【正文】 hylenediamine solution available to absorb nitrogen oxides than Fe (Ⅱ)EDTA better results, ethylenediamine cobalt can be achieved in the same reaction in the oxidation of nitrogen oxides, and absorption. NOX current wet treatment technology, the improvement of major research absorbent, Li Peng, who introduced a new type of enhanced absorption and mass transfer equipment, rotating packed bed, using highspeed rotation of the filler have a strong centrifugal force or excess liquid and gas to increase access to strengthen the transfer process to increase the absorption efficiency. Biological Microbial purification of nitrogen oxides are two types of nitrification and gentrification mechanism. Appropriate in addition to nitrogen and carbon in bacteria, the use of nitrogen oxides to nitrogen, the synthesis of oxides of nitrogen assimilation into anic nitrogen pounds, as a part of the cell (anabolism), nitrogen and bacteria growth and reproduction itself 。 and alienation gentrification (catabolism) would be eventually reduced NOX nitrogen. NOX in the NO2 and NO dissolved in a larger difference between the ability of water, so purify different mechanism. In aerobic conditions, NO will be oxidized into Asia nitrobacteria NO2, and then oxidized by nitrifying bacteria into NO3. Nitrifying bacteria are obligate aerobic autotrophic type, with oxygen as final electron acceptor, and the most stringent type of nutrition can be inanic, oxidation of inanic pounds to obtain energy only to CO2 as carbon source synthesized cell material, can not be anic matter as carbon source. Through the befoul, nitrification and gentrification bacteria or bacteria attached to the biological filter or biological filter of the filler, the exhaust gas in the humidifier into the biological filter bed, pass filter layer, the transfer of pollutants from the gas phase to the befoul surface and purification by microanisms. Simplification of its degradation in chronological order: NO3→NO 2→NO→N 2O→N 2 . Guo and others to chemical wastewater treatment plant activated sludge aeration tank sludge for inoculation, the use of biological treatment of nitrate containing alkali absorbed NOX emission, a preliminary study showed that static and dynamic culture befoul acclimation may see Brevibacterium is the gentrification bacteria: furnace slag to do fill in the inlet concentration, circulating liquid pH, liquidgas ratio under certain conditions, NOX removal efficiency of up to 60% ~ 85%. 3. Conclusion China has entered a new era of energysaving emission reduction, in order to reduce NOX flue gas pollution of the atmosphere, on the one hand to improve the bustion technology to check their generation, on the other hand, to strengthen the flue gas purification in the management of NOX. China39。s flue gas gentrification technology research is still in its initial stage, most of the current technology is still in the laboratory research stage, but also the need to improve the existing process to determine the optimum application conditions, and to strengthen the research of new technology. For China39。s national conditions, especially in the economic capacity, the selection of control technology should be in line with local conditions, make full use of local resources, to achieve economically viable and technically mature and reliable operation. With the NOX emissions charges, as well as a number of flue gas gentrification technology matures, China39。s gas denigration will enter a new period of development.含氮氧化物廢氣的治理技術(shù)與發(fā)展氮氧化物NO X是大氣主要污染物之一,也是目前大氣污染治理的一大難題。自20世紀(jì)70年代起,發(fā)達(dá)國家便開始對燃煤電站鍋爐NO X 限制排放,并且限制日趨嚴(yán)格。中國是以燃煤為主的發(fā)展中國家,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,燃煤造成的環(huán)境污染日趨嚴(yán)重,特別是燃煤煙氣中的NO X ,對大氣的污染已成為一個不容忽視的問題。目前對于大氣中氮氧化物污染的控制,主要分為氮氧化物產(chǎn)生的控制和氮氧化物的治理兩種途徑。1. 氮氧化物產(chǎn)生的控制氮氧化物產(chǎn)生的控制方法主要有2種:(1)燃燒控制技術(shù)燃燒控制技術(shù)是指通過改進(jìn)燃燒工藝,減少NO X 的產(chǎn)生,如分級燃燒法、低氧燃燒法、濃淡偏差燃燒和煙氣再循環(huán)等方法。我國在20世紀(jì)80年代至本世紀(jì)初,先后開發(fā)旋流式粉煤預(yù)燃燒器、鈍體粉煤燃燒器、多功能船體粉煤燃燒器、雙通道粉煤燃燒器、多級濃縮粉煤燃燒器,其中多功能船體粉煤燃燒器在近200臺鍋爐成功應(yīng)用, NO X 降低率最高達(dá)50% ～55%,同時節(jié)約點火油和燃油,并能較好地穩(wěn)定燃燒過程。(2)爐膛噴射脫硝技術(shù)爐膛噴射脫硝過程類似于爐內(nèi)噴鈣脫硫過程,實際上是在爐膛上部噴射某種物質(zhì),能夠在一定溫度條件下還原已生成的NO X ,以降低NO X的排放量。爐膛噴射包括爐膛噴水或注入水蒸氣、噴射二次燃料、噴氨等方法。2. 氮氧化物的治理技術(shù)氮氧化物治理技術(shù)即煙氣脫硝技術(shù)是對燃燒后煙氣中的NO X 進(jìn)行治理,是NO X控制措施中最重要的方法,其工藝可分為干法和濕法?！「煞ā∵€原法還原法即在還原劑存在的條件下,將NO X還原成無毒無害的N 2 從而消除污染的一種氮氧化物治理方法。目前國內(nèi)外常用的還原法有: (1)選擇性催化還原法( SCR)選擇性催化還原法( selective catalytic reduction , SCR)就是在固體催化劑存在下,利用各種還原性氣體如H CO、烴類、NH 3 與NO X反應(yīng)使之轉(zhuǎn)化為N 2。該技術(shù)20世紀(jì)80年代初開始逐漸應(yīng)用于燃煤鍋爐的煙氣脫除NO X 。SCR技術(shù)的關(guān)鍵問題是催化劑的選擇。在汽車尾氣的催化反應(yīng)中,一般用CO作為還原劑,PtRh或Pd類作為催化劑,這些催化劑一般分布在整體式陶瓷的涂料表面。劉趙穹等研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在350℃、有SO 2 存在下,在Sn0. 催化劑上CO對NO的還原轉(zhuǎn)化率接近100%,并提出了SO 2 +NO +CO反應(yīng)的氧化還原反應(yīng)機(jī)理。但是SCR技術(shù)也還存在一些不足,如對管路設(shè)備的要求高,造價昂貴、NH 3 加入量的控制容易出現(xiàn)誤差,造成二次污染。僅適用于固定污染源的凈化。(2)選擇性非催化還原法(SNCR)選擇性非催化還原法(Selective NonCatalytic Reduction, SNCR)工藝是向高溫?zé)煔庵袊娚浒被蚰蛩氐冗€原劑,將NO X 還原成N 2 ,其主要化學(xué)反應(yīng)與SCR法相同,一般可獲得30%～50%的脫NO X 率,所用的還原劑可為氨、氨水和尿素等,也可添加一些增強(qiáng)劑,與尿素一起使用。SNCR法受溫度、NH 3 / NOX 摩爾比及停留時間影響較大。影響SNCR系統(tǒng)性能設(shè)計和運(yùn)行的主要因素是反應(yīng)溫度范圍、最佳溫度區(qū)的滯留時間、噴入的反應(yīng)劑與煙氣混合程度、處理前煙氣中NO X濃度、噴入的反應(yīng)劑與NO X的摩爾比、氨的逃逸量。管一明等研究認(rèn)為對于氨,最佳反應(yīng)溫度區(qū)域為870～1100 ℃。尿素最佳的反應(yīng)溫度區(qū)域為900～1150 ℃。滯留時間能在～10 s范圍內(nèi)波動,但為獲得較好的NO X 去除率, s,～3。該工藝不需催化劑,舊設(shè)備改造量小,但氨液消耗量較SCR法多,目前國內(nèi)基本不用此法。(3)熾熱碳還原法利用碳質(zhì)團(tuán)體還原廢氣中的NO X 屬于無觸媒非選擇性還原法。與以燃料氣為還原劑的非選擇性催化還原法相比,其優(yōu)點是不需要價格昂貴的鉑、鈀貴金屬催化劑,避免催化劑中毒所引起的問題。和NH 3 選擇性催化還原法相比,碳質(zhì)固體價格比較便宜,來源亦廣。利用碳質(zhì)固體還原NO X 是基于下列反應(yīng):C + 2NO→CO 2 +N2C +NO→CO + 1 /2N 2C +NO2 →CO 2 + 1 /2N2C + 1 /2NO2 →CO + 1 /4N 2國外對碳層熱還原NO X 進(jìn)行了大量研究。清華大學(xué)試驗結(jié)果表明,在溫度650～850℃時, NO X 能夠被核炭、無煙煤、焦炭等碳質(zhì)同體還原,在所研究的NO X 濃度下,還原率在99%左右。NO 2在350℃以上開始分解為NO和O 2。在450～600℃時已基本分解完畢。但動力學(xué)研究表明,O 2 與碳的反應(yīng)先于NO與碳的反應(yīng),故尾氣中O2 的存在使碳耗量增大。不少人企圖控制O 2 與碳的反應(yīng),或使用催化劑改變NO和O2 與碳的反應(yīng)活性順序,但至今沒取得令人滿意的結(jié)果。　電子束照射法(EBA)和脈沖電暈等離子體法(PPCP)電子束或電暈放電法的原理是在煙氣中加入少量氨氣、水蒸氣或甲烷氣,再利用電子加速器或電暈放電產(chǎn)生的高能電子流,直接照射待處理的氣體,通過高能電子與氣體中的氧分子及水分子碰撞,使之離解、電離,形成非平衡等離子體,其中所產(chǎn)生的大量活性粒子(如OH、O 和HO 2等)與污染物進(jìn)行反應(yīng),使之氧化去除。高能電子產(chǎn)生等離子體工藝是工業(yè)煙氣中去除NO X 的有效方法之一。其優(yōu)點是不產(chǎn)生廢水,回收副產(chǎn)物NH 4NO3 可作氮肥加以利用,能同時脫除SO 2 和NO X ,且具有較高的脫除率。結(jié)合