學(xué)會(huì)保護(hù)自己的利益。 interesting adj. 令人感興趣的，有趣的 interested adj. 感興趣的 be interested in 對(duì) ?? 感興趣 Unit 8 Money and Banks Text Text B persuade v. 說(shuō)服 persuade sb. to do sth. 說(shuō)服某人干某事 Why not try and persuade her to e out with you? 為什么不試試勸她跟你一起出去呢？ persuade sb. into doing How can we persuade him into joining us? 怎么才能說(shuō)服他參加我們的活動(dòng)呢 ? Unit 8 Money and Banks Text Text B guarantor n. 擔(dān)保人 Many banks require borrowers to have a guarantor. 許多銀行需要申請(qǐng)人提供一個(gè)保證人。 guarantee n. 保證 The watch es with a year39。s guarantee. 這手表保修一年。 guar