【導(dǎo)讀】明溝與集水井排水、分層明溝排水、深層明溝排水、暗溝排水和利用工程設(shè)施排水。線修正時(shí)加以糾正；5）沉樁時(shí)的原則是“重錘輕擊”，這樣可以使樁捶對(duì)樁頭的沖擊力小，

　　

【正文】 的 Ⅱ、Ⅲ級(jí)鋼筋的連接。 模板滑升分哪幾個(gè)階段？ P179180 分三個(gè)階段： 1）初試滑升； 2）正常滑升； 3）完成滑升。 為什么控制滑升模板的滑升速度？ P180 1）支承桿失穩(wěn)； 2）支承桿受壓； 3）結(jié)構(gòu)整體穩(wěn)定性； 高層鋼筋結(jié)構(gòu)施工時(shí)，鋼材選擇應(yīng)遵循什么原則？ P203204 1）鋼材選用的原則：既能使結(jié)構(gòu)安全可靠和滿足使用要求，又能最大可能節(jié)約鋼材和降低造價(jià)，不同的使用條件，應(yīng)該有不同的質(zhì)量要求，根據(jù)鋼材的力學(xué)性能：屈服點(diǎn)、抗拉強(qiáng)度、伸長率、冷彎性能、沖擊韌性等各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)來衡量鋼材質(zhì)量的指標(biāo)，根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)，選用事宜的鋼材。選定鋼材時(shí)應(yīng)考慮以下結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)： A、結(jié)構(gòu)的類型及重要性； B、荷載的性質(zhì)；C、連接方法； D、結(jié)構(gòu)的工作溫度； E、結(jié)構(gòu)的受力性質(zhì)。 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)常用的鋼材有哪些？構(gòu)件連接有哪些方式？ P20 P199201 （ 1）在鋼結(jié)構(gòu)中采用的鋼材主要分為 2 類： 1）碳素結(jié)構(gòu)鋼， 2）為低合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼； 1）碳素結(jié)構(gòu)鋼： Q19 Q21 Q23 Q25 Q275五種牌號(hào)； 2）低合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼： Q29 Q345 、 Q390、 Q4 Q460 五種。 （ 2）構(gòu)件連接方式：柱與柱的連接、柱與梁的連接、梁與梁的連接。 構(gòu)件安裝前的準(zhǔn)備工作有哪些？ P211213 1）鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的預(yù)檢與配套； 2）鋼柱基礎(chǔ)檢查； 3）標(biāo)高塊設(shè)置及柱底灌漿； 4）鋼構(gòu)件現(xiàn)場堆放 ； 5）安裝機(jī)械的選擇。 構(gòu)件選材的基本要求是什么？ P204 1）所用鋼材的鋼種、鋼號(hào)、強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)值、選用原則及所要求保證的力學(xué)性能、化學(xué)成分限值等以及連接所用的焊接材料、螺栓緊固件等材料的要求； 2）抗震鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的鋼材性能，需滿足：鋼材曲強(qiáng)比不低于 ； 3）承重結(jié)構(gòu)處于外露和低溫環(huán)境時(shí)，其鋼材還應(yīng)考慮耐大氣腐蝕和避免低溫冷脆的要求； 4）采用鋼筋連接的的梁 —柱節(jié)點(diǎn)范圍內(nèi)，當(dāng)節(jié)點(diǎn)約束較強(qiáng)，板厚大于 50mm，并承受沿板厚方向的拉力作用時(shí)，應(yīng)附加要求板厚方向的伸長率保證，以防止層狀撕裂； 5）根據(jù)構(gòu)件所處的部位、 受力情況的不同可分別選用不同的鋼號(hào)及強(qiáng)度級(jí)別的鋼材； 6）維護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)及組合版所用的壓型鋼板宜采用 Q235 鋼； 7）高層結(jié)構(gòu)中所 c采用的抗剪焊釘，其釘桿磁環(huán)等材料應(yīng)符合有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的要求； 8）高層建筑鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的組合樓板及組合構(gòu)件所用的混凝土標(biāo)號(hào)、鋼筋及其設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度，以及輕骨料砼材料，應(yīng)符合國家現(xiàn)行規(guī)范的要求。 1編制構(gòu)件制作指示書時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮哪些主要內(nèi)容？ P207 專業(yè)好文檔 16 1）施工中所依據(jù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和規(guī)范； 2）成品的技術(shù)要求，其中包括工序的技術(shù)要求和各技術(shù)工種的技術(shù)要求； 3）采用的加工、焊接設(shè)備和工藝裝備； 4）焊工和檢驗(yàn)人員資格 證明； 5）制作廠家的管理和質(zhì)量保證體系； 6）各類檢查表格。 1鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安裝前的準(zhǔn)備工作中，中轉(zhuǎn)堆場的主要作用是什么？ P211 1）儲(chǔ)存制造廠的鋼構(gòu)件； 2）根據(jù)安裝施工流水順序進(jìn)行構(gòu)件配套，組織供應(yīng)； 3）對(duì)鋼構(gòu)件質(zhì)量進(jìn)行檢查和修復(fù)，保證合格的構(gòu)件送往現(xiàn)場。 1簡述鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安裝與校正的工作內(nèi)容。 P214215 在吊裝第一節(jié)鋼柱時(shí)，應(yīng)在預(yù)埋的地腳螺栓上加設(shè)保護(hù)套，以免鋼柱就位時(shí)損壞地腳螺栓的螺紋。鋼柱吊裝前，應(yīng)預(yù)先在地面上把操作吊籃、爬梯等固定在施工需要的柱子部位上。鋼柱的吊點(diǎn)在吊耳處。根據(jù)鋼柱的重量和起重 機(jī)的重量，鋼柱的吊裝可用雙機(jī)抬吊或單機(jī)吊裝。單機(jī)吊裝時(shí)須在柱子根部墊以墊木，以回轉(zhuǎn)法起吊，嚴(yán)禁柱根拖地。雙機(jī)抬吊時(shí)，鋼柱調(diào)離地面后在空中進(jìn)行回直。鋼柱就位后，先調(diào)整標(biāo)高，再調(diào)整位移，最后調(diào)整垂直度。柱子要按規(guī)范規(guī)定的數(shù)值進(jìn)行校正，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)柱子的垂直偏差應(yīng)校正到零。當(dāng)上柱與下柱發(fā)生扭轉(zhuǎn)錯(cuò)位時(shí)，可在連接上下柱的耳板處加墊板進(jìn)行調(diào)整。 1結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件高強(qiáng)度螺栓連接時(shí)，臨時(shí)螺栓穿人數(shù)量如何確定并應(yīng)符合哪些規(guī)定？ P217 臨時(shí)螺栓穿人數(shù)量符合以下規(guī)定： 1）不得少于安裝孔總數(shù)的 1/3； 2）至少要穿兩個(gè)臨時(shí)螺栓； 3）如穿入部 分沖釘，則其數(shù)量不得多于臨時(shí)螺栓的 30%。 1鋼網(wǎng)架吊裝的工藝方法有幾種？每種吊裝工藝的重點(diǎn)是什么？ P219221 鋼網(wǎng)架吊裝的工藝方法有三種： 1）高空拼裝法； 2）整體安裝法； 3）高空滑移法。 1）高空拼裝法：先在設(shè)計(jì)位置處搭設(shè)拼裝支架，然后用起重機(jī)把網(wǎng)架構(gòu)件分件上吊至空中的設(shè)計(jì)位置，在支架上進(jìn)行拼裝。 2）整體安裝法：就是先將網(wǎng)架在地面上拼裝成整體，然后用超重設(shè)備將其整體提升到設(shè)計(jì)位置上加以固定。 3）高空滑移法：拼裝好網(wǎng)架的滑移，可在網(wǎng)架支座下設(shè)滾輪，使?jié)L輪在滑動(dòng)軌道上滑動(dòng)，也可在網(wǎng)架支座下設(shè)支座 底板，使支座底板沿預(yù)埋在鋼筋混凝土框架梁上的預(yù)埋鋼板滑動(dòng)。網(wǎng)架滑移可用卷揚(yáng)機(jī)或手扳葫蘆牽引，網(wǎng)架滑移時(shí)，兩端不同步值不應(yīng)大于 50mm。 專業(yè)好文檔 17 Editor39。s note: Judson Jones is a meteorologist, journalist and photographer. He has freelanced with CNN for four years, covering severe weather from tornadoes to typhoons. Follow him on Twitter: @jnjonesjr (CNN) I will always wonder what it was like to huddle around a shortwave radio and through the crackling static from space hear the faint beeps of the world39。s first satellite Sputnik. I also missed watching Neil Armstrong step foot on the moon and the first space shuttle take off for the stars. Those events were way before my time. As a kid, I was fascinated with what goes on in the sky, and when NASA pulled the plug on the shuttle program I was heartbroken. Yet the privatized space race has renewed my childhood dreams to reach for the stars. As a meteorologist, I39。ve still seen many important weather and space events, but right now, if you were sitting next to me, you39。d hear my foot tapping rapidly under my desk. I39。m anxious for the next one: a space capsule hanging from a crane in the New Mexico desert. It39。s like the set for a Gee Lucas movie floating to the edge of space. You and I will have the chance to watch a man take a leap into an unimaginable free fall from the edge of space live. The (lack of) air up there Watch man jump from 96,000 feet Tuesday, I sat at work glued to the live stream of the Red Bull Stratos Mission. I watched the balloons positioned at different altitudes in the sky to test the winds, knowing that if they would just line up in a vertical straight line we would be go for launch. I feel this mission was created for me because I am also a journalist and a photographer, but above all I live for taking a leap of faith the feeling of pushing the envelope into uncharted territory. The guy who is going to do this, Felix Baumgartner, must have that same feeling, at a level I will never reach. However, it did not stop me from feeling his pain when a gust of swirling wind kicked up and twisted the partially filled balloon that would take him to the upper end of our atmosphere. As soon as the 40acre balloon, with skin no thicker than a dry cleaning bag, scraped the ground I knew it was over. How claustrophobia almost grounded supersonic skydiver 專業(yè)好文檔 18 With each twist, you could see the wrinkles of disappointment on the face of the current record holder and cap (capsule munications), Col. Joe Kittinger. He hung his head low in mission control as he told Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunday. The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our daytoday weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest ( miles/ kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of mercial airliners ( miles/ kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause), he can expect a lot of turbulence. The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( miles/ kilometers). Here, Fearless Felix will unclip. He will roll back the door. Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform. Below, the Earth bees the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, he39。ll be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end. Skydiver