【正文】
套鍋爐蒸汽壓力40~60千帕(表壓)設(shè)備外形尺寸(長(zhǎng)寬高)7235449710700毫米爐膛高度4970毫米有效容積20米3煤氣出口內(nèi)徑Φ1050毫米 燃料室的工藝指標(biāo):工作壓力工作溫度+500~800℃介質(zhì)水煤氣和半水煤氣設(shè)備等級(jí)級(jí)外高 10192毫米外徑Φ3350毫米內(nèi)徑Φ2743毫米磚拱半徑1295毫米上部九層格子磚間隙下部降層格子磚間隙76毫米耐火磚體積燃燒空間火磚格子高2057毫米拱頂?shù)降拙嚯x4520毫米底部氣道口寬(進(jìn)氣)底部氣道口高(進(jìn)氣)上部氣道口外徑(出氣) 1370毫米上部氣道口內(nèi)徑(出氣)1066毫米頂部放空口內(nèi)徑750毫米下吹蒸汽、氮空氣進(jìn)氣口內(nèi)徑300毫米底部排灰口305毫米總重(金屬) 洗氣箱工藝指標(biāo):工作壓力700毫米水柱工作溫度80℃設(shè)備等級(jí)級(jí)外物料名稱(chēng)水煤氣和水全容積15米3直徑3000毫米高(下包括錐體)1950毫米總高3100毫米洗氣箱總面積分布器總面積分布器有效面積分布器插入封高度75~100毫米分布器總高1288毫米分布器插入箱內(nèi)高度1040毫米分布器內(nèi)徑Φ996毫米分布器外徑Φ1046毫米分布器進(jìn)口內(nèi)徑Φ750毫米側(cè)室水封高度1330毫米:額定蒸發(fā)量(在間歇操作條件下)2~4噸/小時(shí)工作壓力實(shí)驗(yàn)壓力給水溫度102℃受熱面積480米2加熱介質(zhì)煤氣、廢氣火管長(zhǎng)度7340毫米上火箱高1860毫米下火箱高1340毫米總高10668毫米內(nèi)徑2300毫米19毫米上下循環(huán)管數(shù)共16根上下循環(huán)管內(nèi)徑99毫米上火箱內(nèi)徑2400毫米12毫米下火箱內(nèi)徑2340毫米12毫米汽包長(zhǎng)度4010毫米汽包內(nèi)徑1400毫米14毫米拉撐管數(shù)96根拉撐管直徑76毫米7毫米加熱管數(shù)220根加熱管直徑76毫米7毫米爐體傾度7176。總重量(金屬):工作介質(zhì)煤氣及冷卻水操作壓力操作溫度煤氣入口:100℃,出口:35℃冷卻水入口:℃,出口:62℃內(nèi)徑3000毫米8毫米總高15125毫米碳素剛重紅松重14360千克進(jìn)氣口管直徑Φ920毫米9毫米出氣口管直徑Φ820毫米9毫米水噴頭外管直徑Φ89毫米4毫米內(nèi)管直徑Φ45毫米人孔直徑Φ529毫米9毫米冷卻水出口管Φ325毫米8毫米冷卻水進(jìn)口總水管Φ273毫米8毫米煤氣量約25000米3/小時(shí) 煤氣發(fā)生爐自動(dòng)加煤機(jī)工藝指標(biāo):焦斗最大工作容積盤(pán)形閥水壓缸活塞形程445毫米容焦桶頂部水壓缸活塞形程1070毫米盤(pán)形閥門(mén)開(kāi)啟角度95176。加焦開(kāi)始時(shí)盤(pán)形法門(mén)開(kāi)啟角度35176。工作介質(zhì)焦(煤)、水煤氣、空氣、蒸汽外形尺寸(長(zhǎng)寬高)268018503524毫米總重(下包括磅稱(chēng))4000千克 10000m3螺旋式氣柜的工藝指標(biāo):設(shè)計(jì)容積10000米3有效容積9360 米3工作壓力鐘罩升起后壓力中節(jié)Ⅰ升起后壓力中節(jié)Ⅱ升起后壓力工作溫度常溫鐘罩內(nèi)徑22300毫米中節(jié)Ⅰ內(nèi)徑32250毫米中節(jié)Ⅱ內(nèi)徑24200毫米水槽內(nèi)徑24860毫米水槽容水量約3807噸水槽靜水液面高7850毫米總高鐘罩高9100毫米中節(jié)Ⅰ高7600毫米中節(jié)Ⅱ高7600毫米水槽高7898毫米進(jìn)出氣管直徑1220毫米安全放空管高34400毫米進(jìn)出口水槽高1800毫米進(jìn)出口水槽中間隔板高1240毫米進(jìn)出口水槽水封高450毫米地下槽高650毫米地下槽溢流口高515毫米地下槽隔板高520毫米 集塵器 外徑Φ1230毫米高度材料鋼板重量(不包括耐火磚)4061千克參考文獻(xiàn)【1】陳德祥 陳秀等編 .煤化工工藝學(xué). 【2】鐘蘊(yùn)英、關(guān)夢(mèng)嬪、崔開(kāi)仁、王惠中編 .煤化學(xué). 中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)出版社出版,【3】煤炭加壓氣化. 中國(guó)建筑工業(yè)出版社出版,【4】郭樹(shù)才編 .煤化工工藝學(xué). 化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社出版,【5】沙興中、楊南星編 .煤的氣化與應(yīng)用. 華東理工大學(xué)出版社出版,【6】張成芳編 .合成氨廠工藝技術(shù)與節(jié)能. 華東化工學(xué)院出版社出版。【7】梅安華主編 .小合成氨廠工藝技術(shù)與設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè).(上冊(cè))化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社出版【8】李永恒主編 .造氣動(dòng)技術(shù)問(wèn)答. 化工部上?;ぱ芯吭?,化工部化肥工業(yè)科技情報(bào)中心站出版,1993(上、下),天津科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社 1999致 謝本設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)合實(shí)踐生產(chǎn),完成年產(chǎn)15萬(wàn)噸合成氨造氣工段的初步設(shè)計(jì),從小合成氨廠的生產(chǎn)能力和生產(chǎn)成本出發(fā),采用間歇制氣流程。并結(jié)合理論,對(duì)典型設(shè)備作了科學(xué)的計(jì)算,包括物料、能量衡算,和選型計(jì)算。相應(yīng)的在設(shè)計(jì)中對(duì)間歇制氣流程工藝過(guò)程的選擇原理,工藝作了詳盡的闡述,以科學(xué)的理論為指導(dǎo),方案可形,有一定的推廣價(jià)值。通過(guò)此次設(shè)計(jì),鞏固和深化了專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí),并了解了化工設(shè)計(jì)的程序和方法。同時(shí)也培養(yǎng)了我靈活運(yùn)用知識(shí)去發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題,思考問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題的能力,在設(shè)計(jì)中也使我認(rèn)識(shí)到作為一個(gè)化工工作者,必須具有一絲不茍、嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)墓ぷ髯黠L(fēng)和吃苦耐勞的精神。此次設(shè)計(jì),我受益匪淺,同時(shí)使我發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多不足之處,比如綜合運(yùn)用知識(shí)的能力,將理論運(yùn)用到實(shí)踐中不能照本宣科,不能生搬硬套。為此我將更加努力學(xué)習(xí),在以后的實(shí)踐中不斷學(xué)習(xí)并積累經(jīng)驗(yàn),逐步完善知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)??傊?,此設(shè)計(jì)意義深遠(yuǎn)。此設(shè)計(jì)是在楊謙老師的悉心指導(dǎo)和大力支持下圓滿完成的,在提供大量資料的同時(shí)也給我許多寶貴的意見(jiàn)。為此,謹(jǐn)向楊謙老師表示衷心的謝意!本設(shè)計(jì)由于本人知識(shí)的欠缺。也存在著一些不足之處,誠(chéng)請(qǐng)各位老師和同學(xué)批評(píng)指正。謝謝!The history of synthetic ammoniaBefore liberation, China only two small scale ammonia synthesis plant, after the liberation of synthetic ammonia industry had rapid development. In 1949 the national fertilizer crop only 6000 tons, and achieved 10219000 tons 1982, bee the world39。s highest yield is one of the countries. China has introduced a number of annual output of 300000 tons of nitrogen of large chemical fertilizer plant equipment. China39。s own design and construction of the Shanghai chemical plant in Wujing, is an annual output of 300000 tons of nitrogen fertilizer in large chemical fertilizer plant. These chemical fertilizer plant to natural gas, petroleum, refinery gas as raw materials, production of low energy consumption, high yield, technology and equipment are very advanced. The chemical simulation of biological nitrogen fixation of one of the important research topics, is nitrogenase structure of active centre. Nitrogenase MoFe protein from ferritin and the two transition metal containing protein assembly. Ferritin mainly plays a role of electron transfer conveyor, and containing two molybdenum atoms and twenty or thirty iron and sulfur atoms of molybdenum iron protein is a plex N2 or other reactant molecules ( substrate ), and inverse synthetic ammonia plantShould the active center place. On the structure of the active center have a variety of views, it is uncertain. From a variety of substrate conjugates activation and reduction hydrogenation testing, including double molybdenum nuclear activity center is more reasonable. China has two research groups from 1973 to 1974, all made with iron nucleus three, Quad active center model, can better explain the nitrogenase activity of a series of performance, but its structure details have yet to be based on the new experimental results of precision. The research results that, under mild conditions with nitrogen fixation generally contains the following three aspects : 1 plexation process. It is with some transition metal organic plexes to plex N2, making it the chemical bond weakened。 the reduction process. It is a chemical reducing agent or other reduction method for conveying electronic to be plexed N2, to open the N2 in N N bond。 the hydrogenation process. It is provided with H + and N bined with negative valence, generate NH3. The chemical simulation of biological nitrogen fixation of a main difficulty is N2 plex, but basically no activation, or the activation of the plex, but the activated enough. Therefore, stable dinitrogen plexes generally under mild conditions by chemical reducing agent can release N2, never stable dinitrogen plex reduction to produce NH3 quantity is quite small. There is an urgent need from theoretic analysis, so as to find out the breakthrough way. Nitrogenase biological chemistry and chemical simulation work has made certain progress, which will effectively promote plexation catalysis, especially for high catalytic efficiency of ammonia synthesis catalyst, will be a powerful promotion.50 / 50