【正文】 導(dǎo)論. 清華大學(xué)出版社, 200311. 林劍，王宇譯. JAVA實例技術(shù)手冊（第三版）. 中國電力出版社, 2005年6月12．鄭可奇. MySQL實用教程. 電子工業(yè)出版社, 200913．唐漢明. 深入淺出MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫開發(fā)、優(yōu)化與管理維護. 人民郵電出版社, 200814． 阿特金森，周靖，許青松. MySQL核心編程：高級開發(fā)者指南. 清華大學(xué)出版社, 200315． 邱彥林. Flex第一步：基于ActionScript 2應(yīng)用開發(fā). 清華大學(xué)出版社, 200716．Paul Milbourne, Chris Kaplan, Michael Oliver, Serge Jespers. The Essential Guide to Flash CS4 with ActionScript. friends of ED, 200917．Alaric Cole. Learning Flex 3: Getting up to Speed with Rich Internet Applications. O39。Reilly, 200818．Katherine Ulrich. Flash CS4 Professional for Windows and Macintosh: Visual QuickStart Guide. Peachpit Press, 2008附錄1 外文參考文獻（譯文）淺析Java的數(shù)據(jù)庫訪問技術(shù)1. 引言Java語言是一個支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)計算的面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計語言。Java語言吸收了Smalltalk語言和C++語言的優(yōu)點，并增加了其它特性，如支持并發(fā)程序設(shè)計、網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信和多媒體數(shù)據(jù)控制等。2. JDBCJDBC是一種可用于執(zhí)行SQL語句的Java API，它由一些Java語言編寫的類和界面組成。JDBC的體系結(jié)構(gòu)由四個組件：應(yīng)用程序、JDBC驅(qū)動程序管理器（JDBC Driver Manager）和數(shù)據(jù)源（Data Source）。JDBC API通過一個JDBC驅(qū)動程序管理器和為各種數(shù)據(jù)庫定制的JDBC驅(qū)動程序，提供與不同數(shù)據(jù)庫的透明連接。JDBC API的作用就是 屏蔽不同的數(shù)據(jù)庫間JDBC驅(qū)動程序之間的差別，使得程序設(shè)計人員由一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的、純Java的數(shù)據(jù)庫設(shè)計接口，為在Java種訪問任意類型的數(shù)據(jù)庫提供技術(shù)支持。JDBC驅(qū)動程序管理器為應(yīng)用程序裝載數(shù)據(jù)庫驅(qū)動程序。JDBC驅(qū)動程序與具體的數(shù)據(jù)庫相關(guān)，用于建立與數(shù)據(jù)源的連接，向數(shù)據(jù)庫提交SQL請求。目前比較常見的JDBC驅(qū)動程序分為一下四個種類： JDBCODBC橋+ODBC驅(qū)動程序JavaSoft橋產(chǎn)品利用ODBC驅(qū)動程序提供JDBC訪問。 本地API這種類型的驅(qū)動程序把客戶機API上的JDBC調(diào)用轉(zhuǎn)換為Oracle、Sybase、Informix、DB2或其它DBMS的調(diào)用。 JDBC網(wǎng)絡(luò)純Java驅(qū)動程序這種驅(qū)動程序?qū)DBC轉(zhuǎn)換為與DBMS無關(guān)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議，之后這種協(xié)議又被某個服務(wù)器轉(zhuǎn)換為一種DBMS協(xié)議。這種網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器中間件能夠?qū)⑺募僇ava客戶機連接到多種不同的數(shù)據(jù)庫上。所用的具體協(xié)議取決于提供者。 本地協(xié)議純Java驅(qū)動程序這種類型的驅(qū)動程序?qū)DBC調(diào)用直接轉(zhuǎn)換為DBMS所使用的網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議。這將允許從客戶機及其上直接調(diào)用DBMS服務(wù)器，是Intranet訪問的一個很實用的解決辦法。對于以上四類驅(qū)動程序的選擇，需要考慮構(gòu)建應(yīng)用程序的實際需要。一般而言，我們建議不要適用橋驅(qū)動程序，即第（1）（2）類驅(qū)動程序，它們主要是作為純Java驅(qū)動程序還沒有上市之前的過渡方案來適用，效率相對地下，程序的可移植性差。第（3）（4）類驅(qū)動程序是從JDBC訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫的首選方法，它們不但使程序的可移植性提高，達到跨平臺的目的，還省去了在客戶端安裝驅(qū)動程序的麻煩。第（3）類驅(qū)動程序最大的優(yōu)點在于對多數(shù)據(jù)庫的支持，使最靈活的JDBC模式，廣泛地應(yīng)用與Internet/Intranet開發(fā)，性能十分突出。這種驅(qū)動程序支持多數(shù)據(jù)庫以及分布式事物處理和集中管理，適用于大型的企業(yè)級應(yīng)用。第（4）類驅(qū)動程序的優(yōu)點在于與數(shù)據(jù)庫本身結(jié)合緊密，性能很高。適用于小型企業(yè)級應(yīng)用。應(yīng)用程序?qū)又泻?種重要的接口：。3. 提高數(shù)據(jù)庫訪問效率的幾種技術(shù) 數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池技術(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池的基本思想就是為數(shù)據(jù)庫連接建立一個“緩沖池”。預(yù)先在緩沖池中放入一定數(shù)量的鏈接，當(dāng)需要建立數(shù)據(jù)庫連接時，只需從“緩沖池”中取出一個，使用完畢之后再放回去。我們可以通過設(shè)定連接池最大連接數(shù)來防止系統(tǒng)無盡的與數(shù)據(jù)庫連接。更為重要的是我們可以通過連接池的管理機制監(jiān)視數(shù)據(jù)庫的連接的數(shù)量、使用情況，為系統(tǒng)開發(fā)、測試及性能調(diào)整提供依據(jù)。 JavaBean技術(shù)在實際應(yīng)用程序中會遇到很多程序訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫的情況，如果數(shù)據(jù)庫要修改，哪怕僅是密碼，也要改動所有的程序，所以應(yīng)當(dāng)把鏈接數(shù)據(jù)庫的操作放進一個程序中，再需要數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接時去調(diào)用這個文件就可以解決這個問題。一般的方法就是把數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接做成一個JavaBean來封裝數(shù)據(jù)庫操作。JavaBean技術(shù)是一種可以重復(fù)使用且跨平臺的軟件組件，可以使用JavaBean封裝事物邏輯和客戶端操作的分離，使系統(tǒng)具有更好的靈活性和適用性。因此，使用JavaBean提高了數(shù)據(jù)庫的訪問效率。 數(shù)據(jù)庫批量更新機制數(shù)據(jù)庫批量更新的機制時通過一次調(diào)用將整批更新命令提交給數(shù)據(jù)庫，之后數(shù)據(jù)庫將一次處理所有的更新。這比將同組中的每一個更新逐一提交給數(shù)據(jù)庫的性能要高很多，大大提高了對數(shù)據(jù)庫的訪問速度。 多線程及線程池技術(shù)多線程技術(shù)主要解決處理器單元內(nèi)多個縣城執(zhí)行的問題，它可以顯著減少處理器單元的閑置時間，增加處理器單元的吞吐能力。但如果對多線程應(yīng)用不當(dāng)，會增加對單個任務(wù)的處理時間。線程池技術(shù)正是關(guān)注如何縮短或調(diào)整時間的技術(shù)，從而提高服務(wù)器程序性能的。當(dāng)使用多個較短存活期的線程有利時，可以運用線程池急速，此技術(shù)節(jié)省了虛擬機為每項短期工作創(chuàng)建新進程的工作量。另外，它使得與線程的啟動及消亡后的清理相關(guān)的開銷最小。使用此激素和可以減少反應(yīng)時間。在任務(wù)期限比較短時，線程池也是不錯的方法。附錄2 外文參考文獻（原文）Analysis of Java39。s Database Access Technology1. IntroductionJava language is a support network puting objectoriented programming language. Java language has absorbed Smalltalk language and C + + language of the advantages, and an increase of other features such as support for concurrent programming, network munications and control of multimedia data.2. JDBCJDBC is a SQL statement can be used for the implementation of the Java API, it is written by a number of Java class and interface ponents. JDBC architecture consists of four ponents: the application, JDBC driver manager (JDBC Driver Manager), and data sources (Data Source). JDBC API via a JDBC driver manager and for a variety of customized database JDBC driver to provide transparent connectivity of different databases. JDBC API is the role of shielding between different database JDBC drivers the difference between, making programmers from a standard, pure Java database design interface, in Java of any type of database access to provide technical support. JDBC driver manager for databasedriven application program loaded. JDBC driver associated with a specific database, and data sources used to establish connections, submit SQL requests to the database. At present, the more mon JDBC drivers are divided into about four categories: JDBCODBC bridge + ODBC driverJavaSoft products that use ODBC bridge provides JDBC access to drivers Local APIThis type of driver on the client API of the JDBC call is converted to Oracle, Sybase, Informix, DB2 and other DBMS call. JDBC Network pure Java driverThis JDBC driver will convert the DBMS has nothing to do with the network protocol, such an agreement after a server has been converted to a DBMS protocol. This Web server middleware to its pure Java client to connect to a wide range of database. The agreement depends on the specific provider. Local agreements pure Java driverThis type of JDBC driver will call directly into a DBMS network protocol used. This will allow the client and from a direct call on DBMS server, Intranet access is a very practical solution. Driver for more than four choices, to build applications that need to take into account the actual needs. In general, we remend that drivers do not apply to the bridge, that is, subsection (1) (2) class driver, which is mainly as a pure Java driver has not yet listed on the program prior to the application of the transition, the relative efficiency of the ground, the procedure can be transplanted poor. (3) (4) from the JDBC driver is the preferred method to access the database, they not only improve the portability procedures to achieve the purpose of crossplatform, but also eliminates the need to install the client driver trouble. Subsection (3) class driver is on the merits of the largest multidatabase support, so that the most flexible JDBC model, widely used with the Internet / Intranet development, a very outstanding performance. This driver supports multidatabase and distributed transaction processing and centralized management for largescale enterprise applications. Subsection (4) driver the advantage of close integration with the database itself, a high performance. Applicable to smallscale enterprise applications. Application la